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1. The Impact Of Postmodernism
Postmodernism was a reaction against the modernism philosophical values and assumptions. Although many agree that there is a thin line between
modernism and postmodernism, postmodernism is not modernism. In modernism, scientific theories were used to determine what is true. However,
postmodernism allows individuals to question the theories and not take them as facts (Duignan, 2014). While modernism emphasized on objectivism,
postmodernism allows extensive subjectivism in all aspects of life.
The main features of a postmodernist are that he or she is overly subjective, sensitive towards the role of ideology in assertion and maintenance of
political and economic power. On the other hand, a modernist for example, there exists objective natural reality which is independent of human beings,
their practices and relationships (Duignan, 2014). Such realities...show more content...
In reaction, it furthered inclusion, freedom, and cooperation in the society. Although it lacks clear doctrine, the distinction noticeable between the
1860s to 1950s and 1950s to date is clear evidence that there was and still there is such movement as postmodernism. Postmodernists qualify their
theoretical position as advocating for inclusivity and democracy in the society because of their keenness to recognize unjust enlightenment and
challenging it with equally valid perspectives.
References
Duignan, B. (2014, May 14). Postmodernism philosophy. Retrieved January 27, 2018, from www.britannica.com/topic/postmodernism–philosophy
Jenkins, S. (2018). Postmodern Art Definition Overview and Analysis. Retrieved January 27, 2018, from http://www.theartstory.org
/definition–postmodernism.htm
Lyotard, J. (2001). Answering the Question: What is Postmodernism? Postmodern Debates, 53–62. doi:10.1057/978–1–137–04505–8_5
Sim, S. (2012). Routledge Companion to Postmodernism. Florence: Taylor and
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2. An Overview of Postmodernism Essay
The political climate at the beginning of the 1940's and the changes taking place all around the world drastically influenced the face of
contemporary society. The invasion of Poland by Germany on 1st of September 1939 was the first stone thrown in the face of freedom of expression
and liberty out of the many that followed for the next decades. The dawn of the Second World War was one of the premises that forced many
European artists, pioneers par excellence in their field, through their French or German inherited status, to immigrate across the ocean. Due to the
exile, the art centre also moved overseas, from Paris to New York, offering a new opportunity for American art to be the initiator in what was generally
accepted as the new...show more content...
This description is trying to clearly position postmodernism in a specific time frame and outline its main characteristics. However, when consulting the
Macmillan Dictionary (2010) the description offered is significantly less conclusive:
"ideas, attitudes, or styles of art, literature, or thinking that have developed after modernism, often as a reaction against "
The main accent is set on the chronological aspect of postmodernism and its logical and historical flow offering the reader not enough information to
identify a clear period or any particular feature. Only by comparing the two definitions, a very small part of the available explanations on the subject,
and at the same time reading them together one can identify one of the main components of the movement: diversity in all its aspects. The difference
in these definitions is not just a simple coincidence and should be taken as a figure of speech for the description of the entire period. During this time
critics and writers, artists and architects etc. have tried to find a proper explanation for the changes they were being part of, concretised in what became
known as Postmodernism.
During the 1960s 'attacks' started appearing against the elitism shown by modernism. One of the first voices pointing at modernism's faults was the
poet Karl Shapiro , who in 1959 in an article for The Times Book
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3. Essay On Postmodernism
The concept of postmodernism is complex in that it does not share a common stream of thoughts but rather plays individual idea of post modernism
into different parts of fields. According to A Reader's Guide to Contemporary Literary Theory by Raman Selden, "some see it as simply the
continuation and development of modernist ideas, while others have seen in postmodern art a radical break with classical modernism." Depending on
which field it is being applied on, postmodernism shows unalike features of trends. In architecture, literature, art, film, and more, postmodernism has
shown distinct and unique identity. In literature, there is no clear beginning and endings as did in modernistic literature. The meaning of the literature
is not to be found and meaningless in that postmodernism bases its root on ontological uncertainty....show more content...
In postmodernism, there may or may not be a moral which may change depending on the context of both the reader and writer. In architecture,
double–coding, combination of the traditional style and contemporary context was brought to light. Piazza d'Italia in New Orleans, Die Neue
Staatsgalerie in Stuttgart are examples of this. In art the destruction of the distinction between commercial culture and the elite culture was
emphasized. The mass crowd were made to more easily access the works of art which the modernists considered exclusive to the elite. Postmodernism
has rejected traditional values and ideas in its own way in various fields, so the definition of postmodernism cannot be reduced down into one line.
Since the rise of postmodernism was in objection to the boundaries and limits of the tradition, it may be that postmodernism cannot be cleared down
into a single
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4. Postmodern Art Essay
Postmodern art decided to make revolutionary break with past and questioned previous theories known as "big narratives" of art, politics, economics
and overall culture in order to create new theories. The big part of postmodern theory deals with the belief of preexistence of the art all around us. The
artist is the one who can recognize these elements of art around as and synthesize them into the art work. This art work becomes object of interpretation
which inevitably varies among different generations, social groups, national group, religious groups, and depends on some extent of the educational
level of the observers and it is also different in the same individual in different times or environments. The different interpretations of...show more
content...
In another words Borges through his character, Pierre Menard, primarily examined the terms of the originality, inspiration, and innovation in the
art. Borges argues for strong mutual connections between the written work (art work) and the reader (observer) and written work (art) and the
creator. He created his fictional world in which he unfolded the story encompassing his philosophy of art, self examined it from different angles
without a fear of overestimating values of his own work because he is just objectively praising Pierre Menard's artistic product. In the story Pierre
Menard presents two options how he could write his Quixote. The first option is that he, Pierre Menard, will become Cervantes, in that way that he
will learn to speak 17th century Spanish, he will learn the history and examine the circumstances that were surrounding Cervantes while he was
writing his Quixote. Of course, this option is denied as impossible (ironically, Borges says it too easy.) The second option, for Menard, is to write his
own, Quixote; The Quixote that will, in its appearance, resemble the "original" work, but in its core will be completely different piece. Menard will
become different Cervantes, do it through his own experience and knowledge. In this way, he will not only distinguish his "The Quixote" from the "Don
Quixote," but Menard still will stay himself. Menard intended to create The Quixote by his own means (talent, brain power, experience) so that it
would be
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5. Postmodernism Essay
Postmodernism Postmodernism blends old themes with new contemporary issues to create beautiful artwork that commands, questions, and captivates
all viewers to participate in discovering its inner meaning. Along with an inner meaning and beauty, it was used as a form of communication that was
directed towards social, political, and cultural problems within the world. An architect Robert Stern states, " The fundamental shift to post–modernism
has to do with the reawakening of artists in every field to public responsibilities of art. Once again art is being regarded as an act of communication."
(Wilkin, Schultz, Linduff, "Art Past Art Present, p.579) The postmodern era emancipated its artists from old traditional barriers that...show more
content...
His style is unique in that he chooses five major squares to encapsulate her face, but also used many little squares of various colors to blur her image.
Jean resembles traditional art by making the center square a focal point. Again mixing the old with a new twist.
Thematically it represents to me a person with several different faces each with different personality within one formed entity. Jean's Mona Lisa breaks
down the cultural barriers that separate different cultures of today. Perhaps each square represents one or many different cultures striving for
completeness and unity, which is represented by the middle image, which could be another translation. Politically it represents freedom of choice and
democracy, which has come a long way since early 1900's. Each person in the image has their own opinion and when each opinion is combined and
agreed upon then the real power lies within numbers. Which is how are political structure is structured. One person chosen by election to represent the
majority.
Another artist of the postmodern era is a poet name Octavio Paz born in 1914–1999 in Mexico. Paz along with many others believed that language
could make oneself be very expressive. His poem called "To Talk" expresses the feeling that mortal man has special powers that no other being even the
gods do not possess. If this poem was written back in the medieval or early times Paz would have been persecuted
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6. Essay on Postmodern condition
1. What is meant by the 'postmodern condition'? Postmodernism can be called "a condition of contemporary culture", it is a modern movement which
is strong, ambiguous, very popular and controversial. However, it is very difficult to explain the term because there is no full clarity what the term
really means. As one can read in The Condition of Postmodernity it is "a mine–field of conflicting notions" and "a battleground of conflicting opinions
and political forces". There are so many interpretations, definitions and evaluations of the term that it is hardly possible to build a coherent definition,
or to be brave enough to attempt to describe it. Almost everyone has a different opinion about it, advocate "for" or "against" or are...show more content...
One of the hyperreality images and the world of imagination (Baudrillard writes) is Disneyland, which is the perfect model of all those confusing
orders of simulation. It is primarily a game of illusions and phantasms. Imaginary world of Disneyland is neither true nor false. It is a space of
regeneration of the world of imagination, reminiscent of a recycling factory. Thus, the world of the imagination of children and adults is a rubbish,
the first great civilization hyper real pollution. Disneyland is a prototype of this new feature on the mental area. As one can read in Simulacra and
Simulation "It is no longer a question of a false representation of reality (ideology) but of concealing the fact that the real is no longer real, and thus of
saving the reality principle".
Another example of " flipping " a deeper reality by its overriding, and then hiding its deficiencies, through breaking any relations with it and finally
achieving the status of its simulacrum, completely emancipated from the power of what is real is the Sokal hoax. Sokal saw a marked reduction in the
standards of intellectual reliability in some American humanistic academic circles. That is why he decided to do the "experiment", which consisted in
checking whether the leading American journal dedicated to cultural research will publish a text full of nonsense, if it only sound good. It turned out
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