1) The document discusses qualities of successful people such as giving more than receiving, hard work, persistence, pride in one's work, learning from mentors, and integrity.
2) It contrasts winners and losers, noting that winners see possibilities and gains while losers see problems and pain. Winners are proactive while losers wait for others.
3) The document emphasizes developing a positive attitude and making choices to achieve success in life, as nothing comes without effort or a struggle like a caterpillar transforming into a butterfly.