1. 5G
Research Point of View
Base Station Conference 2013
Oct 1st 2013, London
Dr Shahram G Niri
General Manager, 5GIC (5G Innovation Centre)
CCSR, University of Surrey

2. Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this presentation
are those of the author / presenter and do not necessarily reflect
the official position of the CCSR or 5GIC.

3. Introduction to CCSR & 5GIC
CCSR: Centre for Communication Systems Research
 Established 15 years ago, a leading international communications
research centre based at the University of Surrey
 Europe’s largest academic research group in mobile
communications technology
 Over 160 research active personnel and research income of over
£100m to date
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Photo for illustration purpose only
5GIC: 5G Innovation Center
 A successful funding bid made by the University of Surrey to
the UK Research Partnership Investment Fund (UKRPIF)
 Supported by additional contributions from a consortium of
enthusiastic and forwarding-thinking operators, infrastructure
and solution providers (Founding Members)
 Will provide research and business engagement opportunities
for multinational companies and SME

4. Broadband/Mobile Broadband
the 4th Utility
Blurring boundaries and convergence of telecommunication,
information, broadcasting, media and publishing technologies
Services grow in diversity and richness of content -
personalization, adaptation and video addiction
Hyper Connectivity- More powerful and enabled devices
connected - Changes on the shape, size, capability and price
Ubiquitous ultra broadband high quality and affordable
communications (internet on the move) essential to the
functioning of modern life & society
Spectrum the blood line of mobile communication, finite
resource, scarce & expensive
Sustainability of mobile broadband business, ever increasing
traffic, high TCO and flattening ARPU
Mobile Broadband Outlook
Telecommunication at the heart of several industries
Transport, Utility, Education, Health & Commerce
4
+

5. Why 5G
Growing Population
Hyper Connectivity
Limited Resources
5G
Spectral
Efficiency
Spectrum
Base Station
Density
Advanced
Technologies
X
X
Higher
Capacity
Green
Technology
Cost
Efficiency
Area Spectral Efficiency
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Communication network to improve in
intelligence, efficiency , flexibility, automation, resilience, speed, latency, security,
privacy, Policies , delivery cost and business models
Quality of
Experience

6.  Modest increase in number of devices and usage
 Population density:
 Case F: UK mean
 Case D: UK Peak
 Case C: Office
 Case A: Inner London business
 Traffic growth: ~70% CAGR
 In 2020 depending on the environment
traffic per km2 (1.5 to 60 Gb/s/km2)
 UK needs ~ 15 - 20 x capacity (2013-2020)
 If traffic doubles every year then up to 4000 time traffic (2013-2025)
UK Traffic Prediction - 2020
5G will need to be designed not for 2020 but for 2030 capacity !
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Gb/s/km2
Traffic growth for cases A-F
Traffic - Case A
Traffic - Case C
Traffic - Case D
Traffic - Case F
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Gb/s/km2
Traffic growth for cases A-F (with WiFi off-load)
Traffic - Case A
Traffic - Case C
Traffic - Case D
Traffic - Case F
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7. New air interface
Spectrum & radio frequency, millimetre wave
New NW architecture
Intelligent & adaptive network
“enough data rate to give Infinite capacity perception for the user”
Quality of Experience
Device 2 device
Rethinking spectrum allocation, Spectrum sharing, reframing
Licensed &unlicensed operation
Integrated NW & services (Mobile+ Broadcast/Multicast)
Lowering TCO (cost per bit / km2)
Increasing life time of the products (delivering technology through SW)
Network sharing
Utility type operation
5G Challenges & Changes
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In addition to technology we need revisit some of the fundamental
aspects of the telecom policies and business models

8. 1980’S 1990’s 2000’s 2010’s 2020’s
1G
Voice
Digital
Data/PS
Full IP
Analogue
4G (LTE)
2010
Architecture
Efficiency
300 Mb/s
5G
2020 (?)
Spectral efficiency
Environment Friendly
Capacity
Cost effectiveness
QoE
Rel 99
W-CDMA
Rel 8
LTE
2G (GSM)
1990
Mobility
Roaming
9.6 Kb/s
2.5G
GPRS
100
Kb/s
3.5G
HSPA
42 Mb/s
LTE-A
1 Gb/s
3G (UMTS)
2003
Multi-media
2 Mb/s
Efficiency
X10 X200 ~ X 4k ~ X30 K ~ X100 k (?)
Rel x
Technology & Standards Evolution
Cellular standards are quick to
arrive and slow to leave
8 to 10 years between major new
standards
Average of 20 years from std to
peak deployment
4G ramp up began around 2011
“LTE now fastest growing mobile
tech ever in rollout terms” – GSA
5G is expected to be event faster
Next generation global standard around 2020
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Data rate increase

9. New Air Interface (Small Cells)
New waveforms
New duplexing
New MAC
Higher order modulation
Multi-cell cooperation
Interference cancelation / utilization
Massive MIMO / Distributed MIMO
Radio Frequency
Millimeter wave
New licensing regime
Licensed & unlicensed band operation
Spectrum sharing
Indoor-Outdoor operation
Cognitive radio and network
Opportunistic & adaptive use of resources
Spectrum sensing
Automated networks/ Plug & play
Lower and smarter use of energy
Mixed Cell & Het-Net management
Centralized RAN / Cloud RAN
SW Defined Radio (SDR) & Networks (SDN)
Separation of data & control planes
Integrated NW (Mobile+ broadcast/multicast)
Network sharing
High Level Research Challenges For 5G
New NW Architecture
The gap between anticipated traffic & available capacity is significant -
We will need to look at every possible technology enhancements
Intelligent & Adaptive Networks

10. 2G 3G 4G 5G (?)
Time Frame Standards 1990’s
4+ STDs
2000’s
2 STDs
2010’s
1 STD
2020’s
(?)
Commercialisation 1991-1995 2001-2004 2009-2012 2020-2023
Technology Air Interface
(Radio)
GSM
Digital, Mobility
UMTS
Multi media
LTE
Full IP
(?) - Spectral Efficiency
/ Area spectral efficiency
Multiple access
Carrier bandwidth
RT Delay
Spectral efficiency
TDMA
124 KHz
150 ms
-
WCDMA
5 MHz
50 ms
0.5-2 b/Hz/Cell
OFDMA&CS-OFDM
20 ->100 MHz
10 ms
4 – 8 / 10 b/Hz/cell
Small Cell / High frequency
100 Mhz -> higher
0.1-1 ms
10+ b/Hz/cell -> 50 Mb/s/km2
Data rate 9.6 - 100 kb/s
-> GPRS
2 - 42 / 100 Mb/s
-> HSPA+ & MC
300 Mb/s - 1 Gb/s
-> LTE-A
10 – 100 Gb/s
Asymmetric & balanced UL/DL
Transport TDM
Copper & MW
TDM/ATM
Copper & MW
IP/MPLS
Fiber & MW
IP/MPLS
Fiber, MW & mmW
Core NW CS Core CS and PS core All PS (Flat IP) SDN
Service Types Voice /SMS Voice &
Data/MMS
IP Voice & Data IP Voice & Data (HD, 3D, …)
TV (Broadcast & Multicast), D2D
Economics BSS cost High SDR
Service Pricing Voice and SMS
Usage based
Usage based ->
Unlimited/Capped
Unlimited/Capped OTT, Cloud
Free voice(?), Unlimited/Capped
Policy Spectrum L band
Licenced operation
L band
Licenced operation
L & S band
Licenced operation
Millimetre band (C, K, E, ….)
Licensed & unlicensed operation
Spectrum sharing
Overview - From 2G to 5G
What would the big leap, i.e. spectral efficiency,
date rate, quality, cost, others?

11. Field Trials
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020+
Commercial
Development & Testing
5G Research
5G Standard & Development Roadmap – Prediction!
 3G: Started in 1989, standards in 1999, commercial system in 2001-2003
 4G: Started in 2000, standards in 2008, commercial in 2010-2011
5G: Already started, standards in 2017+, commercial in 2020
Standardisation
Industry
Rel. 12
WRC 15
5G
Ever increasing demand for capacity in conjunction with the limited spectrum
availability will drive and speed up the 5G standardisation activities
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12. Thank You