Modernism And Modernism

Modernism And Modernism
Throughout this essay I am going to explore a range of artists and show you how modernism
changed throughout the 1920's and 1930's in photography, I am also going to explore Modernism in
Graphic Design as well. "Photographers began to Work with Sharp focus and an emphasis on formal
qualities, exploiting, rather than obscuring, the camera as an essentially mechanical and
technological tool" (Artsy.net)
So to begin the first Photographer I looked at was Alexander Rodchenko, Rodchenko "was a
Russian artist, sculptor, photographer and graphic designer" (Wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander) He
"was one of the most versatile constructivist and productive artists to emerge after the Russian
revolution, he worked as a painter and graphic designer ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I like how all the lines have individual detail and the vanishing point is clear and it makes you want
to see what could be at the top of the tower.
(http://en.wahooart.com/Art) "Rechevik (1929)"
I'm not sure if I like his graphic design stuff, this is because I feel there is just too much going on
and all the different patterns in the image can make you have a headache.
The second Photographer I researched was August Sander, "born 17th November 1876, in Herdorf
was a German Portrait and Documentary photographer"
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_Sander) "Sander first learned about photography by assisting
a photographer who was working for a mining company. With financial support from his uncle, he
brought photographic equipment and set up his own studio"
(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_Sander) "In the early 1920s, he came in contact with a radical
group of artists linked to the workers movement which, as Wieland Schmied put it 'sought to
combine constructivism and objectivity, geometry and object, the general and the particular, avant–
garde conviction and political engagement, and which perhaps approximated most to the forward
looking of New
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Modernist Modernism : High Modernism Vs. Low Modernism
Modern or Modernist?
High Modernism vs. Low Modernism
Damian Sun
1238719
University of Waikato
Modernism was a movement that was developed during the late nineteenth century and early
twentieth century. Modernism developed due to the changes happening in societies at the time.
Around the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century there was a rise in the industrial
society's where there were advancements in technologies and machines, and a rapid growths in
cities. This lead to a change in cultural trends and philosophies, which is known as modernism.
Modernism was well known for the rejection on traditional way, such as the arts and beliefs. It
rejected the idea of realism and religious beliefs. During these years modernism could be
distinguished by two aspects, High and Low Modernism.
These two aspects were defined by the different ways they used modernism. Modernism itself was a
movement which strayed away from the traditional ways and embraced the changes which were
happening the around the world such as the machines. In 'Modernism and Postmodernism' it says
that "The First World War, at once, fused the harshly mechanical geometric rationality of technology
with irrationality of my" ( p.9 ), further on explain that in 1920, modernism came to define the age,
as before the war modernism was a minority taste. Modernist used machines to help develop their
works and create abstract compositions rather than realistic. High and Low modernism difference
was in

The Impact Of Modernism
Jonathan Glance , author of the book 20th Century Architecture ; The Structures That Shaped The
Century describes modernism as " an attitude rather than a style " an attempt to free the architect
from the rules of convention. Form following function was an attribute adopted by architectural
modernists. As a result of this, modern architecture is no longer ornamentally focused but uses
materials such as concrete, glass, steel and wood for functional construction. With reference to Le
Corbusier and his architectural masterpiece, Ville Savoye, this essay will discuss and analyze the
impact the industrial revolution had on modernism, the influence the Bauhaus had on architectural
development, social and economical effects that influenced social trends, how modernism was
received and reviewed by society and why the modernist dream ultimately failed.
The Industrial Revolution was a period of time that gave birth to a ... Show more content on
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Decompartmentation is made up of three aspects: ascetics technics and society. Decompartmentation
is when things that are normally categorized into groups are now not distributed but used together in
order to achieve a desired result. He believed that design could be used as a solution to solve the
alienation in modern, urban society and thus using decompartmentalization in linking social
problems and design to create a solution. It was meant to 'improve the population who consumed it'
states Greenhalgh when discussing his views on modernism. Due to this critic it reiterates that Le
Corbusier did initially solve many of the social issues such as creating more land space by building
upwards, building houses out of cheaper materials to help provide to those effected by the economic
crisis and creating houses without ornamentation. However due to his neglect in focusing on the
comfort of people living in these houses his work was

Post-Modernism Essay
In recent years, multiculturalism, tolerance and political correctness have been integrated into how
American society thinks. America seems to be trying to learn more about the ingredients of her
melting pot. These efforts can be best understood by examining post–modernism. Post–modernism
is especially important to breaking down stereotypes such as those that exist surrounding the black
family.
To understand post–modernism we must first understand modernism. Modernism is the philosophy
that began with the Enlightenment. The Enlightenment was an era when science and art flourished.
European society used the Enlightenment to object to the oppression of the church. This era
emphasized only those things that are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The meta–narrative for the black family is defined by the Western standards: income and education
and any other quantifiable unit.
The history of the black family is difficult to research according to Barnetta McGhee White because
there are few written documents to substantiate the oral history (Staples, 1991 p.50). In terms of the
prevailing meta–narrative, familial ties must be documented by family trees. Black families, due to
the breakdown of the family through the slave trade, rely on oral history to tell the story of their
lineage (Staples, 1991, p 51). The genealogy of author Barnetta McGhee White helps illustrate
certain points. The first is that since a majority of the research into genealogy is dependent on
written documents dating into the founding years of this nation, these documents are only telling
what the writer wants the reader to know. The history of black families is told through the story of
the slaveholder and, thus, gives information relevant to the business of slavery–everything that
measurable. Another point is that those in power in the past control the future. If current society is
viewed in chronicled terms, there is little control blacks can have over the account of their family
history because it will always be in terms of the dominant meta–narrative based on modernity. The
conclusion to be made by the former points is that modern thought is to blame for stereotypes
against blacks.

Modernism And Postmodernism
Modernism is very troublesome to define with clarity because of the fact that the term revolves
around various genres of movements be it artistic or philosophical. Nonetheless, there are some
primary beliefs of the Modernist genres that appeal in someway or the other to the various
movements and also the writers.
Modernism in general can broadly be described as the "deviation from the ancient and classic
manner". (Johnson, J., The New Royal and Universal English Dictionary, Millard, 1763). It is the
radical movement away from the past in search of new styles of expression. It refers to a reforming
movement away from the traditional forms in various fields like architecture, art, music, and
literature during the late 19th century and the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
1997.)
As post–modernism was a direct reaction to modernism, the two along with their respective theorists
often criticize each other and often justify their views in various debates and discourses.
"Habermas and the Unfinished Project of Modernity" is a collection of essays, which show us the
discourse between modernism and Post–modernism. Jürgen Habermas is a German social theorist
who is also a strong defender of modernity. He vigorously counteracts various criticisms made by
post–modernist theorists on modernism. Many intellectuals in the modern day have become
skeptical about the emancipatory potential of modernity but Habermas still believes and continues to
insist on the idealistic utopian potential of modernity as the "child of enlightenment". As modernism
take has influences from democracy and reason, Habermas sees it as an unfinished project. By this
Habermas is trying to state that there is still so much to be done in the domain of modernism before
contemplating a move to the post–modern world.
Marx influenced Habermas as he had an association with the Frankfurt School of social thought, but
nonetheless believed that Marx's views needed to be thoroughly changed in order to make them
genuinely contemporary and modern. Considering this, Habermas came up with two important
theories namely The Theory of Communication, and The Theory of Rationalization of System and
Life–world. In his theory of communication, Habermas assigns himself to redefine the Marxian

Born out of conflict, both modernism and postmodernism were movements that explored the pieces
that two global wars had left behind. Modernism focused heavily on the rise of nationalism and
capitalism as well as the exploration of individual identity. Some of the more notable literary figures
to arise from this period were Virginia Woolf, T.S. Eliot, and Wallace Stevens. Postmodernism, on
the other hand, emphasized the rejection of metanarratives, healthy skepticism of universalisms, and
the creation of fictional worlds. The influential literary titans from this era include the likes of Kurt
Vonnegut, Jorge Luis Borges, and Vladimir Nabokov.
During the modernist era, the rise of nationalism and global expansion exploded across the globe.
Nationalist ideals began to take hold across Europe and tensions increased as each country attempt
to showcase its own believed superiority. Citizens of each nation were identifying themselves as
holding common beliefs and ideals supposedly inherent to their country of origin. Rupert Brooke's
poem The Soldier is an intriguing example of nationalism and identity from this time period. The
poem's narrator is a soldier of British descent who speaks of his possible death and his arrival in
"English heaven". His intense love and pride for his country cannot only be seen in the fact that his
depiction of heaven is simply another version of England, but also in the first two couplets. He
states, "If I should die, think only this of me: / That

A Thesis On Modernism
Brian Blair–Whitaker
LA LIT 4 H B1
Ms. Gladstone
2/16/18
Modern Thesis Paper
During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, changes in the dynamics of society caused
intellectuals to question the traditions of everyday life. From religious views to the arts of literature,
traditional values and forms were rejected, thus defining a line between the two time periods, which
can be considered as the start of the Modern era. Also known as Modernism, the modern era used
literature as an outlet for expressing the thoughts and feelings of the time. Modern texts use city life,
industrialization and globalization, and ironic and satirical themes to showcase their bleak outlook
on life post both world wars. The nature of these events are aspects of society ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
The mistrust of the world which is at the center of modernism can be attributed to the world wars
and the psychological effect that it had on the individual. The horrors and violence altered public
perceptions of life, a change that is evident within writers of the time period. The focus of writing
shifted from the outward world to inner thoughts and feelings and overall representation of an
individual's stream of consciousness which are themes associated with modern text. In "Impact of
Modernism", focuses on the idea that world needed new outlets for expression and in finding them
rejected the tradition that was already there with the quote, "Many modernists believed that by
rejecting tradition they could discover radically new ways of making art." (Impact) .The world no
longer had the beauty it once did so a a discovery of new arts were needed. The mind of an
individual became that new found inspiration and beauty that modern writers needed and for that
reason it was one of the main focuses of modern

Defining Modernism Essay
Defining Modernism
Modernism described as movement in arts would best be described as a movement that was used to
unit America after a period of crisis, it did this by it being centered on explorations into the spiritual
nature of men and the value of his society and institutions. In a way it was like realism they too
focused on the changes on society. The modernistic writers always wrote in a very formal defined
form.
Modernism also played a very important role as a movement in poetry. The way modernism did this
was it brought so much more opportunity to the poet as a way of writing. The poet is now able to
express themselves in new ways. If it was not for modernism who knows if we would be talking
about the works of Emily ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Modernists like realists both wanted to paint an unbiased, accurate picture of society by confronting
the problems of the individual and of the society. The only difference in the two is the difference in
societies. These principles could be called the tenents of Modernism.
My working definition of modernism would be a movement in American Literature that allowed
writers to be able to express themselves but at the same time be able to celebrate the changes that
are accruing around them. This movement also allowed poets to write about anything that they saw
which was thought to be modern. In short I guess it is somewhat safe to say that their writings
reflect ongoing changes that are occurring in their society.
As far representative themes go my definition ties into that. In nineteen thirty Hart Crane made a
visionary pilgrimage though America's geographical and emotional space. Around this time Crane
published his epic poem The Bridge, which celebrates the Brooklyn Bridge as both an architectural
achievement and a symbol of American modernity. Because of the type of descriptive writing that
was being used the voice in the writings were in deep detail and strong emphasis on words were also
used to help get the point across.
This time in American Literature is a very important one. Without this strong movement we today
would not have the please of being

Post Modernism vs. Modernism
Modernism vs. Post Modernism The ideas of modernism and post modernism are fundamentally
different. Modernism is the belief that human beings can improve their environment, using scientific
knowledge, technology and putting all of those things into practice. Modernism is prevalent in the
field of arts. The concept of post modernism looks at the ideas behind modernism and questions
whether they really exist. (wikipedia) Modernism began in the early 1800's. It emerged with Manet
and Baudelaire in painting and literature respectively. It was initially called "avant–garde" and today
it means to change the current state of being. In the late 1800's developments in science and
technology dominated most of modernist thoughts. Some of the ... Show more content on
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Logically this makes post modernist thought eligible for scrutiny under its own rules. Some of the
post modern thinkers are Martin Heidegger and Michel Foucault. Michael Foucault wrote "We must
see our rituals for what they are: completely arbitrary things, tired of games and irony, it is good to
be dirty and bearded, to have long hair, to look like a girl when one is a boy (and vice versa); one
must put "in play", show up, transform, and reverse the systems which quietly order us about. As far
as I am concerned, that is what I try to do in my work." Heidegger added: "...thinking begins only
when we have come to know that reason, glorified for centuries, is the most stiff–necked adversary
of thought." (Chagani) These two proponents of post modernism were concerned that thinking
would be limited by the standards set in society. They believed that breaking away from these norms
was the only way to continue growing.
Chagani, Fayaz (1998). Post Modernism. Retrieved December 4, 2006, from Geocities Web site:
http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Agora/9095/postmodernism.html Post Modernism. Retrieved
December 4, 2006, from Wikipedia Web site: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post_modernism
Modernism. Retrieved December 4, 2006, from Wikipedia Web site:

Modernism Essay examples
Modernism
Modernism is defined in Merriam–Webster's Dictionary as "a self–conscious break with the past and
a search for new forms of expression." While this explanation does relate what modernism means,
the intricacies of the term go much deeper. Modernism began around 1890 and waned around 1922.
Virginia Wolf once wrote, "In or about December, 1910, human character changed." (Hurt and
Wilkie 1443). D.H. Lawrence wrote a similar statement about 1915: "It was 1915 the old world
ended." (Hurt and Wilkie 1444). The importance of the exact dates of the Modernist period are not
so relevant as the fact that new ideas were implemented in the era. Ideas that had never before been
approached in the world of literature suddenly began emerging ... Show more content on
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Stepping outside of the box, they wrote what they perceived in their own minds to be reality. The
readers in turn were given a new form of literature that was not written on the basis of beliefs that
earlier had seemed indisputable. Not only were old belief systems disregarded, they were openly
opposed. Even more surprising, the new thoughts were acceptable, and in turn provided an
alternative route for thinking that had not formerly been considered.
Anti–Realism is another feature of Modernism. This element included the use of myth and allusion
in writing. Description was a prominent feature in literature before the Modernist period; writers had
set the scene using an exactness that left little room for a reader's imagination. With Modernism
emerged the allusion, which meant that only certain aspects of the setting or scene were revealed.
This provided freedom for the reader to think about what the author was presenting through the text.
The work was created through the inner feelings and workings of the characters and the symbols
hidden in the plot and setting. The way themes and points of view were selected went against the
earlier convention also. Sigmund Freud's Interpretation of Dreams in 1899 opened the door to
previously undiscovered value in the human unconscious. This led to a whole new emphasis of
individualism in both the writer and the reader, who were given free reign to explore not only who a
character was

Museum Of Modernism
The class visit to the Museum of Modern Art allowed myself to understand and visualize what the
work of Modernism really pertains to. As I was entering the Modernism Art exhibit or the first time,
I was excited yet uncertain of the paintings and works of art I would come across. After exploring
around, reading the information panels, and asking questions, I attempted to learn and educate
myself on the Modernist art movement. The purpose of the modernist period for artists was to
provide new meaning, illuminate the world in a different way, and to show different relationships
within the world. Modernism art isn't necessarily a rejection of the past as much as trying to make
meaning of the past that existed in the nineteenth century and sought ... Show more content on
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In terms of the approaches to modernism, thematically, another big theme of modernism besides
taking fragments of different elements is the concept and function of dislocation and distortion of
body parts that is deconstructed or broken down but then is thrown together, not in a way we would
recognize in a realistic mode. For example, one sees a human body in a certain way. Yet some
artwork of the human being is depicted in a style where an arm seems twisted and dislocated. This
represents breaking away from the past in a tradition of representing the body in a new and different
way. In The Girl Before a Mirror, it becomes apparent that the lady's body has been distorted due to
the darkening of her facial features. This is an example of how the dominant trend of modern
painting was through distortion. We can get a sense that her face is darkened, her eyes are round and
hollow, and her feminine body is twisted and contorted. She seems older and more anxious due to
her physical transformations. Furthermore, in the distorted mirror reflection, the girl's nose becomes
long and her full blond hair is reflected as thin and green. Her mind has deformed her face and body
since her breasts are lopsided and sagging, and her face is aged. We might assume that Picasso was
painting a scene of an isolated figure. The isolation of that individual reminds me of alienation for
instance since she doesn't seem connected to others, which refers back to Things Fall Apart. Yet
interpretation is arbitrary with modern art. A particular artist might have not been thinking alienation
is what he or she is trying to represent, but what matters with any text, whether it is a literary text,
painting, sculpture or piece of music is that meaning is a combination of what is there and what we
are bringing to the text. That is how meaning works. It is not just in the text itself. So

An Essay on Modernism
Modernism describes the ideology of the art and design that were produced during the modernist
period. There has been a lot of controversy about when modernism started, yet many believe it
initiated sometime in the late 19th century and continued to the early 20th century. The modernist
movement was meant to be a break from traditions and it was set up to separate the value of certain
works from the conservative realism. For instance, Unlike the traditional art that was aesthetic, this
movement was more about space and form. In modernist design, shape and organization of products
and buildings were based on their functional requirements. As a result, designs became simpler
without the traditional decorative concepts. The idea behind the ... Show more content on
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The chair utilizes the space and structure well and also is developed from a traditional idea into an
innovative modern design for a chair. This chair was famous for its new use of materials, in the
original design, the frame was made out of chrome steel and the upholstery was covered with white
kidskin and filled with cotton burlap and horsehair (Meadmore, 1997). This chair is still in
production for over eight decades.
____________________________________________________
Moreover, I explained how each image is an example for the core principles of modernism as
mentioned in the overview. In brief, modernist design is innovative. Space, form and structure is
based on the functional requirements. Designs became simple and without overwhelming traditional
aesthetic concepts. Therefore, technology together with simpler design made the product easy to be
mass produced. After the first World War, designers in central Europe intended to change the world
for better through art by rejecting ornamentation as it resembled of the past generations whom
withstood the unpleasant effects of war and poverty (Smith, 2005). Dormer (1993) writes that:
'When intelligent designers of the late 19th or early 20th century looked at the anonymous artifacts
of 18th– and 19th–century industrialization, they saw great beauty in the simple, engineered
structures, and set

Examples Of Modernism
59. modernism– the movement that is currently in effect. Suzanne Collins is an example of a
modern writer. 60. mood– the emotional feeling a reader has while reading that is intentionally
inflicted by the author. For example, the mood established at the beginning of the play Macbeth is
evil and ominous because of the eerie connotations of the diction and haunting atmosphere. 61.
naturalism– a literary movement that sought to achieve every day realism. Jack London's Call of the
Wild was part of the naturalism movement. It is told from the perspective of a sled dog. 62.
neologism– a word that takes on new meaning or a recently created word. For example, the word
"selfie" was not made an official word until recently. 63. ode– a type of poem that is lyrical but short
in length; meant to praise someone or something. John Milton's poem "On the Morning of Christ's
Nativity" is an example of an ode. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
parable– a simple story with a moral lesson at the end. "The Tortoise and the Hare" is one of the
most famous examples of a parable. It teaches the reader that "Slow and steady wins the race." 65.
paradox– a statement that is true, yet contradicts itself nonetheless. Many examples of paradoxes
can be found in the first few scenes of Shakespeare's play Macbeth. One in particular is when the
witches say, "Fair is foul, foul is fair" (Shakespeare I. 1. 10). Paradoxes can be used to add depth to
a text and to make the reader look at a specific topic or idea in a innovative

Characteristics Of Modernism
PD4102 History of Design Report
Sam Van Dam
15172058
26th April 2016
Each period style, for instance, Art Nouveau, Art Deco, Modernism, Post–modernism has certain
defining characteristics. Describe a period of your choice and define its traits.
Modernism is a period style which has many defining characterisitcs which will be talked about
throughout the course of this essay. The birth of Modernism ran between the 18th and 19th century
around the time of the industrial revolution. The industrial revolution caused very quick changes in
technology, manufacturing and transportation as well as other aspects.
These all had a massive affect on the social, economic and cultural conditions of life in Western
Europe, North America and eventually the rest of the world. (MoMa 2011) [Fig 1] The first railroad
train in Temecula, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Other arts such as literature and music had massively changed, shaping the music we listen to and
the books we read to this day. The modernist period saw many composers start to experiment with
their music which was a change from the romantic period. The romantic period was very traditional
but in the early 20th century, composers had started to use new melodies and harmonies that were
considered unusual at the time.
One of the most famous musicians to thrive in the modernist period was the American composer
Aaron Copland. Some of his most famous work would be his compositions for the films 'Of Mice
and Men' and 'Our Town'. He very much went with the fast changing times that were happening
around him.
In his growth as a composer Copland mirrored the important trends of his time. After his return from
Paris, he worked with jazz rhythms in Music for the Theater (1925) and the Piano Concerto (1926).
(Britannica 2016)
This is what led Copland to work on project such as film scores as during the early to mid 20th
century, as the art of film had become very

Similarities Between Modernism And European Modernism
World War I, along with World War II and the rise of Marxist–Leninist states in Russia and China, is
one of the defining moments of the 20th century. Parts of Europe lay in devastation and the United
States found itself in an increasingly prominent place on the world stage. The United States' decision
to intervene in World War I meant that American soldiers would be fighting in foreign lands under
brutal conditions. All aspects of society were rapidly changing as developments in technology and
changing economic conditions redefined every part of everyday life. These developments along with
World War I allow for the birth of Modernism. Modernism represents the uncertainty drudgery of
contemporary life and the desire to achieve a new social order capable of overcoming the failures of
the past. Ernest Hemingway and F. Scott Fitzgerald present readers with two different accounts of
modern life rooted in the same context of "American life." European Modernism and American
Modernism, while sharing broadly similar characteristics, engage in different projects. In Europe,
T.S. Eliot and Ezra Pound found potential solutions in Conservatism (involving Eliot's concern with
tradition) and new modes of organic social organization (represented by Pound's acceptance of
Fascism). The Dadaists and Italian Futurists adopted a subversive and negative eye towards the
present in desire for the future. Abstract artists and atonal composers were examining ways to
represent a search for truth in a way that overcame the bourgeois art and music of the past. In
America, life was dominated by an explosion of wealth and prosperity in the wake of World War I.
In some instances, soldiers and citizens became expatriates. Hemingway and Fitzgerald stand out as
representatives of two parts of American Modernism. Fitzgerald focuses on life in the United States
in all of its excess and search for deeper connection amid vapidity. Hemingway shows the life of the
post–war American who is aware of the change in the world and strives for enjoyment and direction
in activities like bull fighting, hunting, love, and drinking. Fitzgerald's "Winter Dreams" and
Hemingway's "Hills Like White Elephants" exemplify both author's different focus and account

Modernism : Modernism And Modernism
1. Art has evolved over the last century moving from Modernism to Postmodernism. Modernism 's
birth is somewhat controversial but our text puts it at 1910. Paul Cezanne, who was closely tied with
Cubism, has been credited as one of the fathers of Modernism. A lot was changing during this period
which produced a slew of new styles such as, Post Impressionism, Symbolism, and Surrealism to
name a few. Modernism thrived from the early 20th century until the period denoted by World War
II at which point it fell out of favor. Modernism was characterized by a trust in science/rationalism,
celebrating change brought on by the industrial revolution, and a move away from magic and
religion. This began to change after World War II when artists began to question how could such a
terrible thing could have happened. A new style of art formed which was called Postmodernism,
which is believed to have taken hold in the 1980s, where artists rejected science/rationalism,
questioned authority, were critical of progress, examined moral codes, and were skeptical. This new
style is better thought of as strategy for making art since it appears in many forms using a wide
variety of materials and techniques. It has been described as, "creating visually interesting, messy,
sometimes contrary, and often political images that mock the rules of Modern art." (Stokstad &
Cothren 2011) They are like modern day djs taking material from multiple sources and combining
them in a unique way to

Modernism Essay
Modernism is characterized by the rejection of tradition. Creatives of the Modernist era questioned
what came before, looking for fresh ways to interpret familiar subjects, rejecting historical themes
while searching for a means to understand and communicate the present (Medina 1995).
Furthermore, Belting (2003, 17) states Modernism embraced "all the crises and schisms of the
modern world". The key points of this paper will be ascertained through the evaluation of four
European Modernist artworks produced between 1860 and 1935. These artworks include La
Montagne Saint Victoire by Paul Cézanne displaying angular lines, color modulation, and
geometricized forms; a classic example of Divisionism and Pointillism by Georges Seurat – Sunday
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Modernism's quest for creative possibilities encouraged artists to produce visually–distorted
depictions of standard subjects, whilst others began exploring subject matter devoid of any
relationship with observable surroundings, resulting in abstraction. (Nicholls 2009).
A discernible example of Modernism's rejection of earlier artistic tradition is La Montagne Saint
Victoire (figure 2) by Paul Cézanne (1902–4). Cézanne produced over thirty oil paintings and
numerous watercolors on the topic of Mont Sainte–Victoire, portraying nature as geometrized
shapes and pronounced colour sequences (Courchia et al. 2011). In La Montagne Saint Victoire,
Cézanne created a streamlined, structured landscape, using angular territories of pigment and
elementary shapes of "...cylinder, sphere and the cone" (De La Croix, Gardner, and Tansey 1975,
701). Cézanne's unblended fields of color, and vibrant to cool modulation, created spatial dimension
enhanced by prismatic and lustrous qualities. Rather than imitate the visual experience of the
physical world as observed in prior traditions such as Neoclassicism and Realism, Cézanne
embraced the confines of the two–dimensional surface, placing colorful fragments in harmonious
arrangements to realize the essence of the motif (Miller 2017; Loran 1970), consequently, Cézanne's
new pictorial imagery inspired ground–breaking art trends such as Cubism and Symbolism
(Lichtenstein 1964;

In the same manner in which one looks to structuralism to identify the main ideas of post
structuralism, one must look to modernism to understand postmodernism. Modernism in literature
reflected the same rejection of fundamental elements as musical, visual art, and architectural styles.
More specifically, "traditional realism" in literature was abandoned" in favour of experimental forms
of various kinds." (Barry 79) Modernism enjoyed its highest point of popularity between 1910–
1930, especially reflected in the writings of English speaking writers such as T. S. Eliot, James
Joyce, and Virginia Woolf; and in the writings of German and/or French speaking writers like
Marcel Proust or Franz Kafka. These writers sought to place a new emphasis on impressionism;
deviate from traditional prose and poetry style by using fragmented writing styles; and increase
subjectivity of character and narrator, no doubt to distinguish themselves from the overtly moral
liberal humanist model. In general, this represented a shift in literature "dedicated to
experimentation and innovation." (Barry 79) What then, was postmodernism? Contrary to the
potentially misleading misnomer, postmodernism, rather than a continuation of modernist practice,
represents more of a reaction it. It is important to recognize that there exists "two opposed moods or
attitudes" (Barry 80) between modernism and postmodernism. As Barry states, "J. A. Cuddon's entry
in his Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory

Effects Of Modernism
The Modernist era was a social and cultural movement characterised by rapid social and
technological change in the 19th and 20th century. The art movement revolved around a group of
innovative artists and art critics who challenged preconceived ideas about what "good" art was, and
redefined expectations. Modernism affected the ideas and practices of artists, increasing the attitude
of the Avant–Garde – to be original. Abstraction was explored visually and artists moved away from
pictorial realism, bringing into focus new techniques and acceptances. Abstract Expressionist was
the final sub–era of Modernism. Artists started to view painting as a performance or experience,
rather than a reproduction of an object – real or imagined. It was ... Show more content on
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He aimed to distil the core essence of each artwork through visual vocabulary; using non–genre
based subject matter such as distorted shapes, squiggles and motifs. For example, in his painting
'Composition IV, 1911, Kandinsky has partially disguised symbols of subject matter from the
outside world, such as boats, reclining figures, and a castle on a hilltop, beneath vibrant blocks of
colour and harsh black lines. The notion of battle is conveyed in the chaos of the composition
particularly in the way Kandinsky has juxtaposed the clashing vibrant high key colours, with the
calm of the flowing forms. This alludes to the peace and redemption to
follow. Kandinsky's formalistic approach to the biomorphic painting – with a specific focus on
colour, shape and arrangement – was challenging to the deeply ingrained notion that subject matter
was required to tell a narrative and realistically represent society. Kandinsky was criticised for
devaluing art in the Modernist era and promoting the notion of "art for art's sake" due to the abstract
nature of his work. However he argued that such artwork could create a corresponding thrill or
contrast of emotion in the audience. He said "Such works of art at least preserve the soul from
coarseness; they "key it up...as tuning–key the strings of a musical instrument." He aimed to reveal
the inner life

Analysis Of Literary Modernism
Literary modernism was a reaction against realism which was developed to depict real rural life
(Campbell, 2017). As people begun to relocate to city areas many writers and artist took to
redefining the meaning of a realistic life. It was believed that one way of life no longer fit for
everyone and modernism introduced literature and art that began to question and show various
perspectives of life. Peter Childs explains that "modernist writing "plunges" the reader into
confusing and difficult mental landscape which cannot be immediately understood..." (Childs 15).
Uncommon poetry and prose stemmed from this modernist development. A popular one being Nella
Larsen's Passing, which encompasses two African American women who are particularly ... Show
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As there was a rapid change in "normal" modernist literature searched for new realities and
discerned what was unreal within them. The novel Passing serves as an example that encompasses
and illustrates what Childs refers to as the modernist creation of "the tradition of the new". Nella
Larsen's Passing was published in 1929, it was narrated by Irene Redfield as she reunites with a
childhood acquaintance that is African American but passes as a white woman in all areas of her life.
Clare, Irene's acquaintance, who passes as white explores the uncertainty of reality as she steps into
the lifestyles of an African–American during the Harlem Renaissance, and Irene also explores her
own uncertainty. Though many critics have stated that race in the novel is mainly to serve as a
source of suspense. I agree with Jennifer Brody the author of Clare Kendry's True Colors, that race
is the forefront issue within the story and it is related to issues of "class and sexuality" (1). Passing
erupted a fascination of the realities of passing characters both in black and white characters.
Revealing the interest of ambiguity that many African Americans faced during this time period. The
author of Nella Larsen's biography argues that the main characters are not completely opposite but
are especially meant to be developed as complex and

Modernism In Modern Architecture
breeding from the unruly mood at the beginning of the 20th century, modernism was a profound
approach that craved to stimulate and renovate the way modern civilization pictured life, art,
politics, literature and science. It is a classical trend of thoughts that ratifies the power of human
beings to create, improve and reshape their environment with the aid of scientific knowledge,
technological advancements and practical experimentation. As a trend, it is less lucid, its perimeter
looser, than, say, classicism. a number of analysts would contend that modernism isn't a single trend
, that it embodies a great array of aesthetics and sensibilities. It encouraged the re–analysis of every
aspect of survival from commerce to philosophy, with the objective of finding the progress holding
obstacle and restoring ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Wright introduced the linearity and simplicity of external form. Modern architecture is imputed to
the era from 1920 to 1950. Walter Gropius, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Le Corbusier are names
often associated with modernism. designers began incorporating industrialism and urbanismin their
designs. Their buildings used geometric forms, glass panels and other designs. The ornamental
elements receded with modernism.. Because modernism developed hand–in–hand with
industrialization, modern structures were designed and constructed in light of the machine with bold
use of steel. Modern architects created details and building systems that aimed at machine
manufacturing and making. With modernism, symmetry gave path to regularity. "Form follows
function", an adage meaning that the result of design must evolve directly from its purpose. Also
modern architecture was simple and clear in forms. the natural appearance of a material should be
visible rather than hidden or modified to highlight some other feature. Major influences of modern
architecture in the mid–20th century include aviation and space

Modernism And Post Modernism In The Golden Book By Doris...
The Golden Book by, Doris Lessing includes many issues, some of them are
feminism,individualism, allienation, communism etc. however it contains both modernism and post
modernism given as a mixture through out the text.With both of these terms used in the same book
is enough to make it fascinating. What is modernism and post modernism? How does it affects the
use of language in characters.
Modernsim started at the late 19th century and ended around 1920s with great works accieved and
also with the great artists who have been in the modernism act. Modernism was a reaction of the
victorian era. The first period of the twentieth century was the time when modernism was fully
developed with the names of James Joyce, D. H. Lawrence and many ... Show more content on
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Modernism which is unable to make people happy postmodernism comes to break down the
modernism ideas of metarialism and rationalism, taking people into their order and putting them into
slaves and the technology which turns people to robots. In the aim of destroying the general
acceptance of modernism. This resistance showed itself in the change of economy, culture and social
life however this change wasnt totally differnt from modernism. From many discriptions
postmodernism shares the same model of modernism and is said that it is a inner criticsm of
modernism and is just a alternative to

Societal change is an unstoppable force, followed by an inevitable outcome. This phenomenon is
yearned by some, yet dreaded by others. Regardless of human opposition, nature inexorably takes its
course, gradually transitioning from one seemingly immutable concept to the next. These shifts can
range anywhere from the subversion and replacement of established cultural norms with fresh new
ideals, to the inescapable advancement and refinement of technology. Over time, a society's
constituents begin to recognize certain motifs, which emerge in an epoch's progeny, ensuing from
the evolution of human thought and attitude. As a result, the people have imbued these time periods
with names that best encapsulate their meaning and significance. In this research paper, I will delve
into the fundamentally unique and directly opposed worlds of Modernism and Postmodernism, two
time periods which lie beside each other and yet share almost no common ground. Modernism is
based on rational thinking, logic, and the scientific process, aimed at creating a clear and rational
view of the world while advocating the belief that there is much to learn from the past that could be
beneficial to the present. Postmodernism, on the other hand, advocates the belief that there is no
universal truth. It questions the rationality of Modernism and its ideologies, believing that there is
no connection between the past and the present, a complete opposite view as compared to
Modernism. Through the

I can clearly say that we live a postmodern society overshadows modern. The realization that
postmodernism is label as a board movement that start in the mid– to late 20 centuries. But let's first
define what the difference between the two topics. Postmodernism consists of philosophy, the arts,
architecture, and criticism. While modernism is a modern character or quality of thought,
expression, or technique. Sit back and relax while I take you on a journey about my argument on
postmodernism. Postmodernism, on the hand, is a movement that took place during the late 20
centuries. It took place right after World War II, but it gained more attention in the the 1960. We can
tell about a postmodernist society through arts, music, and political views. They question the
rationally of modernism society. It's been told that their no connection between the past and the
present and past events are irrelevant in the present. We can tell that postmodernism is a dogma
response to modernism. It's the rejection of traditional ideas. Plus, how we can make a feel of it. In a
postmodernism we can generally tell the difference between religion and science. Postmodernism is
constructed by a political, social, and historical perceptions. Therefore, their nothing can be
competently explained by the sorted of any grand theories, ideas, or narratives. It's always self–
referential and ironic. Postmodernism is the way we used to critique certain things work or the way
certain things are. Postmodern

Modernism began at the end of the civil war and ended (at least on an intellectual level) when the
USA dropped the first atomic bomb. Modernism, whether it has to do with visual art, music or
literature, gets its meaning from the idea that truth derives from effort. If one looks at the Empire
State Building, a modernist building, one can see that it starts about a block wide at its base and
tapers to a spire at the very top. This spire is the culmination of tremendous effort, it is truth. Once
humans realized that everything we had worked towards can be wiped out in an instant, something
snapped and some began to think "what's the point?". That idea culminated with "Well, why even
work hard for truth? Truth should be what is immediately evident." That was the beginning of the
Postmodernist movement. Postmodernism rejects the idea that any text or product or media is
inherently more valuable than any other. Culture is a snake eating its own tail. Everything old is new
again. Everything deserves to be viewed as art. Everything deserves an audience to consume it. With
Modernism, you only get to truth, enlightenment and value through work. With Postmodernism, you
don't have to do that at all. Everything is beautiful how it is. But if everything's beautiful, nothing's
beautiful. And therein lies the snake eating its own tail. Postmodernism inevitably goes around in
circles, but that does not have to be a bad thing.
Postmodernism in the realm of visual art was a direct rebellion

Postmodernism And Modernism
Intro:
"I have seen all the things that are done under the sun; all of them are meaningless, a chasing after
the wind." Meaningless is what our postmodern world has become. As a consequence of excessive
political correctness and the removal of certainty and discernment, postmodernism has caused the
deterioration of the western world and its values. The absolutes of pre–modernism and the
traditional logic of modernism are tossed aside for postmodernism's relative truth and feelings based
logic.
Paragraph one, reason one:
"You do you" says postmodernist. "There is no absolute truth, truth is relative or subjective and is
different for everyone. " Postmodernism seeks to remove all absolutes so that the only absolute that
there is: that there are no absolutes. There is no definition of postmodernism as any set definition of
it, would be an absolute. When there is no certainty, no absolute truth, why do we continue? Why do
we continue to live and hold onto any ideas or morality? If truth is subjective we have no meaning
and no purpose. You may believe your meaning is to have as much fun as you can, make millions of
dollars or to have many friends. So what? Does that make you fulfilled and why do you need to be
fulfilled? There must be absolute truth for without it, "enjoyment" in life, is meaningless. Through
the pre–modernism era, the western world and our laws were formed and built upon the absolute
truth of the christian God. With modernism and now postmodernism, the

Examples Of Modernism In Grendel
One literary period that I observed throughout chapter 9 of Grendel is Modernism. Modernism
happened between the Victoria Era and Postmodernism where the authors look at chaos to find
meaning, but denies intelligent rationalization and spiritual principles. In Grendel, it shifted a
transition where people have no certainty about the chaos. Instead, they try to search for meaning in
order to find the reality. One example of Gardner's use of modernism is when Hrothulf claimed: "In
the old days, they used to kill virgins. Religion is sick" (Gardner, p.128). Grendel responded, "It is
true; there is no conviction in the old priests' songs; there is only showmanship. No one in the
kingdom is convinced that the gods have life in them. The weak observe ... Show more content on
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He is depressed about what he experience, only to conclude that humanity will fade away. Despite
the fate of man to die, the narrator depended on his faith that God will rescue him from the natural
world; he envision the natural world will soon fade. With these two references, it embodies a
worldview that life here on Earth is never guaranteed. In modernism, people today search the
question about what happens after death, what is the meaning of life, and why I exist. These
questions develop the minds of people to rationalize the facts and to experience the true reality
themselves. In essence, they are looking for the real reality, only to find a purpose to live here on
Earth. Even though Ork's priests didn't believe him that he spoke with Grendel, he fully knows the
truth about Grendel that most of the Danes don't know. As a result, they are left in the cave,
wondering and pondering about life without having the audacity to look at life. Instead, their mere
existence is futile on Earth. John Gardner implemented modernism to show that people's
worldviews are influenced, only to search for the true meaning of

Modernism In Modern Poetry
Modernism by definition is "a style or movement in the arts that aims to depart significantly from
classical and traditional forms". A movement which is undoubtedly a reflection of the fragmented
and collapsing Europe at the beginning of the 20th century, Modernism was a reaction to the world
in which it existed. Subsequent to the overly imaginative and emotive era of Victorianism,
Modernism was indeed a dramatic movement away from the changing values and ideas of the
Victorian world. What Modernist Literature essentially evoked in its audience was a sense of
dissolution with the world, a world which it believed held traditions in literature, art, science,
religion, among countless others, which were seen as incompatible with the current social ... Show
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High Modernist Art was essentially born out of a conflated sense of both apocalyptic hopelessness
following The Great War, but also a desperate sense of hopefulness for the future. What is created
from this hope is this "panicky search for distraction or higher meaning" which we see quite
evidently in "The Waste Land". One such section of the poem which demonstrates this search for
meaning is in the first section "The Burial of the Dead". Switching between a number of different
narrators, this first section addresses much of the aforementioned devastation and destruction caused
after World War One and the search for meaning which followed it. Beginning with an aristocratic
voice, Eliot uses the first speaker to conjure up a set of memories from a pre–war era, set perhaps in
the Austro–Hungarian Empire with the speaker bearing some Royal patronage "And when we were
children, staying at the arch–duke's, My cousin's". Where this search for meaning is seen here is in
the speakers overall disillusionment with a world so far detached from what they had previously
existed in. What was once a time which "kept us warm, covering Earth in forgetful snow, feeding a
little life with dried tubers", now only bears bleakness and severity, made clear through the poem's
opening line "April is the cruellest month". The speaker is no doubt lost in a world

Postmodernism And Modernism: An Analysis
Postmodernism was a reaction against the modernism philosophical values and assumptions.
Although many agree that there is a thin line between modernism and postmodernism,
postmodernism is not modernism. In modernism, scientific theories were used to determine what is
true. However, postmodernism allows individuals to question the theories and not take them as facts
(Duignan, 2014). While modernism emphasized on objectivism, postmodernism allows extensive
subjectivism in all aspects of life.
The main features of a postmodernist are that he or she is overly subjective, sensitive towards the
role of ideology in assertion and maintenance of political and economic power. On the other hand, a
modernist for example, there exists objective natural ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The postmodernists made popular culture an essential part of their artwork. The postmodern artists
created worldly objects of consumerism while using irony and humour to transform soft forms and
cultural icons. Postmodern artists used industrial materials to make objects reminiscent of industrial
lines. Popular culture was commercialized and become mainstream.
To that end, the postmodernism can be said have stretched the work of art. Looking at the
postmodernism from the art perspective, it is clear that it was a revolutionary. It was not meant to do
away with modernism but to renovate and reunite it. It brought in the aspect of freedom in art. While
modernism locked out minority races from art, postmodernism was all inclusive and opened the
doors for everybody. Postmodernism looked at modernism beliefs and assumptions about art as
punitive especially those concerning authenticity and originality and discriminative especially those
that saw minority races as

Modernism Is a Prodigious Movement
Modernism was a prodigious movement in England and America during the period between 1860 to
the 1970s. It was developed as a literary stance that responded to Victorian aesthetic moral precepts
and literary techniques. It permeated many disciplines, from which included literature and
philosophy. The concept of Modernism is widely expressed throughout poetry literature. Wystan
Hugh Auden and William Carlos Williams, were from the first few who endorsed modernist views
through their written work. Auden's poem, "Stop all The Clocks," publicly declared his
homosexuality which, at that time was extremely subversive and prohibited. Likewise, In "This is
Just to Say," Carlos Williams breaks away from the standardised complexity of traditional poetry
and expresses his sentiment through utter simplicity that mayn't have appeared to be of any value. In
consequence, both poems are able convey modernist concepts through which render detached views
from the society's norm in the early 20th century.
The opening of a new decade in the 20th century, had brought on a new era of vista of human
prospects. It put into question previously accepted means in consequence of evaluating and
assessing the worth of new ideas. It was a new approach to society's standardised conceptions, and
was marked by experimentation and manipulation through the apprehension that knowledge is not
absolute. "Modernism released us from the constraints of everything that had gone before with a
euphoric sense of

Postmodernism : Modernism And Postmodernism
Modernism and Postmodernism are both two important eras in design. Postmodernism takes a lot of
concepts from the modernism era. Both modernism and post modernism focus on Style, Social
analysis, Cultural Context, Philosophy, Politics, Human experience, Machine aesthetics, and the
constant transformation of the "New". An interesting fact of the Modernism and Postmodernism is
the use of the psychology and philosophy themes 1. Subjectivity 2.History 3. Culture and 4.
Theoretically divers aesthetics and ideologies. What differentiates the two from each other is the
postmodernism is more politically resistant, deconstructive, absent, uses the Signifier, Anarchy, and
Dadaist. In comparison to Modernism, which is more romantic, Symbolic, about Form for its
purpose, Hierarchy, Creation, Metaphor and Signified. This essay will talk about the influence of
modernism on postmodern design using Wolfgang Weingart, Atelier Populaire posters and
comparing it to Moholy Nagy's' posters of modernism. The two designs selected from the Eskilson
Textbook Graphic Design a New History on postmodernism are The Swiss Poster, 1984 offset
Lithograph by Wolfgang Weingart and The Struggle Continues, 1968 by Atelier Populaire. The
modernist designs selected from Moholy Nagy is Painting Photography Film, 1927 Book jacket. To
begin we will look at postmodern design and their aesthetics, technical context, Technology of
production and the message of the artworks. Postmodernism was full of emotion and had

Conventions Of Modernism
The Modernism literary period represented a paradigm shift for breaking established traditions of
the previous centuries. Modernism has no definitive starting point but can be argued to have begun
in the early 1900s to the mid–1900s. However, rather than optimism, the focus of many writers
revolved around pessimistic ideas that saw the faults in humanity. In order to break conventions,
many different writing styles emerged in search of uniqueness. The literary period of Modernism
characterizes around its starting circumstances, beliefs, and famous works.
Modernism rose to prominence in the early years of the twentieth century with the "horrors of World
War I" being the "catalyst" to the reformation in beliefs (Rahn, "Modernism"; Lorcher ... Show more
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A prime example is James Joyce, who brings together a unique writing style abandoning standard
elements of fictions and explores the human mind in Ulysses. The Waste Land by T. S. Eliot also
strays from convention as well as incorporates it in biblical–like verses and references that focus on
the "emptiness of Industrialism" (Rahn, "Modernism"; Lorcher "Modernism in Literature"). Another
example is Ford Madox Ford's The Good Soldier that analyzes war's consequences. Each example
incorporates the defining characteristics of Modernism whether in being unconventional, analytical,
or displaying negativity.
The Modernism Period in English defines itself in starting circumstances, beliefs, and famous
works. In essence, the inspiration from war and society's advances led the way to new beliefs and
changes in perception of the world. Nevertheless, the beliefs brought on from negativity often
burgeons more negativity while the truth is thought as relative. Furthermore, famous works such as
Ulysses, The Waste Land, and The Good Soldier present unmistakable aspects of the Modernism
Period. Revelations allow one to break from old

Victorianism Versus Modernism
Matias Gutierrez
Mrs. Smith
World Literature
21 December 2012 OLD*******8
Victorianism in The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde and Modernism in The Metamorphosis
Victorianism is about how the individual could improve the society. They believed that a good
individual could make the society better as a whole and therefore improve life. Victorians focused
on science and the desire for extremely realistic portrayal of life in both literature and art. Some
aspects of Victorian thinking were retained while others were discarded in a new movement called
Modernism. Modernists focus on the individual but have the view that humans are beings without
free will and that they do not look for guidance within them, but instead are driven by ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde showed people that being a good person is the best
thing to do for society and for the individual.
The reason Jekyll is a good example to show the Victorian qualities of science exploration and the
effects the individual has on the world is explained by Masao, " In this society of respectables Dr.
Jekyll stands out as "the very pink of the proprieties"(Chap. 1). Although his studies, like those of
Faust and Frankenstein before him, tend toward "the mystic and the transcendental" (Ch. 10), he still
manages to maintain a considerable scientific reputation. And yet, despite Jekyll's social role–in
fact, because of it–it is Jekyll who brings for Mr. Hyde." (Masao 470–480) Masao explains why
Jekyll underwent his transformation and how science heavily influenced his thinking to try this
experiment. Masao also explains that science is possible through the well–mannered people of the
time and their questioning of ways to improve society. The Modernism Period was about the
individual and that the individual could not really change society. The Modernist literary period was
marked by the reactions and sentiments towards global change and tragedy. The Modernist
movement began around 1890 and lasted to 1945. Now during this time the World Wars wreaked
havoc on the most culturally, technological, and industrialized parts of the world; which caused
people to want to create

Modernism Versus Postmodernism
Modernism vs. Postmodernism
Post–modernism follows and shares many of the same ideas as modernism. Though, at the same
time, they differ in many ways. These distinctions can be seen in the two works of literature, "Death
of a Salesman" by Arthur Miller and "Glengarry Glen Ross" by David Mamet. "Death of a
Salesman" represents the modernist literature. Modernism is a style of literature that came about
after World War I in Europe. It emerged in the United States in the late 1920s. Modernism was the
response to the commotion, which occurred during World War I. The narrator in the play is limited
and omniscient; he or she observes the thoughts and actions of Willy, Biff, and other central
characters in the story, a type of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the play, it is seen that money drives people to do crazy things and only leads to their downfall.
Postmodernism proves to embrace the low culture, where the idea of elite, power, and money is not
as important. Trying to make meaning becomes impossible and repressive and millions die in desire
to create a great collective. Postmodernism is more accepting in regards to chaos. The idea of being
okay in a world where there are no universal truths had become accepted. This can be seen in the
play, because no characters are represented as true. They are living in a false world. This false world
is made up of a false business with false leads and false people trying to sell them. When Shelly
steals the leads, he is not doing anything different, because the leads are non–existent, imaginary
properties that he stole to steal the money of other people, so in reality he is not stealing something
of value and can relate to the rest of the characters. With this example, it is also seen that sympathy
flows around. Mamet allows reader's to like and relate to Shelley in some instances, like when he
needs the money for his daughter, but at the same time Marnet allows us to dislike Shelley at some
instances, because of his lying, scamming, and stealing. Our sympathy moves for different

A Brief Look at Modernism
Modernism was a prevalent movement and developed an era in the twentieth century that shaped the
coming decades and Western ideas. Stemming from World War I, its culture, art and philosophy
reveals the mindset of modernity and how the historical events of that time influenced life and
society. T.S. Eliot was a part of the literary and artistic movement called Modernism, which can be
seen best in his poem "The Waste Land." The concept of the wasteland was a powerful one to his
generation. His poem depicts an image of the modern world through the perspective of "the
common man" finding himself hopeless and confused about the condition of society. The poem
paints a picture of a disjointed and desolate world through apparent confusion and chaos that that is
achieved through fragments and allusions. "The Waste Land" demonstrates the present–day
wasteland as a metaphor of modern Europe to depict the loss of culture and history that was suffered
due to the war. Arguably, the most important aspect of the poem is its fragmented nature used to
depict a post World War I wasteland. Rather than using facts to show the state of Europe, Eliot uses
several poetic elements to convey this, particularly the allusive and obscure to paint an image of
physical desolation of the war torn society and also communicate a sense of loss and despair. The
image of London, in the first section "The Burial Dead," gives a sense of the trauma and cultural
desolation caused by the war. The narrator,

Modernism And Modernism Essay
The sixties was an era of radical change. With the Civil Rights movement, Vietnam War, the
assassinations of President Kennedy and Martin Luther King, plus the success of the moon landing,
people all around the world and especially in the United States were beginning to see a change in the
world itself and the minds of the people in it. The sudden ability to receive messages from across
oceans and the ability to travel internationally much safer and quicker also changed the way people
looked at themselves and their fellow neighbors. The Norton Anthology of World Literature Vol. F
explains this: "At the beginning of the twentieth century, the world was interconnected as never
before. New means of transportation, such as the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The main purpose is to understand the two philosophies, and how they effected the period in which
they were born. From doing this, we can show the impact of them effected not only in the sixties,
but also today. The first genre of fiction that was born during these times was Postmodernism. Its
predecessor, Modernism, also came from the events that were happening around the world,
especially through the newfound interconnectedness with different nations through new
technological communications, and through easier and safer travel. Through this, the world
experienced a change in its thinking, interpreting, and defining. This is explained better through The
Norton Anthology of World Literature Vol. F: "Writers around the world responded to these
cataclysmic events with an unprecedented wave of literary experimentation, known collectively as
modernism, which linked the political crises with a crisis of representation– a sense of that the old
ways of portraying the experience were no longer inadequate. The modernists therefore broke away
from such conventions as standard plots, verse forms, narrative techniques, and the boundaries of
genre." (Norton Anthology of World Literature Vol. D) It was through this genre that Postmodernism
was born of. When other problems began to settle and others began to rise, its birth changed things
even further than its predecessor. Looking at its definition found in Magil 's Survey of

Postmodernism : Modernism And Postmodernism
This paper outlines, argues and evaluates the key ideas used in debates about modernism and
postmodernism. In order to understand and evaluate the key ideas the terms modernism and
postmodernism had to be defined. I found much difficulty in finding a clear and concise definition
of the two terms and so I researched and formed a train of thoughts into one definition. Modernism,
beginning in the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century within Europe and America,
was a movement mainly pioneered by artists who focused on the separation of their craft from the
status quo of the society during that period mainly by the use of experimentation with content, form
and materials (Long & Wall, 2012). Many believe that the basic principles of modernism can be
derived from the Idea of Progress, which emerged in the 18th century Age of Enlightenment with
the idea that people themselves could develop and change their society.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modernization_theory, 2014). The post modernism term was much
harder to explain and so in addition to outlining and evaluating the key ideas of postmodernism I
have also highlighted the works and examples of the theorist Jean Baudrillard and the artist Marcel
Duchamp, among others, to further explain the term post modernism. This paper is separated into
five subtopics where I go in–depth into each category so as to give a fair analysis and evaluation on
both modernism and post modernism.
Modernism vs. Postmodernism
As previously

Minuet In Modernism
A Minuet in Modernism: A Study of Modernism as a Radical Form of Literature, superimposed with
the exploration of the literary prowesses of Virginia Woolf and Katherine Mansfield in juxtaposition
In his seminal lecture on Modernism in Architecture at McGill University School of Architecture on
21 October 2000, Arthur Erickson espoused Modernism as an artistic movement that "released
[society] from the constraints of everything that had gone before with a euphoric sense of freedom"
(Erickson, 2000). Modernism, as an artistic movement, is defined as a genre that aimed to transcend
and subvert the limitations of traditional literary conventions of the Romantic, Realist and Victorian
literary movements, and eagerly championed for new and innovative experimentation in both form
and style (Cooper, pg. 9). Flowered into Society by ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
150). Defined by Oxford as a "literary style in which a character's thoughts, feelings, and reactions
are depicted in a continuous flow uninterrupted by objective description or conventional dialogue",
Prof. John Lye suggests that the vestiges of 'Impressionism' in modernist literature contributed
significantly to an intimate presentation of "the texture or process of structure of knowing and
perceiving" (Lye, 1997). Albert Einstein's theory of relativity renounced the concept of "universal
time" and theorised that experience is both a subjective and an intrapersonal experience. Einstein's
concept of relativity coincided with the Modernist narrative, and helped attribute to new and
abundant artistic forms expressed in this new locus of subjectivity ("Modernism Characteristics",

Modernism In A Soldier's Home
Modernist literature began between 1915–1935, writers mainly wrote fiction this is because they
started to question what the future was going to bring since they were living through both World
War. Modernists wrote their stories in first person which made their stories seem like a stream of
consciousness, irony and satires. This type of literature was mainly written in English and became
well known due to the increase of globalization, which was more about how the people felt about
the events going on and how the people were affected in other words it spoke from the inner self of
the writer. Many famous writers including Ernest Hemingway, Langston Hughes, and F. Scott
Fitzgerald believed that the increase in new technology was leading to the decrease in civilization
which was making individuals lonely. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This story is an example of modernism because the theme Hemingway created was that of
loneliness, isolation and alienation this is because Krebs was suffering with post–war trauma and
depression this is because the soldier is having problems adapting to his new life after war.
Hemingway stated that "By the time Krebs returned to his home town in Oklahoma the greeting of
heroes was over. He came back much too late." The townspeople have already celebrated the
soldiers safe trip back home they didn't celebrate Krebs because the townspeople thought it was
ridiculous he was back years after the war had ended. This an example of modernism because he
explains the struggle of a soldier who tried to make a life after serving in the

Modernism And Modernism

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