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Aspek Botani Dan Morfologi Tanaman Kelapa Sawit
Kelapa sawit merupakan tanaman dengan batang kolumnar tunggal yang memiliki
karakteristik berbeda dengan kelapa (Cocos nucifera), yaitu berkaitan dengan sudut
penyisipan tidak teratur sepanjang malai daun (Hartley 1988). Kelapa sawit termasuk biji
berkeping satu atau monokotil, suku Cocoideae, genus Cocos dan famili Palmae (Hardon
1995). Nama genus Elaeis mencerminkan isi buah kelapa sawit yang berminyak (dari elaion,
bahasa Yunani untuk minyak), dan guineensis mengacu pada asal-usul kelapa di pedalaman
Teluk Guinea di Afrika Barat (Jacquemand 1998). Pengetahuan tentang botani kelapa sawit
penting untuk manajemen agronomi yang tepat.
Tanaman kelapa sawit diklasifikasikan sebagai berikut:
Divisi : Embryophyta siphonagama
Kelas : Angiospermae
Ordo : Monocotyledonae
Family : Arecaceae
Subfamili : Cocoideae
Genus : Elaeis
Spesies : 1. E.guineensis jacq
2. E. oleifera (H.B.K ) Cortes
3. E. odora
Varietas/Tipe : Digolongkan berdasarkan :
1. Tebal tipisnya cangkang (endocarp) : dikenal ada tiga varietas/tipe, yaitu Dura, Pisifera,dan
Tenera.
2. Warna buah : dikenal tiga tipe yaitu Nigrescens, Virescens, dan Albescens
Aspek Botani Dan Morfologi Kelapa Sawit

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Tanaman kelapa sawit

  • 1. Aspek Botani Dan Morfologi Tanaman Kelapa Sawit Kelapa sawit merupakan tanaman dengan batang kolumnar tunggal yang memiliki karakteristik berbeda dengan kelapa (Cocos nucifera), yaitu berkaitan dengan sudut penyisipan tidak teratur sepanjang malai daun (Hartley 1988). Kelapa sawit termasuk biji berkeping satu atau monokotil, suku Cocoideae, genus Cocos dan famili Palmae (Hardon 1995). Nama genus Elaeis mencerminkan isi buah kelapa sawit yang berminyak (dari elaion, bahasa Yunani untuk minyak), dan guineensis mengacu pada asal-usul kelapa di pedalaman Teluk Guinea di Afrika Barat (Jacquemand 1998). Pengetahuan tentang botani kelapa sawit penting untuk manajemen agronomi yang tepat. Tanaman kelapa sawit diklasifikasikan sebagai berikut: Divisi : Embryophyta siphonagama Kelas : Angiospermae Ordo : Monocotyledonae Family : Arecaceae Subfamili : Cocoideae Genus : Elaeis Spesies : 1. E.guineensis jacq 2. E. oleifera (H.B.K ) Cortes 3. E. odora Varietas/Tipe : Digolongkan berdasarkan : 1. Tebal tipisnya cangkang (endocarp) : dikenal ada tiga varietas/tipe, yaitu Dura, Pisifera,dan Tenera. 2. Warna buah : dikenal tiga tipe yaitu Nigrescens, Virescens, dan Albescens
  • 2. Aspek Botani Dan Morfologi Kelapa Sawit