2. What doest the analogies stands
for?
“Geopolitical The impact created by a country on
other neighboring countries due to its geographical
position is called Geo politics. This impact also affects
the politics of the whole region.
“Strategic refers to the comprehensive and planned
application of measures to achieve a central goal or to
vital assets of military significance”
“Geo-strategic merges strategic consideration with
geopolitical ones”
Like NATO is a geostrategic military alliance
3. GEOGRAPHICAL
DESCRIPTION OF
PAKISTAN Pakistan is located in South East Asia
24.35 North and 37.05 North latitude & 61 East to 78
East Longitude
Area – 7,96096 sq km stretching over 1600 km from
North to South and about 885 Km from East to
West
Khyber Pass connects Pakistan and Afghanistan
Khunjrab Pass links Pakistan and China
Pakistan and Iran borders meet at Koh-i-Tuftan
4. Geopolitical Importance of
Pakistan:
Political importance:-
US interests in the regions to contain the Growing China, nuclear Iran,
terrorist Afghanistan, and to benefit from the market of India. Security
and Business are two main US interests in the region while Pakistan is
playing a front line role against terrorism. Today the political scenario of
the region is tinged with pre emption policy and US invasion of Iraq and
Afghanistan, Iran's nuclear program, India's geopolitical muscles(new
strategic deal with US) to gain the hegemony.
CHINA PERSPECTIVE:
CHINA PERSPECTIVE Pakistan’s territory as land routes for China’s
access to the Gulf Region Pakistan’s location in close proximity to the
Hormiz Straits, critically vital for US strategic interests and valuable as a
Chinese counter-pressure point against the United States Convergence
of Chinese and Pakistani strategic interests in Afghanistan and so also
against India Islamic fundamentalism insurgency in China Xinjiang
5. RUSSIAN INTEREST :
RUSSIAN INTEREST Faster strategic reinforcement capability in the region and eliminate
Western submarine based threat from waters of the Indian Ocean and the Arabian Sea. Exertion
of military pressure on Iran and Saudi Arabia through potential threat to their oil trade and be on
the flanks of NATO countries.
Afghanistan perspective : Afghanistan is situated to the West of Pakistan. When the English got
the control of sub-continent, according to a pact with Afghanistan in 1893, the permanent border
between the two countries was marked which is called Durand Line..This line is about 2240
kilometers long with the border between Pakistan and Afghanistan. Both countries have old
religious, cultural and trade terms.
Iran perspective : To the West of Pakistan is the border of Iran along province of Baluchistan. It is
our Islamic brother country. Iran was the first country which recognized the existence of Pakistan
in 1947. Iran has made political and trade pacts known as R.C.D. Its name is E.C.O which means
Discipline for Economic Cooperation. Iran openly helped Pakistan during the wars of 1965 and
1971. Pakistan proves its friendship with Iran in every hour of need. Islamic revolution has come
in Iran by the end of kingship. It has also better relations with Pakistan.
Trade Through Arabian Sea :
Arabian Sea is in Indian Ocean. Most of the trade between east and west is done through Indian
Ocean. Pakistan through Arabian Sea is linked with the Muslims Countries of Persian Gulf. All of
them are rich in oil. In Karachi Bin Qasim and Gwader are important seaports of Pakistan. In this
respect South-East Asian Muslim countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, Darussalam) and South
Asian Muslim countries (Bangladesh, Maldives and Sirilanka) are important. So Pakistan has an
important strategic position in the world.
6. GEO-STRATEGIC
IMPORTANCE OF
PAKISTANScheme Of The Topics:
1. Proximity of great powers
2. Gateway to central Asia
3. Important link in the chain of Muslim countries.
4. Only Muslim country having nuclear capability
5. China’s link to the Middle East
6. Significance as a transit economy
7. Reduce Indian hegemony in South Asia
7. 1. Proximity of Great Power
Russia and China are busy to give check to US Power in
this region and in other regions like Middle East, Africa,
North America, Europe and Far East ASIA US interests
in this Region
1. Security Policy of Pax –Americana in order to restraint
world dynamics from Unipolarity to multi-polarity US
interest in the region to contain the growing china,
nuclear Iran, terrorist Afghanistan
2. 2. Business To benefit from the market of India and
Central Asia
8. 2. Gateway to central Asia- oil
and energy game
Pakistan is called the gateway of Central Asia due to
following reasons:
1. Trade of Central Asian countries.
2. Transport
3. Energy related projects.
9.
10. 3. Important link in the chain of Muslim
countries.If we look at the map of Muslim countries, Pakistan occupies a central
location. Towards west of Iran, china extends to North Africa. Thus it
can actively participate in the activities of Muslim world-economic
development, transport of resources and above all combat terrorism.
11. 4. Only Muslim country having
nuclear capability
Reason behind forming nuclear state
Indo-Pak 1971 war( physiological setback for Pakistan)
Smiling Buddha nuclear test 1974
Bhutto hope and struggle make it possible for Pakistan to
become a nuclear state. His dedication is reflected from
statement "Pakistanis will eat grass but make a
nuclear bomb.”
Finally, on 28 May 1998, a few weeks after India's
second nuclear test (Operation Shakti), Pakistan
detonated five nuclear devices in the Ras Koh Hills in
the Chagai district, Baluchistan. This operation was
named Chagai-I by Pakistan
12.
13. World reaction on Pakistan as a nuclear state
Pakistan had to face sanctions and embargos and
for Pakistan’s struggling and suffering economy, it
was a severe blow
Whereas, Pakistan received great appreciation
from Muslim world.
Significance of being nuclear state
Only Muslim country with nuclear power
It is also clear that the whole spirit behind nuclear test
was India’s urge to become the sole South-Asian power
and Pakistan’s struggle to develop an adequate balance
of power
14. 5. China’s link to the Middle
East
Pakistan is the only direct and shortest link
between China and the Middle East
Gulf States possessing 63% of world’s oil
reserves
In development of this link PN plays an
important role by making Gwadar a fully
functional port with support of china
15. 6. Significance as a transit
economy
Land locked Afghanistan now at the
phase of reconstruction finds its ways
through Pakistan
China with its fastest economy growth
rate of 9% GDP developing southern
provinces because its own part is 4500
km away from Sinkiang but Gawader is
2500 km away
Pakistan offers central Asian regions the
shortest route of 2600 km as compared to
Iran 4500 km or turkey 5000 km
16. 6. Significance as a transit
economy Land locked Afghanistan now
at the phase of reconstruction
finds its ways through
Pakistan
China with its fastest
economy growth rate of 9%
GDP developing southern
provinces because its own
part is 4500 km away from
Sinkiang but Gawadar is 2500
km away
Pakistan offers central Asian
regions the shortest route of
2600 km as compared to Iran
4500 km or turkey 5000 km
17. 7. Reduce Indian hegemony in South
Asia
Hegemony means economic, political and military dominance of one state over other
states.
Pakistan cuts off India’s route to Middle East and Central Asia.
India has a shared interest with the US and NATO in the subjection of Pakistan as
they consider nuclear weapon of Pakistan a threat to India’s national security, NATO
operation in Afghanistan and Israel.
18. Conclusion:
Pakistan is a junction of south Asia, west Asia and Central Asia; a way to
resources efficient countries to resources deficient countries.
There is no doubt that Pakistan has great importance in the world but it is the
fact that Pakistan is a developing country and has many issues like energy
crisis, terrorism etc.
The famous American scholar Stephen Cohen while remonstrating on the
thought patter of most of people of Pakistan point out that the establishment is
prone to thinking that someone will always come to Pakistan’s , rescue because
of its location.
This kind of thinking must be eradicated and we have to step on and learn to rely
on our own resources which proliferate in Pakistan.
