2. We have discussed in the previous chapter what the basic principles and stages of interpersonal relationships are. This chapter will be focused more on the specific relationship types. We will discuss the relationship types and will explore how interpersonal communication within each of these relationships can be made more effective. We will also touch on relationship violence. Interpersonal Relationship Types
4. We will discuss the following in friendships: Definition and Characteristics Friendship Types Friendship Needs Friendship and Communication Friendship, Culture, Gender, and Technology Friendship
5. Friendship is an interpersonal relationship between two interdependent persons that are mutually productive and characterized by mutual positive regard. Friends react to each other as complete persons, as unique, genuine, and irreplaceable individuals. They cannot be destructive to one another. Closed friends are likely to make up their own rules for interacting with each other. Definition and Characteristics
6. Three characteristics: Trust Emotional Support Sharing of Interest The closer friends are, the more interdependent they become. Definition and Characteristics
7. Friendships of reciprocity – characterized by loyalty, self-sacrifice, mutual affection, and generosity. Friendships of receptivity- an imbalance in giving and receiving one person is the primary giver and one is the primary receiver. Friendships of association- friendly relationship rather than a true friendship. It is more cordial, but not intense. Friendship Types
13. Friendships develop over time in stages: Contact – when you first meet a person. More of the result of politeness than any genuine expression of positive regard. Involvement – participating in activities as a whole than as separate individuals. Communicate with confidence. Close and Intimate Friendship – intensification of the casual friendship. More exclusive and intimate friendship. Friendship and Communication
14. Culture and Friendships- friendships are closer in collectivist cultures than in individualist cultures. Gender and Friendships- women engage in more casual communication. They share more confidence with their friends. Men often build their friendships around shared activities. Technology and Friendships- online interpersonal relationships. Includes social media. Friendship, Culture, Gender,and Technology
15. After reading about friendships in this chapter, you are to find images or videos that reflect any of the friendships discussed. Log into the class page on Tumblr. Username and password are located in Course Documents. Post your video or picture and describe it. Do not forget to add your first and last name. Comment on another students post. Assignment # 1
16. Love is a feeling characterized by closeness and caring by intimacy, passion, and commitment. We will discuss the following about love: Love Types Love and Communication Love, Culture, Gender, and Technology Love
17. Eros: Beauty and Sexuality – beauty and physical attractiveness. Often feel unfulfilled. Ludus: Entertainment and Excitement – love is experienced as a game. Love is not taken seriously. Storage: Peaceful and Slow – lacks passion and intensity. It is a gradual process of unfolding thoughts and feelings. Sex comes late. Love Types
18. Pragma: Practical and Traditional- practical and seeks a relationship that will work. Usually wants compatibility. Mania: Elation and Depression- extreme highs and extreme lows. Loves intensely and at the same time intensely worries about the loss of the love. Agape: Compassionate and Selfless- compassionate, egoless, self-giving love. Usually loves everyone. Spiritual love. Love Types
19. Includes secrets you keep from others and messages that have meaning within your relationship. You know what to do to obtain the reaction you want with that significant other. You grow more aware not only of your loved one, but also of your own physical self. You touch more frequently and more intimately. You may even dress alike. Love and Communication
20. Culture and Love: members of individualist cultures are more likely to place greater importance on romantic love and on individual fulfillment. Members of collectivist cultures are likely to spend their love over a large network of relatives. Gender and Love: women are portrayed as emotional, and men as logical. Women are supposed to love intensely and mean are supposed to love with detachment. Love, Culture, Gender, and Technology
21. Technology and Love: In online relationships, physical attractiveness signaled exclusively through words and self-descriptions. Pros- avoidance of physical abuse and STD’s, reveal the others inner qualities first, and you are able to reveal anything about yourself. Cons- no physical contact, great risk of running into liars, and computer interactions may become all consuming and may take place of face-to-face interpersonal relationships. Love, Culture, Gender,and Technology
22. After reading about love in this chapter, you are to find images or videos that replicate anything about love that we have discussed. Log into the class page on Tumblr. Username and password are located in Course Documents. Post your video or picture and describe it. Do not forget to add your first and last name. Comment on another students post. Assignment # 2
23. Family is a fundamental social group in a society typically consisting of one or two parents and their children. We will discuss the following about family: Characteristics of Families Family Types Family and Communication Families, Culture, Gender, and Technology Family
24. Defined Roles: Primary relationship partners have a relatively clear perception of the roles each person is expected to play in relation to the other and to the relationship as a whole. Roles may be shared, but generally one person has primary responsibility for certain tasks and the other person for other tasks. Recognition of Responsibilities: Family members see themselves as having certain obligations and responsibilities to one another. Time sharing seems important to all relationships. Characteristics of Families
25. Shared History and Future: For a relationship to be primary, there must be some history and some significant past interactions. This interaction enables the members to get to know each other, understand each other, and ideally to like and even love each other. Shared Living Space: People involved in primary interpersonal relationships usually share the same living space. Even those who live apart for periods of time probably perceive a shared space as some special space. Characteristics of Families
26. Traditional Couples: share a similar belief system and philosophy of live. They believe in mutual sharing and do little separately. Independent Couples: stress their individuality. Independents spend a great deal of time together, but do not ritualize it. Separate Couples: live together but view their relationship more as a matter of convenience than a result of their mutual love or closeness. Separates share little. “I” and not “we”. Family Types
27. The Equality Pattern: exists more among same-sex couples. Each person shares equally in the communication transactions; the roles played by each other are equal. Communication is open, honest, and direct. The Balanced Split Pattern: an equality relationship is maintained, but each person has authority over different domains. Each person is seen as an expert or a decision maker in different areas. Family and Communication
28. The Unbalanced Split Pattern: one person dominates. One person is seen as an expert in more than half the areas of mutual communication. One person is more or less regularly in control of the relationship. The Monopoly Pattern: one person is seen as the authority. Lectures rather than communicating. They do not seek advice from others. They do not know how to argue or how to disagree agreeably, so their conflict strategies frequently take the form of hurting the other person. Family and Communication
29. Culture and Gender and Families: married couples whose religion forbids divorce and remarriage will experience religious disapproval and condemnation. Men and women can initiate relationships, and both can dissolve them. Technology and Families: cell phones enable parents and children to keep in touch. People become absorbed with the online community that they have little time for their biological family members. Families, Culture, Gender,and Technology
30. After reading about family in this chapter, you are to find images or videos that replicate anything discussed about family. Log into the class page on Tumblr. Username and password are located in Course Documents. Post your video or picture and describe it. Do not forget to add your first and last name. Comment on another students post. Assignment # 3
31. The workplace is a context in which all forms of communication take place and all kinds of relationships may be seen. We will discuss the following in this chapter: Romantic Relationships Mentoring Relationships Networking Relationships Workplace Relationships
32. Some companies believe that romantic relationships are detrimental to the success of the workplace, and also have rules prohibiting romantic involvements. Office romances can lead to greater work satisfaction. Workplace romantic relationships may cause problems for management. It can also put pressure on the individuals. (competing for a position) Romantic Relationships
33.
34. Mentoring is perhaps best characterized as a relationship in which the experienced and powerful mentor empowers the learner.
35. The mentor benefits from clarifying their thoughts, seeing the job from the perspective of a newcomer, and considering and formulating answers to a variety of questions.Mentoring Relationships
36. Networking is often viewed as a technique for securing a job. Networking comes in at least two different forms: informal and formal. Informal networking is what we do every day when we find ourselves in a new situation or are unable to answer questions. Formal networking is the establishment of connections with people who help you. Networking Relationships
37. The great value of networking is that is provides you with access to a wealth of specialized information. Networking experts recommend that your develop files and directories of potentially useful sources that you can contact for needed information. If you are willing to help others, then there is nothing wrong in asking the same people to help you. Networking Relationships
38. After reading about workplace relationships in this chapter, you are to find images or videos that replicate anything discussed about workplace relationships. Log into the class page on Tumblr. Username and password are located in Course Documents. Post your video or picture and describe it. Do not forget to add your first and last name. Comment on another students post. Assignment # 4
39. Three types of relationship violence: Verbal or emotional abuse- the abuser may humiliate you, prevent you from working, isolate, criticize, or stalk you. May escalate to physical abuse. Physical abuse- threats of violence as well as pushing, hitting, slapping, kicking, choking, throwing things at you, and breaking things. Sexual abuse- touching that is unwanted, accusations of sexual infidelity, forced sex, and make references to you in an abusive sexual manner. Relationship Violence
40. Even when physical injuries are relatively minor, psychological injuries may be major. Psychological injuries can include depression, anxiety, fear of intimacy, and low self-esteem. If you are a victim or the perpetrator of relationship violence, it is important to seek professional help. Knowing the difference between productive and destructive relationships seems the best way to make sure that your own relationships are as you want them to be. Relationship Violence
41. After reading about relationship violence in this chapter, you are to find a video that shows some form of relationship violence. (awareness commercials, movie clips, etc.) Log into the class page on Tumblr. Username and password are located in Course Documents. Post your video or picture and describe it. Do not forget to add your first and last name. Comment on another students post. Assignment # 4
42. This assignment will be submitted through the discussion board. I want you all to think about this whole chapter and what you have learned. Type a paragraph (4-5 sentences) about your thoughts on this chapter. What have you learned? Did you like this chapter? Do you feel it was written well? Is there any improvements the author could have added? Explain your answer. Assignment # 5
