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ZBNF- Kunwar Kunal singh.pptx
1. Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture,
Technology and Science
Presented by
Kunwar Kunal Singh
Id- 21MSAGRO265
Presented To
Dr. Victor Debbarma,
Assistant Professor
Naini Agriculture institute Prayagraj U.P
Assignment of Organic Farming
Topic – Zero Budget Natural Farming
2. Zero Budget Natural Farming
Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZNBF) means raising crops without using any
fertilizers and pesticides or any other external materials. The word Zero Budget
refers to the zero cost of production of all crops.
ZBNF guides the farmers towards sustainable farming practices thus helps in
retaining soil fertility, to ensure a chemical free agriculture and ensure low cost
of production (zero cost) and thereby enhancing the farmers income.
3. HISTORY
First, the concept of Zero Budget Natural Farming was introduced by Subash
Palekar (Indian Agriculturist and Padma Shri Recipient) in the Mid-1990s.
Subash Palekar is known as the father of Zero Budget Natural Farming. He
developed it as an alternative to the Green Revolution methods. Subash Palekar
put the following points in support of Zero Budget Natural Farming:
Lakhs of farmers use the Zero Budget Natural Farming in various agro-climatic
zones and soil types.
Subhash Palekar
Indian agriculturist
4. ZBNF makes farming sustainable and profitable as well.
There is everything present in nature to grow a plant. No chemicals are
required to grow a plant.
A large number of farmers are already using Zero Budget Natural Farming as
a tool that can free them from defaults and debts.
He (Krishi ka Rishi) also awarded by many awards some are :
BASAVA SHRI AWARD(2005)
GOPAL GAURAV AWARD(2007)
PADMA SHRI (2016)
5. Need for Zero Budget Natural Farming
One of the biggest reasons behind the need for ZBNF was the rising cost of
the external inputs causing indebtedness and suicide among the farmers.
Additionally, the impact of chemicals on the soil is devastating.
The need for Zero Budget Natural Farming intensified because it promotes
farming that doesn’t require high production costs, it can break the debt cycle
for the small farmers. Furthermore, it doesn't take a toll on the environment.
Zero Budget Natural Farming promotes soul aeration, and intercropping, and
requires minimal watering, and bunds.
6. Principles of Zero Budget Natural Farming
No external inputs
Soil to be covered with crops 365
days (Living Root)
Minimal disturbance of Soil
Biostimulants as necessary catalysts
Use indigenous seed
Mixed cropping
Integration of trees into the farm
Water and moisture conservation
Integrate animals in to farming
Increase organic residues on the soil
Pest-management through botanical
extracts
No synthetic fertilizers, pesticides,
herbicides
7. Benefits
ZBNF processes require 50–60 per cent less water and less electricity (than
non-ZBNF) for all the selected crops.
ZBNF reduces methane emissions significantly through multiple aeration. It
also has the potential to avoid residue burning by practicing mulching.
The cost of cultivation is lower in ZBNF.
For all crops, ZBNF methods use between 50 and 60 per cent less water and
electricity compared to non-ZBNF methods.
8. Through multiple aerations, ZBNF greatly lowers methane emissions.
By using mulching, it is also possible to prevent the burning of residue.
The primary reason for debt and suicide amongst farmers is the rising expense
of external inputs (seeds, fertilisers, pesticides, and herbicides). Over half of all
farmers are in indebtedness, and nearly 70% of households in the agricultural
sector spend more than they make, according to data from the National Sample
Survey Office (NSSO).
9. The cost of production could be decreased and agriculture could be turned
into a “zero budget” endeavour since under ZBNF there is no requirement of
spending money or taking out loans for external inputs.
This will enable many small farmers to escape the debt cycle and pave the
way for the income of farmers to double.
As ZBNF is a completely chemical-free technique, it is environmentally
friendly and produces organic yields which fetch the farmers higher profits than
from normal agricultural yields.
10. Concerns with Zero Budget Natural Farming
Government spending is low: In 2018, the government introduced the Rashtriya
Krishi Vikas Yojana, a centrepiece programme for the Green Revolution, with
an appropriation of Rs 3,745 crore for the fiscal year 2019–20. While just Rs
325 crore was allotted to the Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana, which was
created to encourage organic farming and soil health.
After observing that their ZBNF yields began to decline after a few years, many
farmers switched back to conventional farming.
11. While ZBNF has unquestionably contributed to maintaining soil fertility, its
impact on increasing productivity and farmers’ income is still inconclusive.
The first organic state in India, Sikkim, has noticed some yield declines since
switching to organic farming.
The long-term effect and viability of the ZBNF Model should be properly
validated before it is widely pushed across the nation, according to
agricultural scientists.
13. JIWAMRITHA
Jiwamrita is not a fertilizer. There is no any need to apply any fertilizer for the
growth of the crops. No question arises to utilize any fertilizer. Because our
mother soil is originally ‘Annapurna’ i.e. full of nutrients. But these nutrients in
the soil are in that stage, in which the roots cannot take or absorb those nutrients.
That means, those nutrients are non- available for roots.
14. Some microorganisms, fungus and earthworms have a ability to convert those
non-available nutrients into available form. This soil biota i.e. useful
microorganisms, fungus and earthworms are activated only using this
Jiwamrita with irrigation water or Ghanjiwamrita at the sowing period to the
soil. Deshi cow dung (dropping) is the main base of Jiwamrita. Deshi cow
dung (Gomaya) is ocean of effective microorganisms, which are converters.
15. INGREDIENTS OF JIWAMRITA
Water 200 Litre
Deshi Cow Dung 10 Kg
Deshi Cow Urine 5 to 10 Litre
Jaggery OR
Sugarcane Juice OR
Ripen Fruit Pulp
1 to 2 Kg
4 Litre
1 Kg
Flour of any Pulses
(Beans, Black gram, Cowpea,
Bengal gram, Red gram,
Pigeon pea)
2 Kg
Soil from Bund of farm or
forest
One Handful
16. JIWAMRITA PREPARATION
STEP 1
Take 200
litres water in
a barrel for
one acre crop
utilization.
STEP 2
Add 10 kg Cow dung or with
cow dung mixture of bullock
or buffalo in that water. Mix
the deshi cow dung in that
water by the tips of your
fingers well.
STEP 3
Stir it
well by a
stick
clock
wise.
STEP 4
Then add
broken
small pieces
of Jaggery.
17. STEP 5
Again stir it
well.
STEP 6
Then Add
Pulses flour
in that
solution.
STEP 7
Then add Deshi cow
urine or urine of
bullock and buffalo
mixed with the Deshi
cow urine or human
urine with Deshi cow
urine.
STEP 8
Add handful
soil from the
bund or forest
in that
solution.
18. STEP
9
Stir it
well.
STEP
10
Keep
the
cover of
jute bag
on the
barrel.
STEP
11
Keep
this
solution
quite
stable
for
three
days to
ferment
.
STEP 12
During fermentation, the poisonous gases like
Ammonia, Methane, Carbon-mono-oxide,
Carbon dioxide, are emitted. Through the
holes of jute bag these gases are evacuated in
the atmosphere and aerobic fermentation
process is going on with the high speed. For
that purpose, we have utilized jute bag to
cover the barrel.
19. STEP 13
Stir this
solution
by the
branch
of tree
thrice a
day.
STEP 14
Keep the barrel
in shade or
shadow. Do not
expose
Jiwamrita to
straight
sunlight or rain.
STEP
15
Now
Jiwam
rita is
ready
for
utilizat
ion.
STEP 16
You can utilize
this Jiwamrita after three days.
Within three days, Jiwamrita is
totally saturated by microbial
count. This count is
uncountable count. All these
microorganisms are useful,
beneficial, effective
microorganisms. These are the
converter microbes, which take
conversion of soil nutrients
from non-available into
available form.
20. STEP 17
This Jiwamrita is not a fertilizer; it
is a best culture of uncountable
effective micro-organisms. Also,
this Jiwamrita is the best fungicide,
ocean of hormones and the best
medicine.
STEP 18
This Jiwamrita is not a fertilizer; it
is a best culture of uncountable
effective micro-organisms. Also,
this Jiwamrita is the best fungicide,
ocean of hormones and the best
medicine.
21. Application of Jiwamrita
Jiwamrita can be applied to the crops twice a month 200 litre per acre.
You can give Jiwamrita directly with flowing water in flood irrigation.
For drip irrigation, you have to filter the Jiwamrita with a cloth properly and
then give it.
22. Waaphasa (Aeration in the soil)
In Veda’s water is defined as a life of the soil. If there is Waaphasa in the soil,
the water is life. If there is no Waaphasa in the soil, water is death of the plant
and soil biota. Waaphasa is that microclimate in the soil, by which the soil
organisms and roots can live freely with availability of sufficient air and
essential moisture in the soil. In one sentence, shortly, the Waaphasa means the
mixture of 50 % air and 50 % water vapours in the cavities between two soil
particles. Why water vapour?
23. Why not water? Because, any root takes the molecules of water vapour. 92
% microorganisms and 88 to 95 % root hairs are working in the upper most
10 cm surface soil. So, the air must be circulating in this surface layer and
vapour molecule must be available in this 10cm surface layer. When this
will happen? When, we give water outside the canopy of the plant. When
you give water outside the canopy of the plant i.e. outside the shadow of the
plant at 12 O’ clock, then only Waaphasa will be maintained. The roots that
take water are situated at the outer canopy.
24. BIJAMITRA
Since thousands of years, our farmers were treating their seeds by Deshi cow
urine, cow dung and little soil from the bund of the farm or land of the farm. In
Maharashtra before 50-60 years (before Green Revolution) for seed treatment of
cotton, our ancient cotton growers were utilizing the little cow dung, cow urine
and top soil of that field in which previous crop was cotton.
25. For Juar seed treatment with the cow dung and urine, they were utilizing the soil in
which the previous crop was Juar. This was the traditional method and also a totally
scientific method. But after Agriculture Universities arrival, all good things in
Agricultural sector were destroyed and all unnatural and so unscientific techniques
were imposed on the farmers and indirectly on the urban consumers by unscientific
Agricultural Universities. Agricultural Universities propose you now all dangerous
poisons in the form of fungicides and antibiotics for seed treatment. When you
apply any poisonous fungicides or medicine to the seed, all useful effective (our
friends) micro-organisms like Trychoderma are destroyed in the soil. When these
poisonous chemicals treated seeds germinate and grow, these poisons are also
sucked by the roots with the soil water solution and are deposited in the body
organs of the plant i.e. vegetables, grains, fruits, tubers etc
26. When we eat these food materials, these poisons are transmitted to our body and
causes T. B., Diabetes, Cancer, Heart problems to the eater consumers. As well as,
when farmers purchase these fungicides & medicines for seed treatment, a big
exploitation of the farmers occurs. Because, they purchase these costly fungicides.
Then money from villages goes outside our country. On that ancient technique, I
have done some additional experiments. Because of highly poisonous soil, it was
needed. After my research experiments, final seed treatment formula was ready to
hand over for farmers. That is ‘Bijamrita’.
27. When there is cloudy weather and excessive humidity of the air is increased,
the cells of harmful bacteria’s and harmful funguses are coming with blowing
moist air and stay on the surface of the every seed. In favorable condition,
they multiply speedily. If these affected seeds will be sown without treatment
in the soil, all these harmful bacteria and funguses enter in the soil with the
seeds, multiply themselves. After germination of the seeds, they start to enter
in the roots, multiply inside and spread in entire body of the plant and plants
are affected by the dangerous diseases, which are called seed born diseases.
So, it is very essential to treat the seeds by fungicides and anti bacterial
devices.
28. Ingredients of Bijamrita (For
100 Kg seed treatment)
Water 20 Litre
Deshi Cow Dung 5 Kg
Deshi Cow Urine 5 Litre
Lime 50 gm
Soil from Bund of
farm or forest
One Handful
29. PROCEDURE TO MAKE BEJAMRIT
STEP 1
• Take 20 litres water.
STEP 2
• Then take 5 Kg Deshi cow dung.
STEP 3
• Mix it by the fingers.
30. STEP 4
• Take it in a cloth and bound it by small rope as a small bundle.
STEP 5
• Hang this bundle of cow dung in the taken 20-litre water for a night (12
hours).
STEP 6
• Take one litre water and add 50 gm lime in it, let it stable for a night.
31. STEP 7
• Then next morning, squeeze this bundle of the cow dung in that water
thrice continuously, so that all essence of cow dung will accumulate in
that water.
STEP 8
• Then add a handful of soil in that water solution and stir it well.
STEP 9
• Then add 5 litre Deshi cow urine or human urine in that solution
32. STEP 10
• Then add the lime water and stir it well.
STEP 11
• Keep it overnight for proper fermentation.
STEP 12
• Now Bijamrita is ready to treat the seeds.
33. Application of Bijamrita
The Bijamrita should be treated within 48 hours after preparation of Bijamrita.
Spread the seeds to be treated on the surface and sprinkle the Bijamrita on it and
apply it on the seeds gently with hands.
When you purchase the seed bag from the market, first remove seeds from the
bag, clean the seed by fresh water and then treat the seeds by Bijamrita.
34. Advantages of Bijamrita
Bijamrita increases the germination percentage of the seeds up to 90%.
When you utilize Bijamrita for seed treatment and sow the seed in the soil,
the beneficial effective funguses and bacteria are gathered near the roots and
protect the roots from harmful funguses and harmful pathogenic bacteria
attack. The harmful dangerous fungus phytophthora is controlled by
beneficial fungus Trichoderma or harmful pathogens like fusarium also are
controlled by beneficial bacteria’s, which are developed by Bijamrita.
The Bijamrita purify the soil very well.
35. MULCHING
What is mulching? Mulching is the cover of the soil
Soil microbiologists estimated that, if you activate 0.15 million earthworms in
one acre in one year (4 earthworms per square foot soil), they cast their castings
(excreta) in that huge extent, in which there are a huge enormous quantity of all
nutrients required for the growth and production per acre, by which, you will get
200 metric tons of sugarcane, 120 Kg bunch of banana, 120 quintal of (paddy,
Juar, Wheat, Bajra, Maize) grains per acre, 40 tons of grapes per acre, 40 tons
pomegranate per acre, 480 coconuts per coconut tree, 40 tons fruits per acre, 40
quintal cotton per acre per year.
36. What a miracle production? What a miraculous achievement? What an
astonishing production rate? Will you believe? No! Why? Have you counted the
number of Tamarind fruits on the forest tamarind tree? No? Will you able to
count? No? Is it not a miracle? Nature has given us countenance to create this
miracle countless fruits production, on no account, Nature will turn to account to
create this miracle, there is need of your accountability only. This miracle can be
achieved by you in your field or farming. The local earthworms and
microorganisms do this miracle only in the specific ideal condition in the soil.
This specific ideal condition is called microclimate in & on the soil
37. If you can create this microclimate in & on your soil, you will be definitely near
that miracle. What is this microclimate? How it is to be created in our farming?
We will see.
On the soil, in the blowing air within standing crops, there should be 25 to 32 C
temperature, 65 to 72% relative humidity, as well as for monocot grain crops
7000 to 10000 foot candle, for dicot fruit trees 3700 to 5400 foot candle and
1800 to 2700 foot candle for spices crops intensity of solar light. And in the
soil, there should be darkness, percolated, weak, feeble solar light, aeration
(Waaphasa) i.e. Uub & Maya (loving & affection). give Jiwamrita, the miracle
result will be achieved by you
39. Soil Mulching (Cultivation)
There are three purposes of the cultivation. To circulate the air in the soil, to
stop the raindrops to flow and to conserve them in the soil and to control the
weeds. Because, the oxygen is essential to the roots and micro-organisms in
the soil. Conserved rain water storage is essential for the growth of the crops
and the stoppage of the rainwater flow to restrict the topsoil erosion. Weeds are
to be controlled to stop the competition of the weeds with the crops for water
vapor and sunlight.
40. Not for food. Because, mother soil is ‘Annapurna’. In the nature, there is no any
competition for food in between any two plants. If, it is the truth that, the aeration and
soil moisture is essential for the roots and soil micro-organisms, then, the cultivation
should be practiced in that soil layer, in which, these feeding roots and micro-
organisms are active. In which layer these roots and soil biota are active? They are
active in the top most 4.5 to 6 inch (10 to 15 cm) topsoil layer. So, the cultivation of
the soil should be practiced in only this 10 to 15 cm layer. Bellow this layer, there are
stock roots, not feeding roots! Air and moisture is essential for only feeding roots, not
for stock roots.
41. Straw Mulching (Cultivation)
In Hemanta Ritu, the seeds become matured. At the same time, the leaves start
to mature totally. The green leaves now start to change in pale yellow and
then whitish yellow colour. During this colour changing process, the tap roots
and secondary godown roots lift up the four nutrients i.e. nitrogen, phosphate,
potash and magnesium from the yellowish leaves and deposit them in to their
godown (Godown roots). But, rest of the nutrients remains in the leaves.
42. Why the roots lift these nutrients from the leaves and deposit in the godown
roots? There is reason. Please, understand one thing, that nature never does
anything without purpose and preplan. Nature wants to supply these four
prominent nutrients to the ratoons in next generation by this uplifting and
depositing in the godown roots. This cover of dried straw biomass of the
previous plants or crops is called straw mulching.
By this straw mulching cover, the nature has achieved so many targets. First,
the seeds are covered by this straw mulching to save from birds, insects and
animals. Second, the microclimate is created to activate the micro-organisms
and local earthworms
43. . Third, the favorable condition is created to decompose the godown roots and to
prepare the humus stock in the soil for future new crop generation as a reserve
bank. Fourth, the soil moisture is conserved in the soil and transpiration of soil
moisture is restricted for the continuous soil micro-organisms utilization. Fifth, the
humus saturated soil particles and soil biota in the upper most 10 cm layer of soil
surface are saved from the severe heat waves of sunlight in Grishma Ritu
(summer), from cold winds in Winter Ritu and from heavy stormy rain drops of
pre-monsoon and monsoon raindrops; which spring forward with the dreary
demon speed of 7 meter (30 feet) per second on the soil!
44. Live Mulching (Symbiotic Intercrops &
Mixed Crops)
Live mulching means that intercrops and mixed crops, which give the symbiosis to
the host main crop. In the nature there is a symbiosis. All vegetation is a whole
family and each member plant is dependent to other plant. In forest, you will see
that, there is a five-layer system. Big tree, medium tree, bush, grasses and layer of
fallen dried leaves on the surface of land. All five layers are dependent upon each
other. Grasses are growing in the shadow of bush or shrub. Shrubs are growing in
the shadow of medium tree. Medium tree is growing in the shadow of big tree.
45. All are living. If they are living without any family disputes, without any
debates, it is the symptom of symbiosis. Nature has managed all vegetation
family members in two groups.
Those like shadow and those do not like shadow. The grass family monocot
crops like paddy, wheat, Juar, sugarcane, Bajra, Ragi, Maize, millets and
monocot grasses do not like shadow. They like full sunlight. They can grow in
highest intensity of sunlight also. But, spices crops do not like straight sunlight.
46. They want shadow or low intensity of sunlight. Some fruit trees like Grapes,
Pomegranate, Orange group, Banana, Sapota, Mango, Areca nut, Betel nut,
Cardamom, Nutmeg, Clove tree, Coffee and other do not like full sunlight.
They live and grow in low intensity of sunlight. The mixed crop pattern of
Monocot in Dicot & Dicot in Monocot helps to supply the essential elements
to the crops. The Dicot supplies Nitrogen by means of nitrogen fixing
bacteria & Monocot supplies other elements like Potash, Phosphate, Sulphur
etc
47. Agronomic Practices in Zero Budget Natural Farming
ZBNF
Seed Selection
Land Preparation
PMDS (Pre Monsoon
Dry Sowing)
Crop Rotation
Mulching
Multiple Cropping
Green Manuring
48. Land Preparation:-land preparation or tillage practices is very important practice
to enhance good yield from crops grown. it is the mechanical pulverization or
manipulation of the soil to take about favorable condition for the growth of crops.
Seed Selection:- In ZBNF, Traditional/seed are taken as planting material for next
season crop and So on, to reduce input cost.
Crop Rotation:- Crop rotation is the practice of planting different crops
sequentially on the same plot of land to improve soil health, optimize nutrients in
the soil, and combat pest and weed pressure.
49. PMDS (Pre Monsoon Dry Sowing):- PMDS is a system of sowing, tilling and
tending the land where in the farmer grows crops in non-farming seasons or
whenever there is no crop cover on the land. This can be practiced before the
advent of monsoon, during summer, after Kharif and before beginning of Rabi
season.
Multiple cropping:- growing of two or more crop in same peice of land for
increasement of soil fertility and reduce of risk taking ability for profit.
Green Manuring:- Green manuring improves soil structure, increases water
holding capacity and decreases soil loss by erosion. Growing of green manure
crops in the off season reduces weed proliferation and weed growth. Green
manuring helps in reclamation of alkaline soils. Root knot nematodes can be
controlled by green manuring.
50. Mulching
Soil Mulch: This protects topsoil during cultivation and does not destroy it by
tilling. It promotes aeration and water retention in the soil. Palekar suggests
avoiding deep ploughing.
Straw Mulch: Straw material usually refers to the dried biomass waste of previous
crops, but as Palekar suggests, it can be composed of the dead material of any
living being (plants, animals, etc).
Live Mulch (symbiotic intercrops and mixed crops): According to Palekar, it is
essential to develop multiple cropping patterns of monocotyledons (monocots;
Monocotyledons seedlings have one seed leaf) and dicotyledons (dicots;
Dicotyledons seedlings have two seed leaves) grown in the same field, to supply
all essential elements to the soil and crops. For instance, legumes are off the dicot
group and are nitrogen-fixing plants. Monocots such as rice and wheat supply
other elements like potash, phosphate and sulphur.
51. ZBNF Organic Farming
Zero budget Natural Farming vs. Organic
Farming
No external fertilizers are used in
ZBNF
There is no tilling and no mixing. It
requires natural ecosystems.
It is low-cost farming due to the
local biodiversity.
Organic fertilizers such as compost,
cow dung, and vermicompost are used
in organic farming.
It requires basic agro methods like
tilling, plowing, mixing, etc.
It is expensive due to the need for bulk
manures.
52. No input needed
Globally not accepted yet.
Scientifically not proven.
Input needed.
Globally accepted.
Scientifically proven.
ZBNF Organic Farming
53. Sample ZBNF for 24 x 24 ft.
Sheetaphal/custard apple
Arhar/
Moringa
Chilli
Orange/Guava
Papaya/Banana
Lemon
24ft.
24ft.
56. Success stories of Zero Budget Natural Farmers
Mr.Annadurai, paddy farmer from Musuri
Trichy who practised ZBNF in 2 acre land
obtained 2t of yield per acre and he got confidence
to expand it to entire 10 acres
(Spritiualfarming.blogspot.in,2008)
57. Farmers in Idukki finds Zero Budget natural farming
successful revealed that their yield was not reduced and
they got better price even during seasonal glut. If you
follow the guidelines suggested by Mr. Palekar, you will get
the result says Mr.kudankavil.
(Farmers in Idukki find zero budget farming successful-The
Hindu,2010)
58. Mr.T.Suryanarayana Raju an zero budget
farmer from East Godavari district who
cultivates oil palm and paddy.
He obtained good yield of 10 t of oil palm and
2 t of paddy per acre was able to reduce his
cost of cultivation by Rs.12,000/acre reaped a
net income of 15 lakhs after meeting all
expenses from his 20 acre oil palm and 5 acre
paddy.
(Rashtrya Krishi VikasYojana, 2011)
59. DARE/ICAR through its Plan Scheme „Network Project on Organic Farming
(NPOF)‟ is undertaking research in 20 centers covering 16 states to develop
location-specific organic farming package of practices for crops and cropping
systems. Organic farming package of practices for 51 crops/cropping systems
have been developed to provide technical backstopping to the line
departments‟ schemes implemented in the country.
ZBNF UNDER VARIOUS SCHEMES
60. PKVY, a sub-component of Soil Health Management (SHM) scheme under
National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA), promotes cluster-based
organic farming with Participatory Guarantee System (PGS) certification.
Cluster formation, training, certification and marketing are supported under the
scheme. Assistance of Rs. 50,000 per ha for three years is provided, out of which
62 per cent i.e., Rs. 31,000 is given as incentive to a farmer towards use of
organic inputs.
61. The Mission Organic Value Chain Development for North Eastern Region
(MOVCD- NER), promotes 3rd party certified organic farming of niche
crops of north east region through Farmer Producer Organisations (FPOs)
with focus on exports. Farmers are given assistance of Rs. 25000/ha for three
years for organic inputs including organic manure and bio-fertilizers etc.
Support for formation of FPOs, capacity building, post-harvest infrastructure
up to Rs. 2 Croresis also provided under the scheme.
62. The government of India promotes promoting organic farming through the
schemes of Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY) since 2015-16 and
Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY).
Under the PKVY scheme, several organic farming methods like zero budget
natural farming (ZBNF), natural farming, vedic farming, rishi farming, cow
farming, homa farming, etc. are included wherein states adopt any model of
organic farming including ZBNF depending on the farmer‟s choice.
Government initiatives
63. According to the RKVY scheme, organic farming or natural farming model
components are considered by the respective State Level Sanctioning
Committee (SLSC)
NITIAayog is one of the foremost promoters of ZBNF method.
The Andhra Pradesh Government experience is also being monitored closely
to judge the need for further public funding support for ZBNF.
The Indian Council of Agricultural Research is also studying the ZBNF
method practiced by basmati and wheat farmers in some parts of India,
evaluating the impact on productivity, economics and soil health including
soil organic carbon and soil fertility.
64. CONCLUSION
In the first on-the-ground assessment of the effects of ZBNF on yield, our results
suggest that there will not be an initial yield penalty when converting to ZBNF,
when compared to organic or conventional systems.
These findings could be of particular interest to short-term lease tenant farmers.
Initial assessment suggests, however, that performance of ZBNF may be
agroclimatic context specific.
65. Further work is needed to evaluate the long-term effects of ZBNF adoption,
encompassing effects on yield and other environmental and social outcomes, in
line with SDGs.
