3. Earthquake Mechanism
• The earthquake was caused
by three plates Eurasian, Pacific,
and Philippine Plates converged
4. The kobe, Japan Earthquake
• MW – 6.9
• Depth : 24 KM
• 5: 46 am January 17, 1995
• Lasted for just 20 secs
• During the seismic shaking ground moved 7 inches horizontal and 4
inches vertical
5. Damage Factor
• Proximity to fault
• Soil and foundation condition
• Age of building
• Types of structural System
6. Summary of Accumulated Knowledge
• Ground Shaking and fire together destroyed over 150,000 buildings
and left 300,000 homeless
• The economic loss as a result of this earthquake is estimated to have
reached $200 billion
• The earthquake resulted in more than 6,000 deaths and over 30,000
injuries
• 600 Fires following the earthquake incinerated the equivalent of 70
US city blocks.
7. Socio Economic Impact
• Kobe, a city of 1.5 Million, was devastated
• Buildings of all types and ages collapsed.
• Entire blocks of apartment failed
8. Socio Economic Impacts
• The Hanshin Expressway, an elevated highway system, collapsed,
• Utility outrages were widespread due to liquefaction and lateral
spreads.
•
9.
10. Socio Economic Effect
• The port of Kobe lost its position as the world’s 2nd largest container
shipper,
11. Lesson Learnt
• The great Hanshin- Awaji Earthquake Reconstruction Plan
• Hygro Phoneix plan
• Started 4 days after the earthquake
• Target Completion :2005
• Target areas : 10 cities and 10 towns
12. Five Pillars
• Creation of Welfare society tailored to 21st century
• Creation of a Culturally rich society open to the world
• Creation of a society where existing industries grow and new
industries flourish
• Creation of disaster- resilient metropolis where people can live with
confidence
• Urban development with multi- centered network- type metropolitan
area
13. Lesson Learnt
1. Delay of first response - cabinet information collection system,
enhance government system, development of disaster information
system
2. Absence of coordination among relevant organization – Nation wide
support system for Disaster Emergency System
3. Lack of Preparedness – Seismic Building Retrofitting Act ( 1995)
4. Importance of Community and Volunteer (1.4 million volunteers
rush to damaged area to support victims) - support system for
Volunteer activity ( Designating 17th January as Disaster
Management and Volunteer day )
14. Lesson Learnt
• Need for assistance in livelihood restoration ( 44% death over 65
years , more women killed compared to men )- Revision of
compensation framework, Revision of local task law, New Support
framework livelihood restoration loans
• Importance of Urban Planning- Fire and Earthquake resistant
buildings, Balance transportation system live in harmony with nature
• Transfer of Lessons ( Importance of sharing information, education
and research in disaster ) – Great Hansain-Awaji Earthquake
Memorial, Disaster Reduction and Human Renovation center – Asian
Disaster Reduction Center (ADRC) UN/OCHA , WHO Kobe center ,
Disaster Medical Center International Recovering Platform ( IRP)
This experience would eventually lead to the establishment of a Cabinet-level information-collection system and new government posts, including that of state minister for disaster management.
Designation of emergency hospital, designation of emergency helicopters, National Policy agency Medical Transportaiton Action plan
3. 80% were killed by collapsed building , didn’t comply with building code, Fire broke out and spread at wooden houses desly built up area.
4. Most people were rescued by community
