ASSIGNMENT-5 STAT 201 Q1. Find the critical path and calculate the slack time for the following network Q 2. A project has the following characteristics Activity Most optimistic time (a) Most pessimistic time (b) Most likely time (m) (1 – 2) (2 – 3) (2 – 4) (3 – 5) (4 – 5) (4 – 6) (5 – 7) (6 – 7) (7 – 8) (7 – 9) (8 – 10) (9 – 10) 1 1 1 3 2 3 4 6 2 5 1 3 5 3 5 5 4 7 6 8 6 8 3 7 1.5 2 3 4 3 5 5 7 4 6 2 5 Construct a PERT network. Find the critical path and variance for each event. 1 | Page Last Example 1 Last Example Film Science: What Does Music Affect? Music in film can make an audience cry or laugh, cheer for the main character or despise the villain. Music’s impact in film goes beyond background noise or filler noise. Film music can be borrowed music from another source, specially composed for a specific film, an accompaniment soundtrack, or even silence. Silence in a film can be as effective as the addition of music because the silence is punctuating the events of the film. When music is borrowed to fit a new film the effects of the soundtrack do not diminish. Therefore, the effect that music has on the audience is based on how the music, along with the film, create such moving scenes. Generally, audience members and critics of film science agree that musical elements in a film can determine the effectiveness of a film, but why. How does music effect the human brain and what parts of the brain are affected? Experiments have been conducted to test the effectiveness of music in film. Likewise, experiments should be conducted to test how the human brain is changed with the addition of music. For example, with the results from the Iowa State University experiments as a stepping stone, future experiments could focus on what parts of the brain are affected by the musicality of a film. Many theories have been proposed about why music has such a profound effect on audiences. Such as, the music of a film affects a person’s psychological transportation into the movie and therefore affects the people watching the film. At Iowa State University, this hypothesis was explored in a series of two experiments. In the first experiment, two groups were assigned to watch a movie in a controlled theater environment. The first group watched a selected film with the original soundtrack accompaniment. The second group watched the same film but with the soundtrack muted. In the second experiment, three groups were again assigned Last Example 2 to watch a selected film with variations in the soundtrack. The first group watched the selected film without any music. The second group viewed the movie with a soundtrack that followed the main events of the storyline. However in the third group, the film was viewed with music that was incongruent with the events of the movie. The results from the first experiment, as expected, reported that the group who viewed the film with the origina ...

1. ASSIGNMENT-5 STAT 201
Q1. Find the critical path and calculate the slack time for the
following network
Q 2. A project has the following characteristics
Activity
Most optimistic time
(a)
Most pessimistic time (b)
Most likely time
(m)
(1 – 2)
(2 – 3)
(2 – 4)
(3 – 5)
(4 – 5)
(4 – 6)
(5 – 7)
(6 – 7)
(7 – 8)
(7 – 9)
(8 – 10)
(9 – 10)
1
1
1
3
2
3
4
6

2. 2
5
1
3
5
3
5
5
4
7
6
8
6
8
3
7
1.5
2
3
4
3
5
5
7
4
6
2
5
Construct a PERT network. Find the critical path and variance
for each event.
1 | Page

3. Last Example 1
Last Example
Film Science:
What Does Music Affect?
Music in film can make an audience cry or laugh, cheer for the
main character or despise
the villain. Music’s impact in film goes beyond background
noise or filler noise. Film music can
be borrowed music from another source, specially composed for
a specific film, an
accompaniment soundtrack, or even silence. Silence in a film
can be as effective as the addition
of music because the silence is punctuating the events of the
film. When music is borrowed to fit
a new film the effects of the soundtrack do not diminish.
Therefore, the effect that music has on
the audience is based on how the music, along with the film,
create such moving scenes.
Generally, audience members and critics of film science agree
that musical elements in a film
can determine the effectiveness of a film, but why. How does

4. music effect the human brain and
what parts of the brain are affected? Experiments have been
conducted to test the effectiveness
of music in film. Likewise, experiments should be conducted to
test how the human brain is
changed with the addition of music. For example, with the
results from the Iowa State University
experiments as a stepping stone, future experiments could focus
on what parts of the brain are
affected by the musicality of a film.
Many theories have been proposed about why music has such a
profound effect on
audiences. Such as, the music of a film affects a person’s
psychological transportation into the
movie and therefore affects the people watching the film. At
Iowa State University, this
hypothesis was explored in a series of two experiments. In the
first experiment, two groups were
assigned to watch a movie in a controlled theater environment.
The first group watched a
selected film with the original soundtrack accompaniment. The
second group watched the same
film but with the soundtrack muted. In the second experiment,
three groups were again assigned

5. Last Example 2
to watch a selected film with variations in the soundtrack. The
first group watched the selected
film without any music. The second group viewed the movie
with a soundtrack that followed the
main events of the storyline. However in the third group, the
film was viewed with music that
was incongruent with the events of the movie.
The results from the first experiment, as expected, reported that
the group who viewed
the film with the original soundtrack reported greater
transportation into the film and therefore
were more susceptible to “narrative persuasion”. These results
support music’s effect on an
audience but the film was meant to be viewed with the original
soundtrack. From the results of
the second experiment, the hypothesis was confirmed. With the
results from the second, more
deviated, experiment the audience reported greater
transportation into the film only when the
film was viewed with congruent music. Therefore, the music

6. alone does not affect the audience.
The music accompanying the film adds to the story but does not
affect the audience when their
eyes and ears do not view the film with the same impression
(Costabile).
The experiments above proved the effects of music but did not
shown why the audiences
were so effected by the change in congruency or with the
addition of music. Also, no one has
discovered what part of the brain is effected by the
accompaniment of music in film. The focus
so far has been on if the music truly does affect the audience.
However, studiers of film science
generally agree that the effects are present, but why. To follow
the above testing, different
viewings of a film could be shown with different types of music
to see how and where the music
is affecting the human brain. Conducting this second round of
experiments would be more
invasive but would allow scientists a view the effects of the
music from an audience members
brain activity. The experiment would be with volunteers, of
course. In testing how the brain is
affected by music in film, receptors would be placed on the

7. brain of an audience member and
Last Example 3
brain activity would be recorded during the viewing of the film,
through differential viewings as
well. The film in the experiment could be any genre but focus
would be on what different types
of music affected the brain activity the most. Differentiation in
soundtrack genre and
effectiveness would be recorded.
“To comprehend fully what music does for movies, one should
see a picture before and
after its scored, first in rough cut and then in final cut. Not only
are dramatic effects heightened
by the addition of music, but in many instances the faces,
voices, and even the personalities are
altered” (Fischoff 3). Why should the human brain be studied?
Interestingly, the human brain
associates certain faces and sounds with an underlying meaning.
For example, when a baby cries
mothers have an uncontrollable reaction to help the child. The
human brain puts a structure to

8. events that are heard as well as seen. Films are not different for
the human brain, though
audiences realize that the movie is not reality. The sights and
sounds in a movie theatre during
the viewing of a film centralize in the brain to be understood.
Music has an ability to alter
conclusions about situations with tone. In a scary movie the
audience can pick up on subtle clues
in the soundtrack to tell them that something frightening is
about to happen, for example. Even if
nothing bad was going to happen in the film for another hour
the human brain would react to the
subtle hints and changes in tone of the soundtrack. Therefore,
changing the experience of the
movie as well as the audience’s emotions and reactions to what
they are seeing on screen.
Studying brain activity during the showing of a film could
reveal why the soundtrack has such a
profound effect on an audience, even if the film does not
present similar cues and hints.
One hypothesis is that “music adds heightened realism or
supra-reality” (Fischoff 3).
Which is a filmic reality that is different from actual reality.
The filmic reality consists of the

9. storyline and the main conflicts of the film. Thus, an alternative
meaning in the storyline is
Last Example 4
interpreted in film because of what the accompanying
soundtrack is telling the audience. The
hypothesis that music could add a sense of heightened realism
asserts that music has control over
the audience, instead of the film. In turn, the human brain
would be controlled by the soundtrack.
Film science is an old field of study. However, with the use of
modern technology, new
understandings could be made about why music in film has such
an impact on the human brain.
Using previous experiments about the effects of music in film
on the audiences transportation
into the story and the degree of narrative persuasion based on
the music, new experiments could
be conducted that would enlighten studiers of film science.

10. Last Example 5
Works Cited
Costabile, Kristi A., Amanda W. Terman. “Effects of Film
Music on Psychological
Transportation and Narrative Persuasion.” Taylor & Francis
Group, LLC (2013): pp. 316-
323. Web. 19 Nov. 2014.
Fischoff, Stuart. “The Evolution of Music in Film and Its
Psychological Impact on Audiences”
(n.d.): pp. 1-5. Web.calstatela.edu. Web. 19 Nov. 2014.
Essay Five: Classical Research Argument Essay
For this assignment, you are entering the conversation and
providing an argument you will develop using

11. specific details from the research for Paper 4 to support it.
You will need to read the sources closely, examining their
assumptions, assessing their reasons and
evidence, and weighing their conclusions. From there, you will
present your own argument and support it
with the research that you have performed. This paper should
work from the research already done for
paper 4 and no other research should be necessary, but more
research can be used to further illuminate the
topic. The ultimate goal of this paper is to present a reasonable
and rational argument that uses sources to
come to a conclusion about the topic being discussed.
Your essay will be submitted in the following manner:
formatting
and section provided
-class

12. Does Technology Impact Society?
The majority of society members believe that technology has
dependably impacted
society, but the question that comes up is if technology has
control over society member’s choice
of actions? Scholars have engaged in debates and discussions on
this matter that some are
claiming that every invention has influenced how individuals
identify with each other and how
societies have interacted. Questions have also been raised on
how technology has purportedly
impacted how urban areas develop, where individuals live, and
who possesses what. Since the
different sides have failed to come to an agreement on the
matter, more questions continue to be
raised on the subject. This includes the important query that as
more individuals store personal
data on the internet, in what capacity will we guarantee that
data is kept as safe as possible? As
our economy gets to be more reliant on bits than atoms, by what
method will we shield these

13. assets from being harmed or degraded by hackers? As the
obstructions to data descend, by what
means will we shield from negative and predatory impacts? In
order to try finding answers into
some of these questions, I read four articles in the field of
technology. Two agree that technology
impacts society while two differ.
The first article I read was by Muhammad Al-Amin Niang
called “Technology and its
Impact on Society.” The author tends to oppose that technology
impacted society and explored
dynamics aspects of technology. He simply ventured out to
recognize that technology has no
impact without uncertainty, for example, the absence of face to
face collaborations with other,
the impact this does to individuals. This was after several
studies that he concluded that “It
would result in poor correspondence orally and composed the
most youthful era absence of
associating with other additionally (Muhammad, 2015.)”
He proposes that a large portion of the reasons why there are
impacts on society is

14. because individuals attempt to socialize less online particularly
with companions that they know
face to face. “Individuals ought to likewise have the propensity
to logon and find out
manipulators of technology who live near to their homes or
neighborhoods, so they can caution
their kids, in light of the fact that we utilized the Internet to
find these predators, by law their
areas must be unveiled (Muhammad, 2015.)”
The author contrastingly also points out it would not be right to
bring the impacts without
specifying the advantages technology convey to this world,
point of fact there are a greater
number of advantages than not. He also adds that “It has been
part of inventions and at whatever
point there are developments make new conceivable outcomes,
as well as issues and situations
(Muhammad, 2015.)”
The second article that I read that not that does support that
technology impacts society
was by Bloom Nicholas titled "The distinct effects of
information technology on society". The
article points out that in any case; the limit of the technology is

15. extending online client social
planets get far away to individuals and all the while to tie them
all the more profoundly. It also
analyzes another fantastic advantage of emails that most
Americans are utilizing email to plan
occasions, for chapel meeting, mosques occasions, and
mastermind neighborhood social events.
“By the by the increase with an email I don't think we can ever
gauge it (Bloom, et al. 2880.)”
The author identifies through various interactions with people,
technology and studies
that it impacts them through some of the advantages it brings.
For instance he points out that
“One great point with online groups there are no boundaries;
there are numerous individuals
having discussion by means of the Internet in the event that it
was face to face they would never
have seen one another or say a word to one another (Bloom, et
al. 2877.)” It is diminished the
racial, sex, monetary foundations. Amid these Internet groups
individuals concentrate on the
objective they have or share with one another, this demonstrates
in spite of the fact that they may

16. be from an alternate race or monetary foundation yet they for
sure have a considerable measure
in centre.
Additionally he believes that “history has proven time and again
that with any
developments there are new potential outcomes and issues.
However he simply needs to place it
in context (Bloom, et al. 2882.)” This gives one straightforward
illustration on how quick we
can get to data, by means of TV, Internet, Cell telephone or
different means consequently in our
advantages, contraception pills, and various medicines.
According to him “It's utterly impossible
we can design the technology benefits or measure them,
notwithstanding we ought to be mindful
of the impacts the technology can do, in this manner we ought
to be vigilant, and keep whatever
we can minimize them (Bloom, et al. 2880.)”
In this exploration, the third article I read was on “Negative
effects of technology on
society" by Reynoldsburg Nables. The author supports the
common beliefs that technology
affects society in a more clearly opinion negatively. He

17. indicates in his article that the more
propelled technology turns into, the more it appears to have
control over our lives. “We invest
additional time online than any time in recent memory some
time recently (Nables, 2015.)”
Individuals are not contending about this startling new
condition. He accepts that individuals
have to grasp the technology promptly, looking for just the
advantages and overlooking the
numerous defeats. “It doesn't make a difference if the house is a
loud urban stroll up or a curious
cabin on the isolates feigns (Nables, 2015.)”
In his studies, that he conducted he found out that late
advancements in technology, for
example, the internet additionally prompted a decrease in
"typical" social practices. The obsolete
bistro gave an approach to both share and desert isolation,
however sitting in the screen world is
an entire another story. “You are socially and mentally cut off
from your kindred juice addicts. In
ages past, you could stroll around town for an entire day
without seeing all the individuals you

18. know.” He also argues that “Presently, everybody you know is
on the internet and social sites,
taking that certain mental understanding of seeing individuals.
You see them each second of each
day and hear about each and every thought about theirs when
they think them (Nables, 2015.)”
The fourth article done by Fred Guterl titled "What Impact Will
Emerging Technologies
Have on Society?" also agreed that technology impacts society.
He points out that we live more
in our heads than any society has whenever ever, and for some
the main the truth is the one
inside their heads. “Our society is an extremely a work arranged
spot where we attempt to top off
our schedules to the overflow trying to accomplish, however,
much as could be expected (Guterl,
2014.)” It has never jumped out at numerous individuals that
doing that much work may have
adverse mental impacts, for example, keeping them from
seeking after diversions and investing
quality time with society members. “Technology has an all that
much comparable impact. In the
first place, when you get a telephone you check it infrequently,
perhaps under the supper table.”

19. He also states that “Before long you begin checking it all the
more frequently and out in the
open, now and then not listening to what individuals say and
missing entire discussions. It can
even deteriorate than that in a few circumstances (Guterl,
2014.)”
He also believed that when we get to be habituated to the
astonishing mechanical
accomplishments of late years, we neglect to be excited and
stunned. We lose that incredible
feeling of marvel, of wonderment. “We underestimate
brightness thus we overlook the human
components of determination, imagination, and knowledge
(Guterl, 2014.)” What we all
overlook once in a while is that how astonishing these techs
truly are when utilized right
according to the author. He identifies that we are lucky to the
point that we even have computers,
laptops, tablets, and TVs in any case. Everything had to fall set
up exactly at the right times for
this to work out
The four articles tend to agree on some issues like internet
safety and new technological

20. advances. They all point out that the internet is not totally safe
as technological advances are
making access to personal data by hackers easy. They all
specifically points out that in the event
that you read Google's security approach deliberately, it points
out that they hold the privilege to
settle on noteworthy choices about our information without
respect for our hobbies. They also
agree that taking everything into account, present day
technologies can be a twofold edged
sword, from security to connectedness. They concur that
technologies do have their advantages
to society and impacts, however as with numerous progressive
inventions, they can radically
change our lives against of our wishes.
The four articles also differ greatly on the matter of how
technology controls our daily
life and activities. The two articles acknowledging that
technology impacts our society concur
that our actions and deeds are fully controlled and manipulated
by technological advances. They
argue that everything has been technologically anchored with
daily activities like

21. communication, education and socialization happening through
technology gadgets. The authors
against the precept that technology impacts society don’t
support this claim. They propose that
invention have not influenced how individuals identify with
each other and how societies have
interacted in anyway. They believe that any change that has
occurred has been out of our
personal choices in life and technology can’t force us to
undertake any actions against our
wishes.
This leaves us with questions lingering in our minds. Does
technology affect our society?
The debate continues with scholars and academicians engaging
in debates. Some agree that in
almost every commercial, ad, and limited time, individuals urge
others to purchase the most
recent gadget, or upgrade to the most recent new thing. In some
articles, our culture reminds us
consistently how helpful these gadgets are, and admonishes us
to exploit this by verifying we are
as digitally associated as present technology permits. Two
article differ on if consistent contact

22. with the world truly something worth being thankful for on
account of technology? Like the
auto, the technology has been made out to be a marvel of social
and individual change, when it is
truly a wonder of accommodation and on account of the
technological advances, one that has
brought about a social and individual change. Does technology
then affect society? The debate
continues, and it all narrows down to one's beliefs on the
impacts of technology on society and
how the perceive it.
Work Cited
Bloom, Nicholas, et al. "The distinct effects of information
technology on Society." Management

23. Science 60.12 (2014): 2859-2885
Guterl, Fred. “What Impact Will Emerging Technologies Have
on Society?” N.p., 10th Nov.
2014. Web 13th Apr. 2015.
Muhammad, Al-Amin Niang. “Technology Issues and its Impact
on Society” Technology
Website. N.p., n.d. Web 13th Apr. 2015.
Nables, Reynoldsburg. “Negative Effects of Technology on
Society” Teen Ink. N.p., n.d. Web
13th Apr. 2015.
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