Persian architecture has a history spanning over 5000 years, featuring buildings from simple huts to grand palaces. To store ice and food in the summer, ancient Persians developed underground structures called yakhchāls between 400 BC-present. Yakhchāls came in different designs depending on location - domed roof fridges in central deserts, underground fridges in the north/northwest using stone/brick, and pool fridges in the south using pools covered with brushwood. The structures demonstrated ingenious passive cooling techniques in harmony with the natural environment.
Art deco style of architecture, origins of art deco from Frank loyd wright. Art deco posters, movies, furniture, art and architecture.
http://www.greenarchworld.com/
Art deco style of architecture, origins of art deco from Frank loyd wright. Art deco posters, movies, furniture, art and architecture.
http://www.greenarchworld.com/
A green wall is a wall partially or completely covered with greenery that includes a growing medium, such as soil. Most green walls also feature an integrated water delivery system. Green walls are also known as living walls or vertical gardens.
Digital Architecture - Modern Technologies in ArchitectureÇelik Nimani
In today's economy, technology is part of every single aspect of our life. Digital architecture uses computer aided design, programming, simulation and images to create virtual forms and physical structures. The same can be said to refer to other aspects of architecture that are defined by digital technologies.
Less is more
OUTLINE
Intro
Biography
Pioneers of Modern architecture
Philosophy
Style
Features
Traditionalism to Modernism
Characteristic features
Furniture
Works
Chicago school
Barcelona pavilion
S.r crown hall
The goal of this research is to come to a greater understanding of Brragan's works , and what makes his architecture unique . In addition to focusing on one project – Brragan studio house - and the philosophical foundations for its design.
A green wall is a wall partially or completely covered with greenery that includes a growing medium, such as soil. Most green walls also feature an integrated water delivery system. Green walls are also known as living walls or vertical gardens.
Digital Architecture - Modern Technologies in ArchitectureÇelik Nimani
In today's economy, technology is part of every single aspect of our life. Digital architecture uses computer aided design, programming, simulation and images to create virtual forms and physical structures. The same can be said to refer to other aspects of architecture that are defined by digital technologies.
Less is more
OUTLINE
Intro
Biography
Pioneers of Modern architecture
Philosophy
Style
Features
Traditionalism to Modernism
Characteristic features
Furniture
Works
Chicago school
Barcelona pavilion
S.r crown hall
The goal of this research is to come to a greater understanding of Brragan's works , and what makes his architecture unique . In addition to focusing on one project – Brragan studio house - and the philosophical foundations for its design.
Natural ventilation and air movement could-be considered under the heading of 'structural controls’ as it does not rely on any form of energy supply or mechanical installation, but due to its importance for human comfort, it deserves a separate section.
2. PERSIA
The architecture of Iran (Persia) has a continuous history
from at least 5000 BC to the present, with characteristic
examples distributed over a vast area.
Persian buildings vary from peasant huts to tea
houses and gardens, pavilions to "some of the most
majestic structures the world has ever seen."
3. CLIMATE
CASPIAN MILD
MOUNTAIN
DESERT AND SEMI DESERT
4. YAKHCHĀL “ICE-PIT”
ice Pit; yakh meaning ice and chāl meaning pit
Developed in 400 B.C.
ice and food storage for the summer
Made of a special mortar called sārooj,
composed of sand, clay, egg whites, lime,
goat hair, and ash in specific proportions,
and which was resistant to heat transfer.
5. METHOD
10 m high
Length 5 to 12m
To make ice:
Firstly shallow ponds called basin (Tash-taki in
Persian) are dug with square dimensions with 40 to
50 centimetres depth.
Secondly, these shallow ponds are filled with
water in cold winter nights and the day after the ice
is divided into little pieces and transferred to a fridge
near the cavity and in each layer water is poured to
increase density of ice pieces.
6. METHOD
10 m high
Length 5 to 12m
After about eight days and nights the process
of production is stopped with an usual
traditional ceremony. The last step is covering
the ice with straws and brushwood and closing
the fridge’s entrance with sea sedge (Bi-Zur in
Persian).
7. TYPES OF YAKHCAL “ICE-PIT”
Domed roof fridges
Damghan, Semnan
Underground fridge
Sa-ve
Pool Fridges
Boushehr, Khozestan
8. DOMED ROOF FRIDGES
Domed Roof Fridges are built in the margins of central desserts and
north-east Iran
Icebound
huge conical pit
Shade wall
fridge
bottom of the pit, water path leads the fridge
extra water to the shaft Icebound
9. UNDERGROUND FRIDGE
Underground Fridges were built in north and north-west of Iran
Stone and bricks are the main material of these fridges.
This building has a vaulted or arched roof.
10. POOL FRIDGES
built in southern provinces of Iran
Shadewall
The pool would be filled and covered with
4 to 5 meters height
brushwood and straw
and 12 meters
length
pool
5 to 6 meters depth,
12 meters length and 5 meters
width
11. CONCLUSION
Persian architects constructed different types
of fridges compatible to the climate. The
design was in harmony with nature, a quality
much sought after in the today’s architecture.