The Zero Emissions Ferry Concept is for a series of innovative and cost-effective shuttle ferries featuring zero or low emissions. The design focuses on high energy efficiency with low resistance, both above and below the water line. Ferries are designed to run entirely on batteries or in a battery-engine hybrid configuration where the fuel options are liquefied natural gas (LNG) or biofuel. In plug-in operation, the fuel consumption is reduced by 100% compared with conventional installations. The concept also features Wärtsilä’s new wireless inductive charging system, which eliminates physical cable connections, thus reducing wear and tear and enabling charging to begin immediately when the vessel arrives at quay. The design also encompasses a complete electrical and automation package and a complete bridge control system.

1. © Wärtsilä
Zero Emissions Ferry Concept
Electrical & Hybrid systems
Wärtsilä Marine Solutions E&A
Ingve Sørfonn
Hybrid & Electric Expo 20161

2. © Wärtsilä Hybrid & Electric Expo 20162
THE NEW WÄRTSILÄ ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENERGY EFFICIENT FERRY

3. © Wärtsilä NOT YET CLASSIFIED Hybrid & Electric Expo 20163
THE NEW WÄRTSILÄ ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENERGY EFFICIENT FERRY
Wärtsilä Zero Series
Wärtsilä Hybrid Series

4. © Wärtsilä NOT YET CLASSIFIED Hybrid & Electric Expo 20164
THE NEW WÄRTSILÄ ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENERGY EFFICIENT FERRY
The electrical ferry

5. © Wärtsilä NOT YET CLASSIFIED Hybrid & Electric Expo 20165
THE NEW WÄRTSILÄ ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENERGY EFFICIENT FERRY
Comfort and safety
Improved load and unload operation with single car deck

6. © Wärtsilä NOT YET CLASSIFIED Hybrid & Electric Expo 20166
THE NEW WÄRTSILÄ ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENERGY EFFICIENT FERRY
Control and Monitoring Systems
Wärtsilä integrated bridge
Wärtsilä ProTouch

7. © Wärtsilä NOT YET CLASSIFIED Hybrid & Electric Expo 20167
Propulsion
THE NEW WÄRTSILÄ ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENERGY EFFICIENT FERRY
• Design of ESS
– Small change in speed will change the
need for energy substantial
• Example
– 1 kn increase(reference 13 kn)
represent 40% increase in power
– If taken into account sea marging
during operation the 1 knot increase
represent 58% increase in power
Wärtsilä WST-11
The Wärtsilä Steerable Thruster (WST) Compact series has
been developed in parallel with the latest operating demands
for tugs, river-going vessels, ferry, and various offshore
support vessels.

8. © Wärtsilä NOT YET CLASSIFIED Hybrid & Electric Expo 20168
WÄRTSILÄ INDUCTIVE CHARGING

9. © Wärtsilä NOT YET CLASSIFIED Hybrid & Electric Expo 20169
WÄRTSILÄ INDUCTIVE CHARGING
Automated Mooring & Charging
Automated mooring
system with Vacuum
technology
by Cavotec
Charging system with
Induction technology
by Wärtsilä
Can be standarized for alle ferries and port terminals
Transfer of >1 MW power
Increase time for energy transfer by fast connection and late
disconnection
Improved safety during operation as no mecanical connection is
established
Reduced maintenance cost
Fully automated system
Combined with auto mooring the propulsion can be shut down during
docking
Shore connection to AC or DC or both as standard

10. © Wärtsilä NOT YET CLASSIFIED Hybrid & Electric Expo 201610
HYBRID FERRIES – FLEXIBLE AND MODULAR DESIGN
ALL-ELECTRIC
Batteries used as only power
source all the time during
operations
HYBRID (+ PLUG-IN HYBRID)
Batteries combined with engine
to optimize performance with
variable operation profiles

11. © Wärtsilä NOT YET CLASSIFIED Hybrid & Electric Expo 201611
ENERGY STORAGE - BENEFITS
ENVIRONMENT
LOW NOISE /
VIBRATION
REDUCED
EMISSIONS
SUPPORT
NEW
REGULATIONS
COST EFFICIENT
OPERATIONS
REDUCED
RUNNING HRS
RENEWABLE
ENERGYINCENTIVES
LOW ENERGY
COST
LESS
ENGINE
POWER
INCREASED FLEXIBILITY &
SAFETY
ENERGY
FLEXIBILITY
BACK-UP
POWER
INCREASED
REDUNDANCY

12. © Wärtsilä NOT YET CLASSIFIED Hybrid & Electric Expo 201612
• Optimized engine operation
– Energy storage support operation of engines at
optimal specific fuel consumption
• Reduced engine transients
– Energy storage will be used to reduce transient
loads in engines. Transients will increase fuel
consumption and emissions.
– Maintenance cost will be reduced
• Increased redundancy and efficient
operations
– Power redundancy requirements requires
engines to run at low loads. With energy storage
as redundant power the engine will operate more
efficient on higher loading and secure back-up in
case of trip of engine.
– Engine operation time will be reduced.
Engine Specific Fuel Consumption
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Engine Load [%]
SFC[%]
ENERGY STORAGE - BENEFITS

13. © Wärtsilä NOT YET CLASSIFIED
Battery Cell Battery String Battery assembly
Wärtsilä E&A Hybrid System supplier
- DC grid with power electronics
- Hybrid control system
- Charging concepts
Hybrid & Electric Expo 201613
BATTERY INTEGRATION

14. © Wärtsilä NOT YET CLASSIFIED
1500 USD/kWh
1000 USD/kWh
500 USD/kWh
Hybrid & Electric Expo 201614
BATTERY COST – MARITIME SYSTEMS

15. © Wärtsilä NOT YET CLASSIFIED Hybrid & Electric Expo 201615
ELECTRICAL CONFIGURATION
• Power electronics
• Configurable hardware,
firmware and sw
• Ultra fast fault clearance
• Grid stability control
• Hybrid Control
• Energy Management
• Power Management
• Battery Management
• Battery safety
• Charging Control
• Automatic connection
• Automatic charging
• Automatic disconnection
• Integrated with auto mooring

16. © Wärtsilä NOT YET CLASSIFIED Hybrid & Electric Expo 201616
Short circuit protection with “electronic breaker”
• DC link voltage max drop worst
case scenario <5%.
• Voltage over the faulty power
module
• Fault curent < 1600A
• No disturbance of other operating modules connected to the DC bus
• No disturbance of the AC system
• Very limited damages

17. © Wärtsilä NOT YET CLASSIFIED Hybrid & Electric Expo 201617
DC-bus stability in extreme manouvering
DC-bus voltage
Thruster load in various extreme maouverings

18. © Wärtsilä NOT YET CLASSIFIED Hybrid & Electric Expo 201618
PSV OPERATION WITH ENERGY STORAGE
• 15% reduction in fuel consumption annually
• 20-30% reduction in emissions
• Short pay-back time (4-5 years)
• Silent and emission free operation in
harbours (using batteries)
• Can be installed on new builds and as
retrofits
• Support green operations in the oil & gas
industry
• Need incentives to start investment in an
industry where the oil companies pays the
fuel bill
Annual fuel costs ≈ $ 3,000,000
Savings potential ≈ 15%
Annual savings ≈ $ 500,000
Expected payback time ≈ 4 years
Payback time is based on a new build and an actual operational conditions where the
energy storage is used as redundant source and as peak shaving.

19. © Wärtsilä NOT YET CLASSIFIED Hybrid & Electric Expo 201619
Technology demonstration
FERRY OPERATIONS
• The first ferry that can operate seamless between different modes of operation
– Diesel electric mode (as original)
– A multiple of hybrid modes with or without charging from shore
– Electrical mode with charging renewable energy from shore (no fossile fuel used)
– Testing ongoing in normal operation for over 1 year
– Next step is full scale implementation of inductive charging
– Onshore energy storage and grid connection

20. © Wärtsilä NOT YET CLASSIFIED Hybrid & Electric Expo 201620
SHORE CHARGING SYSTEMS
Power Transfer System
Power Electronics
Energy Storage
Control Systems

21. © Wärtsilä NOT YET CLASSIFIED Hybrid & Electric Expo 201621
FERRY OPERATIONS
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
25% fuel saving
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Energy from shore
Energy from DG
Total
• Charging at one terminal
• 1 MWh batteries + 1 gen-set 500kW operating
• Diesel running hours reduced with 50%
Results from operations

22. © Wärtsilä NOT YET CLASSIFIED Hybrid & Electric Expo 201622
FERRY OPERATIONS
• Charging at one terminal
• Batteries + 1 gen-set operating
• Charging at two terminals
• Only batteries operating
SOC during different operations

23. © Wärtsilä NOT YET CLASSIFIED Hybrid & Electric Expo 201623
FERRY OPERATIONS
• Example of conversion from DE operation to plug-in
operation with energy from shore
– Fleet of 8 ferries
– 5 plug-in electrical - 2 hybrid operated
– Renewable power from shore
Fuel cost 430 €/ton
EL cost 50 €/MWh
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
DE Plug-in
DE versus plug-in operation
MGO tons EL MWh CO2 MGO tons
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
3,500,000
4,000,000
DE Plug-in
DE versus plug-in operation
Fuel € EL € TOT €

24. © Wärtsilä NOT YET CLASSIFIED Hybrid & Electric Expo 201624
Conclusions
• Results from operations concludes the benefits of energy storage and hybrid operations including
plug-in solutions
– Electrical plug-in operation reduce operational cost and zero emission can be achived with renewable energy
– Hybrid plug-in hybrid operation is attractive for many ships due to flexibility and fuel saving and reduced
emissions
– Hybrid operation with variable operational profiles reduce operational cost and emissions with the right
configuration and operational profile
• Energy storage systems(ESS) has documented reliable and safe operation and new class notations
are already in place
• Understanding the operational needs is critical for design of the ESS and the overall control
philosophy
ELECTRICAL & HYBRID SYSTEMS