Presentation about X ray. by: M.Ovais.Ur.Rehman

2. Dedicated to:
From:

3. X-rays:
 X-radiation is a form of electromagnetic radiation.
 These are low frequency and high energy radiations.

4. Parts: -
1. X-Ray tube.
2. Protective Housing.
3. Operating Console.
4. High Voltage transformer.
5. Collimator.
6. Patient Table.
7. Grid.
8. Bucky.
9. Radiographic film

7.  Divided into:
1. Line compensator.
2. Auto transformer.
3. Current source.
4. Voltage source.
5. Exposure time.

8.  It minimize the variations in power distribution from
the power company to the hospital .

9.  It has only one winding and one core.
 The purpose to use the Autotransformer is to
overcome induction losses.
 Its value ranges from 0 to 400V.

10.  X-ray console have adjustments labeled major kVp and
minor kVp.
 By the combinations of these two, we can get the required
kVp.
 The tube current, the number of electrons crossing from
the cathode to anode per second is measured in milli
Amperes (mA).
 The filament normally operates at currents between 3 and
5 A.

12.  The high voltage transformer is a step-up transformer ..
 The only difference between the primary and secondary
waveforms is the amplitude.
 The turn ratio for most x-ray high voltage transformers is
between 500 and 1000.

13.  The Collimator is attached to the x-ray tube below the
glass window where the useful beam is emitted.
 Lead shutters are used to restrict the beam.
 Its purpose is to minimize field of view, to avoid un
necessary exposure by using lead plates.

14. It is made up of carbon fibers and it do
not disturb x-rays.

15.  It allow useful radiation from body to film.
 It is made up of lead.
 It is located just after patient.
 It is used to destroy scattered radiation from the body.
 The rays which are at 90’ can be passed .

16.  A Bucky is a component of x-ray units that holds the x-
ray film cassette and moves the grid during x-ray
exposure.
 The name refers to Dr. Gustave Bucky who invented the
use of filter grids in 1913.

17.  Photographic film is a sheet of transparent plastic film
base coated on one side with a gelatinemulsion containing
microscopically small light-sensitive silver halide crystals

18. Thank you