Your discussion question this week is broken into TWO parts and you will find all the information you need in your Week 9 module: 1. Your first assignment is to experience a simulated witch trial.  After watching and reading the material I have given you, please follow the link provided to participate in an online simulation of a witch trial that would have taken place in 15th century Europe.  This simulation will give you a deeper understanding of how these accusations occurred and how the element of fear is used to oppress and control people. I included two videos. If you don't have time to watch both, then I highly recommend watching the one on the Pendle Witch Trial of 1612.  Pendle Witch Trial: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MATKIhrDZSc 2. Your second assignment is to critique and analyze Hieronymus Bosch's famous painting, "The Garden of Earthly Delights."  Bosch has been described as a painter of nightmares and has a way of tapping into our greatest fears and so this week we will discover just how much our fears today are still reflected in those painted by him hundreds of years ago. Not only will you become more familiar with his artwork but you will also gain a better understanding of interpreting symbols in art.  All the information you will need for this is also in your Week 9 module. I have provided you with a lot of information, but please make sure you watch EITHER the video on Bosch OR the link for the slide tutorial on the middle panel of the Garden of Earthly Delights. This will help you complete the discussion this week. Week 9: Discussion Part ONE: The Witch Trials The witch trials during the Reformation would become known as "the female holocaust," and as you learned in the documentaries, many villages were wiped clean of women.  Between last week with the trial of Joan of Arc, and now the witch trials, we see how frightening it is to be misjudged and put on trial for something that you did not do. These medieval witch hunts were about fear, politics, religion, science and magic. But it's also about words and stories and just how powerful they can be. I think this is incredibly relevant today; not just with modern witch trials that are still happening to people all over the world; but also in the media; when fake news meant to instill panic and fear spreads like wildfire because we feed those flames, just like the flames that were used to execute women. PART 1: Before you answer the following discussion question, please make sure you've done the previous witch trial simulation. Also found here: http://departments.kings.edu/womens_history/witch/hunt/ (Links to an external site.) Take notes as you go along, because you will need to answer the following questions: 1.  Did you confess quickly or deny your guilt? 2.  What was the final outcome of your decision? 3.  What type of evidence did the authorities use against you to accuse you of witchcraft? 4.  What kind of crimes did the authorities believe witches committed? 5. .

1. Your discussion question this week is broken into TWO parts
and you will find all the information you need in your Week 9
module:
1. Your first assignment is to experience a simulated witch trial.
After watching and reading the material I have given you,
please follow the link provided to participate in
an online simulation of a witch trial that would have taken place
in 15th century Europe. This simulation will give you a deeper
understanding of how these accusations occurred and how the
element of fear is used to oppress and control people. I included
two videos. If you don't have time to watch both, then I highly
recommend watching the one on the Pendle Witch Trial of
1612.
Pendle Witch Trial:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MATKIhrDZSc
2. Your second assignment is to critique and
analyze Hieronymus Bosch's famous painting, "The Garden of
Earthly Delights." Bosch has been described as a painter of
nightmares and has a way of tapping into our greatest fears and
so this week we will discover just how much our fears today are
still reflected in those painted by him hundreds of years ago.
Not only will you become more familiar with his artwork but
you will also gain a better understanding of interpreting
symbols in art. All the information you will need for this is
also in your Week 9 module. I have provided you with a lot of
information, but please make sure you watch EITHER the video
on Bosch OR the link for the slide tutorial on the middle panel
of the Garden of Earthly Delights. This will help you complete
the discussion this week.
Week 9: Discussion Part ONE: The Witch Trials
The witch trials during the Reformation would become known
as "the female holocaust," and as you learned in the

2. documentaries, many villages were wiped clean of women.
Between last week with the trial of Joan of Arc, and now the
witch trials, we see how frightening it is to be misjudged and
put on trial for something that you did not do. These medieval
witch hunts were about fear, politics, religion, science and
magic. But it's also about words and stories and just how
powerful they can be. I think this is incredibly relevant today;
not just with modern witch trials that are still happening to
people all over the world; but also in the media; when fake
news meant to instill panic and fear spreads like wildfire
because we feed those flames, just like the flames that were
used to execute women.
PART 1:
Before you answer the following discussion question, please
make sure you've done the previous witch trial simulation. Also
found here:
http://departments.kings.edu/womens_history/witch/hunt/ (Link
s to an external site.)
Take notes as you go along, because you will need to answer the
following questions:
1. Did you confess quickly or deny your guilt?
2. What was the final outcome of your decision?
3. What type of evidence did the authorities use against you to
accuse you of witchcraft?
4. What kind of crimes did the authorities believe witches
committed?
5. What pressure, psychological or physical, was used against
you to provide evidence or force you to confess?
6. How were social roles (relationships of people with different
status) reinforced, changed, or destroyed by this hunt?
7. Please note if the accused was male or female.
PART 2:
IN YOUR OWN WORDS PLEASE DISCUSS THE
FOLLOWING:

3. What are your thoughts on modern day witch hunts? Please
reference the articles I posted in your module titled, "Witch
Hunts Today (Links to an external site.)," and "A Political
History of the Term 'Witch Hunt (Links to an external
site.).'" How do you think the element of fear is being used to
control people today? Media, news, social media, etc.?
These are your thoughts on the material. This is asking you to
think critically about the topic and reflect on how we can learn
from our history.Witch Hunts Today:
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/witch-hunts-today-
abuse-of-women-superstition-and-murder-collide-in-india/A
political history of the term “witch hunt”:
https://www.vox.com/mischiefs-of-
faction/2018/10/31/18047208/trump-witch-hunt
A Witch Hunt: The following is a simulation of a witch hunt.
While this hunt, its victims, and perpetrators are fictional, it is
based on actual hunts:
http://departments.kings.edu/womens_history/witch/hunt/index.
html
Renaissance Revolution: Hieronymous Bosch:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yx5M2um7zjM
The Garden of Earthly Delights:
http://www.esotericbosch.com/Garden.htm
Bosch, the Last Judgment:
https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/renaissance-
reformation/northern/hieronymus-bosch/v/bosch-last-judgment-
triptych-1504-08Bosch Symbolism:
http://www.esotericbosch.com/symbolism/symbolism-
overview/assets/fallback/index.html
Take a Multimedia Tour of the Buttock Song in Hieronymus
Bosch’s Painting The Garden of Earthly Delights:
http://www.openculture.com/2016/02/take-a-multimedia-tour-
of-the-buttock-song-in-hieronymus-boschs-painting-the-garden-
of-earthly-delights.html

4. · Present a strategy to ensure credibility, dependability, and
transferability in your study
Credibility: Patton (2015) states, “Your background,
experience, training, skills, interpersonal competence, capacity
for empathy, cross-cultural sensitivity, and how you, as a
person, engage in fieldwork and analysis these things undergird
the credibility of your finings”. So, credibility depends on the
researcher’s ability to accumulate, organizes, and manage data
collection. I would think that using triangulation would be the
most advantageous way to attain credibility within the study. As
indicated by (Patton, 2015), triangulation is one way to
strengthen a study because you can use several kinds od
methods. Of the four types of triangulation I would choose
theory triangulation which is the using multiple perspectives to
interpret one set of data.
Dependability: Because dependability is focused on the process
of the inquiry, the researcher is responsible for making sure that
it is well documented, makes since, and can be reasonably
followed. Creswell and Poth (2018) tell us that “dependability
is established through an auditing of the research process”. This
auditing would include identification of bias of all types, the
solving of any and all conflicts, along with the use of external
auditing.
Transferability: To make sure that the findings are transferable
between the researcher and those being studied, thick
description is necessary. According to (Creswell and Poth 2018)
state that, “With such a detailed description, the researcher
enables readers to transfer information to other settings and to
determine whether the findings can be transferred.”
Transferability is how well or the ability of research to be
generalized to other populations or taken into other settings by
those doing the generalizing, in this case the readers. Therefore,
the strategy is to provide the thick description for data soon

5. after it is gathered. This would include details not just about the
population and its size, but also about the environment
circumstances etc.
· Identify how you will address researcher's pre-understanding,
preconceptions, and biases about the topic, and how you will set
them aside
(Patton, 2015) states, “You may establish an “audit trail” to
verify the rigor of your fieldwork and confirmability of the data
collected because you want to minimize bias, maximize
accuracy, and report impartially.” As researchers our values,
experiences, biases could influence how we report our findings
so when reporting one must be able to put the emphasis on the
findings with focus on the description and the analysis. You
would include the triangulation of data sources and analytical
perspectives to increase the accuracy and credibility of findings
as eluded to by Patton (2015) as well.
EG
Reference:
Patton, M.Q. (2015). Qualitative research and evaluation
methods, 4th edition. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Creswell, J.W. and Poth, C.N. (2018). Qualitative inquiry and
research design: Choosing among the five approaches (4th
edition). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Week 9 Discussion Part TWO: The Garden of Earthly Delights
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For part two of this week's discussion, please watch EITHER
the video on Bosch OR the link for the slide tutorial on the
middle panel of the Garden of Earthly Delights.
OR you can do both!

6. Note how Bosch uses symbolism to convey ideas on good versus
evil, and his use of color, specifically the dark reds, are
prominent in all his paintings.
INSTRUCTIONS:
1. Please list THREE symbols found within this painting and
what they mean. (This should be at least one sentence for each).
2. Please elaborate on the following questions IN YOUR OWN
WORDS: (At least two sentences per question)
-Do you get an overall feeling of fear when you look at these
paintings; if not what do you feel when you look at Bosch's
paintings?
-Why do you think Bosch used such fear symbolism in
his work?
-Are our fears the same today or different? Explain your
answer.