the file is related to my online seminars over Instagram. this is first presentation about 5G 5G is the 5th generation mobile network. It is a new global wireless standard after 1G, 2G, 3G, and 4G networks. 5G enables a new kind of network that is designed to connect virtually everyone and everything together including machines, objects, and devices. #5G #5GNR #Massive MIMO #tactile_internet Join Us: inststagram.com/ali.nikfal1985

1. Towards 5G project
Ali Nikfal
2020-2021
Instagram: Ali.nikfal1985

2. CONTENTS
History of Mobile Communication
5G (Use case, Requirements and Architecture)
Migration and development options
Economy perspective and Statistical reports

4. Mobile Technology Evolution
Analog
Voice only, Limited
coverage and
mobility. Example:
AMPS
2G
Digital
Improved voice,
security, coverage.
SMS, data. Example
GSM, CDMA
3G
Mobile Data
Higher data rates,
smartphones,
better voice.
Example: HSPA /
HSPA+
4G
Mobile
Broadband
High speed data,
better
smartphones.
Example: LTE / LTE-
A
5G
eMBB, mMTC,
URLLC
Even higher speeds,
ultra-reliable, low
latency, high
connection density
1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
1G

5. Focus area for different technology generations

6. Comparison of 2G, 3G, 4G &5G technologies
Connection Speed, Latency & Density Comparison
2G 3G 4G 5G
Example only.
Not according to scale
Speed Latency Connection Density

7. Concepts

8. 5G → IMT-2020

12. 5G requirements vs Usage scenarios

13. 5G
1000x
Mobile Data
Volumes
10x-100x
Connected Devices
5x
Lower Latency
10x-100x
End-user Data Rates
10x
Battery Life for Low Power
Devices
Source: METIS
4G3G2G
5G is an end-to-end ecosystem to enable a fully mobile and connected
society

16. HIGH SPEED
TRAIN
NGMN 5G Use Cases Example
5G use case families and related examples
Ultra-reliable
communications
E-HEALTH
SERVICES
Broadcast-like
services
BROADCAST
SERVICES
Lifeline
communications
NATURAL
DISASTER
Extreme real-time
communications
TACTILE
INTERNET
Massive Internet
of Things
SENSOR
NETWORKS
Higher user
mobility
Broadband access
in dense areas
PERVASIVE VIDEO
Broadband access
everywhere
50+ MBPS
EVERYWHERE
50

17. NGMN: 5G Families, Categories & Use Cases
Use casesCategoriesFamilies
• Moving Hot Spots
• Sensor networks
• Mobile video surveillance
• Smart wearables (clothes)
Massive low-cost/long-range/low-power MTC
Broadband MTC
Massive
Internet of
Things
• 3D Connectivity: Aircrafts
Airplanes connectivity
• High speed train
• Remote computing
Mobile broadband in vehiclesHigh user
mobility
• Ultra-low cost networks
Ultra low-cost broadband access for low
ARPU areas
• 50 Mbps everywhere
50+Mbps everywhereBroadband
access
everywhere
Broadband access in a crowd • HD video/photo sharing in
stadium/open-air gathering
• Smart Office
Broadband
access in
dense area
Indoor ultra-high broadband access
Broadband access in dense area
• Pervasive video
• Operator cloud services
• Dense urban cloud services

18. NGMN: 5G Families, Categories & Use Cases
Use casesCategoriesFamilies
communication
Broadcast like services
• News and information
• Broadcast like services: Local,
Regional, National
Broadcast like
services
• eHealth: Extreme Life Critical
• Public safety
• 3D Connectivity: Drones
Ultra-high availability & reliability
Ultra-high reliability & Ultra low latency
Ultra-reliable
• Automatic traffic control-driving
• Collaborative robots
• Remote object manipulation –
Remote surgery
• Natural disasterResilience and traffic surge
Lifeline
communication
• Tactile internetBroadband access in dense area
Extreme real
time connection

19. Standardization status - 3GPP Timelines

21. “
”

22. “
”

23. “
”

24. 5G: Multiple Layers for multiple needs
Coverage Layer
Sub-1GHz
Capacity Layer
1GHz – 6GHz
High Throughput Layers
6GHz – 100GHz

25. Types of Small Cells
Rural

26. Examples of Small Cells

27. Mobile Towers or Macrocells

28. Cellular V2X Concept

29. 5G Connected Car: In-vehicle infotainment

30. Topological considerations
 NR offers the next step in the evolution of cellular performance, but at the cost of much
higher base station densities (and therefore much smaller cells).
 Using millimeter waves is now technologically feasible at reasonable complexity and cost.
 These mm wavelengths suffer poorer propagation characteristics compared with longer
wavelengths:
 high penetration loss
 reduced diffraction
 increased scattering
 increased reflection, even from “small” objects such as lamp-posts
 higher absorption by atmosphere
(rain, snow, fog, …), vegetation (leafy trees),
and even human bodies

31. 5G Coverage Footprint – Combination of Low and High Bands
Let’s make 3.7-4.2 GHz available
5G mm- 20 Gbps / 1000 MHz
waves
5G 3500
mMIMO
LTE-AWS
2 Gbps / 100 MHz
LTE700
5G600
200 Mbps
/ 10 MHz
IoT and critical
communication
with full coverage
10x capacity with
LTE grid with
massive MIMO
1000x local
capacity
• High bands for capacity
• Low band for IoT and low
latency critical communication

32.  These problems can be countered by …
 massive multiple input multiple output antenna arrays
8x8, 16x16, … 256x256 … (?)
 … which become feasible at these wavelengths, even in the mobile unit, offering dynamic
beamforming, allowing base stations to track moving mobiles, using low, but
concentrated, RF power output …
Topological considerations

33. Topological considerations
 … which become feasible at these wavelengths, even in the mobile unit, offering
dynamic beamforming, allowing base stations to track moving mobiles, using low,
but concentrated, RF power output …

34. Topological considerations
 … and hence permitting intelligent diversity using multipath reflections to
improve (rather than detract from!) performance, re-routing the beam around
obstacles;

35. Topological considerations
 “Dual Connectivity” (DC) whereby, near handover time, a mobile unit will be
connected to two base stations, ensuring seamless handover.

36. Topological considerations
 Coordinated multi-point connectivity (CoMP) – improvement near cell edge to
allow simultaneous connection to two or more base stations

37. Topological considerations
 Front-haul, back-haul, relay, side-haul

38. Topological considerations
 Front-haul, back-haul, relay, side-haul

39. Topological considerations
 Front-haul, back-haul, relay, side-haul

40. Topological considerations
 Fixed wireless access

45. ARCHITECTURE

49. EPC before CUPS (Control and User Plane Separation of EPC
nodes)

50. EPC after CUPS

51. 2G / 3G Mobile Network Architecture

52. 4G Mobile Network Architecture

53. 5G Mobile Network Architecture

54. MIGRATION AND DEVELOPMENT OPTIONS

56. Option 1: SA LTE connected to EPC - Legacy

57. Option 2: SA NR connected to 5GC

58. Option 3: Non-Standalone(NSA) NR, LTE assisted, EPC connected

59. Option 7: NSA LTE assisted NR connected to 5GC

60. Evolution Architecture: Non-Standalone (NSA)

61. 5G Deployment Options and Migration Strategy

62. Economic perspective and Statistical
reports

63. Data Traffic Growth
10 Times(2014-2020)
Global Mobile Market Growth

64. Global Mobile Economy

65. Mobile Traffic Growth

66. Estimated impact attributable to mmWave spectrum on GDP and Tax
revenue

67. Projected regional impact of mmWave spectrum by 2034

68. Key
challenges

69. Projected global contribution of mmWave spectrum to GDP by use case

72. References:
• 5G Resources – 3G4G
• Rel-15 announcement on Standalone NR – 3GPP, June 2018
• Working towards full 5G in Rel-16 – 3GPP Webinar, July 2018
• Submission of initial 5G description for IMT-2020 – 3GPP, Jan 2018
• NGMN Overview on 5G RAN Functional Decomposition, Feb 2018
• 5G NR Resources, Qualcomm
• Nokia: Translating 5G use cases into viable business cases, April 2017
• 5G Americas: LTE to 5G – Cellular and Broadband Innovation, August 2017
• GSMA: The 5G era: Age of boundless connectivity and intelligent
automation, Feb 2017
• GTI 5G Network Architecture White Paper, Feb 2018
• Deloitte/DCMS: The impacts of mobile broadband and 5G, June 2018
• NTT Docomo: 5G RAN Standardization Trends, Jan 2018