This document discusses the OpenIoT X-GSN, which provides an open source blueprint for large scale self-organizing cloud environments for IoT applications. It describes how X-GSN builds on GSN (Global Sensor Networks) to annotate sensor data and observations with semantics. This helps address issues with discovering, integrating, and querying heterogeneous sensor data by publishing it as linked data on the semantic sensor web.

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© Copyright 2013
OpenIoT Consortium
EU OpenIoT Project
FP7 ICT-2011 1.3: Internet-connected Objects
Open Source blueprint for large
scale self-organizing cloud
environments for IoT applications
OpenIoT X-GSN
OpenIoT Summer School, Galway, August 5, 2014
Jean-Paul Calbimonte
EPFL, Switzerland

2. Open Source blueprint for large scale self-organizing
cloud environments for IoT applications
© Copyright 2013
OpenIoT Consortium 2
Outline
• Why GSN
• Global Sensor Networks in a nutshell
– Virtual Sensors
– Wrappers
– Processing classes
– Distributed processing
– Storage
– Services
• X-GSN in OpenIoT
– Semantics
– Sensor & Observation annotations
– Linked Sensor Middleware

3. Open Source blueprint for large scale self-organizing
cloud environments for IoT applications
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OpenIoT Consortium 3
Sensor deployments everywhere
Mountains
Glaciers
Snow regions
Sea
Coastal
Agriculture
…
DIY
Mobile
Participatory

4. Open Source blueprint for large scale self-organizing
cloud environments for IoT applications
© Copyright 2013
OpenIoT Consortium 4
We want the data
• Open data repositories
• Accessible research datasets
• Discoverability
• Reuse datasets
• Metadata access

5. Open Source blueprint for large scale self-organizing
cloud environments for IoT applications
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OpenIoT Consortium 5
Sensor Networks and the Web
5
Sensor Networks
users
applications
data streams
Volume
Velocity
Variety WEB
Universal Web-based access to Sensor
data

6. Open Source blueprint for large scale self-organizing
cloud environments for IoT applications
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OpenIoT Consortium 6
Motivation
6
from Sensor Networks
to the Sensor Web

7. Open Source blueprint for large scale self-organizing
cloud environments for IoT applications
© Copyright 2013
OpenIoT Consortium 7
GSN: Global Sensor Networks

8. Open Source blueprint for large scale self-organizing
cloud environments for IoT applications
© Copyright 2013
OpenIoT Consortium 8
GSN: Global Sensor Networks
Help managing sensor datasets
Help publishing the data
Help making the data discoverable and reusable

9. Open Source blueprint for large scale self-organizing
cloud environments for IoT applications
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OpenIoT Consortium 9
GSN: things to know
GSN
GSN exposes Virtual Sensors
Sensing Device
temp_vs
timed: datetime
temperature: float
Virtual Sensor
GSN
Sensing Device
temp_vs
timed: datetime
temperature: float
Virtual Sensor
Aggregate, process, fusion
A virtual sensor, any kind of data producer
a real sensor, a wireless camera, a desktop computer, GPS sensor, network traffic, etc.
combination of other virtual sensors.
Logical view of the sensor network.
Described in an XML file

10. Open Source blueprint for large scale self-organizing
cloud environments for IoT applications
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OpenIoT Consortium 10
Virtual Sensor Config
<virtual-sensor name="testsensor_1" priority="10" >
<processing-class>
<class-name>org.openiot.gsn.vsensor.LSMExporter</class-name>
<output-structure>
<field name="noise" type="double" />
</output-structure>
</processing-class>
<description>sensorscope station</description>
<life-cycle pool-size="10"/>
<streams>
<stream name="input1">
…
<query>select timed, noise as noise from source1</query>
</stream>
</streams>
</virtual-sensor>
Virtual sensor name
Streams & wrappers
data fields

11. Open Source blueprint for large scale self-organizing
cloud environments for IoT applications
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OpenIoT Consortium 11
GSN: things to know
GSN
Virtual Sensors get the data through wrappers
wrapper
Examples:
•HTTP generic wrapper
•Serial forwarder wrapper
•USB camera wrapper
•RFID wrapper
•WiseNode wrapper
•Generic UDP wrapper
•Generic serial/bluetooth wrapper
•CSV wrapper
Or implement your own wrapper:
50RFID reader (TI)
50Generic HTTP
300Wired camera
180Generic serial
45Generic UDP
75WiseNode
160TinyOS
Lines of codeWrapper type

12. Open Source blueprint for large scale self-organizing
cloud environments for IoT applications
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OpenIoT Consortium 12
Wrapper config
<address wrapper="csv">
<predicate key="file">data/station_1061.csv</predicate>
<predicate key="fields">timed, noise</predicate>
<predicate key="formats">timestamp(d/M/y H:m), numeric</predicate>
<predicate key="bad-values">NaN,6999,-6999,null</predicate>
<predicate key="timezone">Etc/GMT-2</predicate>
<predicate key="sampling">5000</predicate>
<predicate key="check-point-directory">csv-check-points</predicate>
</address>
Wrapper type
File location
Fields

13. Open Source blueprint for large scale self-organizing
cloud environments for IoT applications
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OpenIoT Consortium 13
GSN: things to know
GSN
Virtual Sensors produce streams of data
Streams are processed on the fly by a Processing Class
Data Processing
Filtering
Aggregation
Outlier detection
Storing
Publishing
Expensive processing.
Archiving

14. Open Source blueprint for large scale self-organizing
cloud environments for IoT applications
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OpenIoT Consortium 14
GSN: things to know
• GSN works in a distributed fashion
– Data can be kept locally
– Break data silos
• Put sensor data on the web
14
GSN nodes
Remote wrappers can get data from another GSN instance

15. Open Source blueprint for large scale self-organizing
cloud environments for IoT applications
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OpenIoT Consortium 15
GSN Distributed Deployment
15
Integrity Service
Access Control
GSN/Web/Web-Services
Notification Manager
Query Processor
Query Repository
Storage Manager
Virtual Sensor Manager
Input Stream Manager
Stream Quality Manager
Life Cycle Manager
Pool Of Sensing Devices

16. Open Source blueprint for large scale self-organizing
cloud environments for IoT applications
© Copyright 2013
OpenIoT Consortium 16
Motivation
16
from Sensor Networks
to the Sensor Web

17. Open Source blueprint for large scale self-organizing
cloud environments for IoT applications
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OpenIoT Consortium 17
Heterogeneity problems
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Discoverability
Heterogeneity
Metadata quality
Integration

18. Open Source blueprint for large scale self-organizing
cloud environments for IoT applications
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OpenIoT Consortium 18
Querying the semantic sensor Web
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e.g. publish sensor data as RDF/Linked Data?
URIs as names of things
HTTP URIs
useful information when URI
is dereferenced
Link to other URIs
users
applicatio
ns
WEB
Use ontology models to continuously query real-
time data streams originated from sensors?
static vs. streams
one-off vs. continuous

19. Open Source blueprint for large scale self-organizing
cloud environments for IoT applications
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OpenIoT Consortium 19
The OpenIoT Architecture
Sensor data
management
Semantic data
management

20. Open Source blueprint for large scale self-organizing
cloud environments for IoT applications
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OpenIoT Consortium 20
We need ontologies!

21. Open Source blueprint for large scale self-organizing
cloud environments for IoT applications
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OpenIoT Consortium 21
We need ontologies!

22. Open Source blueprint for large scale self-organizing
cloud environments for IoT applications
© Copyright 2013
OpenIoT Consortium 22
X-GSN Sensor annotation
sensorName=opensense_1
sourceType=lausanne
sensorType=lausanne
information=Air Quality Sensors from Lausanne station 1
author=opensense
feature="http://lsm.deri.ie/OpenIoT/opensensefeature"
fields="humidity,temperature"
field.temperature.propertyName="http://lsm.deri.ie/OpenIoT/Temperature"
field.temperature.unit=C
field.humidity.propertyName="http://lsm.deri.ie/OpenIoT/Humidity"
field.humidity.unit=Percent
latitude=46.529838
longitude=6.596818

23. Open Source blueprint for large scale self-organizing
cloud environments for IoT applications
© Copyright 2013
OpenIoT Consortium 23
X-GSN Observation annotations

24. Open Source blueprint for large scale self-organizing
cloud environments for IoT applications
© Copyright 2013
OpenIoT Consortium 24
Motivation
24
from Sensor Networks
to the Sensor Web
and the Semantic Sensor Web

25. -
© Copyright 2013
OpenIoT Consortium
EU OpenIoT Project
FP7 ICT-2011 1.3: Internet-connected Objects
Open Source blueprint for large
scale self-organizing cloud
environments for IoT applications
OpenIoT X-GSN
OpenIoT Summer School, Galway, August 5, 2014
Jean-Paul Calbimonte
EPFL, Switzerland