In December 2014 WRT held a Catchment Based Approach and Catchment Restoration Fund Conference in Exeter. The University of Plymouth's Sean Comber gave a summary of their work with WRT to examine the effects of road run-off on the Upper River Teign.
Water quality monitoring of tributaries flowing into Otsego Lake continued in 2015. Nutrient concentrations and physiochemical data were collected from five tributaries providing 70% of inflow. Past studies attributed increasing eutrophication in the lake to nutrient loading from human sources like wastewater and agriculture. Best Management Practices had been implemented near tributaries to improve water quality. High precipitation in 2015 caused nutrient influxes into tributaries. Phosphorus levels decreased while nitrogen fluctuated annually. Sites also had cooler temperatures and more dissolved oxygen compared to previous years.
The study analyzed the effect of fertilization from a golf course on water quality in the upper Cove River watershed. Water samples were collected from 8 locations and tested for various factors from October 2010 to February 2011. Results showed average nitrate levels were higher in the East Side Tributary flowing from the golf course, indicating fertilizer runoff may be increasing nitrate concentrations. However, overall water quality appeared healthy, with nitrate levels below EPA standards. Riparian wetlands along the streams appeared to filter out nitrate. While the golf course may influence some areas, the watershed water quality was deemed healthy.
Testing and Implementation of AMD Mitigation, Alum Gulch-Flux Canyon, Cox Gul...Daniel Eyde
The document summarizes a plan to mitigate acid mine drainage (AMD) and heavy metals in several tributaries in southeastern Arizona that flow into Sonoita Creek and Patagonia Lake. The plan involves installing gabion retaining wall structures and stream bed footers containing zeolite materials downstream of mine discharge points to raise pH and reduce metals like zinc, cadmium, lead, and copper. Water quality and biological monitoring will occur before and after installation to evaluate effectiveness. Zeolites are effective at absorbing metals and raising pH, as shown in previous studies. The structures are intended to last 5-10 years before material replacement depending on runoff conditions.
Cypress Creek / Blanco River Data Summary Reportjwna
This document summarizes water quality data from the Cypress Creek and Blanco River watersheds in Texas from 2005-2011. It finds that groundwater interactions strongly influence sites like Jacob's Well and Blue Hole. Downstream, surface conditions like runoff and drought have a greater effect. E. coli and nitrogen levels generally increase downstream while dissolved oxygen rises. Extended droughts in 2008-2009 and 2010-2011 significantly impacted water quality, lowering dissolved oxygen and raising ammonia levels. The data show nitrogen builds up during dry periods and spikes after rain.
This document discusses topics related to environmental engineering, including different sources of surface and groundwater, water quality parameters, water demand analysis, population forecasting methods, and water supply planning. It describes key physical, chemical, and biological indicators used to analyze water quality. It also outlines domestic, industrial, commercial, and public water demands and considerations like fire flows and losses. Population forecasting methods include arithmetic, geometric, and comparative graphical techniques.
This document summarizes a study that used stable isotope analysis of oxygen and carbon in freshwater mussel shells and river water to reconstruct seasonal changes in two rivers in Europe. Seasonal growth increments in bivalve shells recorded similar patterns to the isotopic composition of ambient river water. This indicates that shells precipitate in isotopic equilibrium with the river water. By matching the isotope patterns in shells and water, the study was able to determine intra-seasonal growth rates and conclude that growth is mainly influenced by food availability and primary productivity. Therefore, stable isotope analysis of bivalve shells can serve as a proxy for past water conditions and environmental factors in the rivers.
1) Students from Skriaudžiai conducted a water pollution research experiment at local ponds and wells. They took water samples from 4 locations in the ponds and 2 wells to test quality.
2) Testing of the pond and well water samples found nitrite, nitrate, hardness, alkalinity, pH and chlorine levels were normal except for higher hardness levels at one pond location.
3) Water quality in the ponds was suitable for fish and water from the wells and students' homes tested as good quality and safe.
Aeration And Destratification In Governor Bond Lakejohnsalo
The document summarizes the issues affecting water quality in Governor Bond Lake in Greenville, IL, and the aeration system installed to address them. Prior attempts using other aeration methods were unsuccessful. The new system uses a venturi-type eductor-jet aerator with an intake manifold to mix the stratified water layers, eliminate thermal stratification and algal blooms, increase dissolved oxygen levels, and improve water quality for the City. Water quality monitoring after installation showed reductions in phosphorus levels and improvements in temperature uniformity, turbidity, taste, and odor.
Water quality monitoring of tributaries flowing into Otsego Lake continued in 2015. Nutrient concentrations and physiochemical data were collected from five tributaries providing 70% of inflow. Past studies attributed increasing eutrophication in the lake to nutrient loading from human sources like wastewater and agriculture. Best Management Practices had been implemented near tributaries to improve water quality. High precipitation in 2015 caused nutrient influxes into tributaries. Phosphorus levels decreased while nitrogen fluctuated annually. Sites also had cooler temperatures and more dissolved oxygen compared to previous years.
The study analyzed the effect of fertilization from a golf course on water quality in the upper Cove River watershed. Water samples were collected from 8 locations and tested for various factors from October 2010 to February 2011. Results showed average nitrate levels were higher in the East Side Tributary flowing from the golf course, indicating fertilizer runoff may be increasing nitrate concentrations. However, overall water quality appeared healthy, with nitrate levels below EPA standards. Riparian wetlands along the streams appeared to filter out nitrate. While the golf course may influence some areas, the watershed water quality was deemed healthy.
Testing and Implementation of AMD Mitigation, Alum Gulch-Flux Canyon, Cox Gul...Daniel Eyde
The document summarizes a plan to mitigate acid mine drainage (AMD) and heavy metals in several tributaries in southeastern Arizona that flow into Sonoita Creek and Patagonia Lake. The plan involves installing gabion retaining wall structures and stream bed footers containing zeolite materials downstream of mine discharge points to raise pH and reduce metals like zinc, cadmium, lead, and copper. Water quality and biological monitoring will occur before and after installation to evaluate effectiveness. Zeolites are effective at absorbing metals and raising pH, as shown in previous studies. The structures are intended to last 5-10 years before material replacement depending on runoff conditions.
Cypress Creek / Blanco River Data Summary Reportjwna
This document summarizes water quality data from the Cypress Creek and Blanco River watersheds in Texas from 2005-2011. It finds that groundwater interactions strongly influence sites like Jacob's Well and Blue Hole. Downstream, surface conditions like runoff and drought have a greater effect. E. coli and nitrogen levels generally increase downstream while dissolved oxygen rises. Extended droughts in 2008-2009 and 2010-2011 significantly impacted water quality, lowering dissolved oxygen and raising ammonia levels. The data show nitrogen builds up during dry periods and spikes after rain.
This document discusses topics related to environmental engineering, including different sources of surface and groundwater, water quality parameters, water demand analysis, population forecasting methods, and water supply planning. It describes key physical, chemical, and biological indicators used to analyze water quality. It also outlines domestic, industrial, commercial, and public water demands and considerations like fire flows and losses. Population forecasting methods include arithmetic, geometric, and comparative graphical techniques.
This document summarizes a study that used stable isotope analysis of oxygen and carbon in freshwater mussel shells and river water to reconstruct seasonal changes in two rivers in Europe. Seasonal growth increments in bivalve shells recorded similar patterns to the isotopic composition of ambient river water. This indicates that shells precipitate in isotopic equilibrium with the river water. By matching the isotope patterns in shells and water, the study was able to determine intra-seasonal growth rates and conclude that growth is mainly influenced by food availability and primary productivity. Therefore, stable isotope analysis of bivalve shells can serve as a proxy for past water conditions and environmental factors in the rivers.
1) Students from Skriaudžiai conducted a water pollution research experiment at local ponds and wells. They took water samples from 4 locations in the ponds and 2 wells to test quality.
2) Testing of the pond and well water samples found nitrite, nitrate, hardness, alkalinity, pH and chlorine levels were normal except for higher hardness levels at one pond location.
3) Water quality in the ponds was suitable for fish and water from the wells and students' homes tested as good quality and safe.
Aeration And Destratification In Governor Bond Lakejohnsalo
The document summarizes the issues affecting water quality in Governor Bond Lake in Greenville, IL, and the aeration system installed to address them. Prior attempts using other aeration methods were unsuccessful. The new system uses a venturi-type eductor-jet aerator with an intake manifold to mix the stratified water layers, eliminate thermal stratification and algal blooms, increase dissolved oxygen levels, and improve water quality for the City. Water quality monitoring after installation showed reductions in phosphorus levels and improvements in temperature uniformity, turbidity, taste, and odor.
This document summarizes the effects of acid rain on two Appalachian streams, Little Tumbling Creek and North Fork Stony Creek, and mitigation efforts. It finds that acid rain lowered the pH and depleted fish populations in both streams due to low buffering capacities. Little Tumbling Creek was limed in 2012, raising pH and allowing brook trout reintroduction. Monitoring found limestone effectively raised pH and neutralizing capacity over time. North Fork Stony Creek is also a candidate for liming to support aquatic life. Continued monitoring is needed to evaluate mitigation success and guide further restoration.
This document summarizes an experiment on the effects of salinity on freshwater fishes. The experiment involved exposing freshwater fish to three different salinity levels (0%, 5%, and 15%) over seven days and observing changes. At 15% salinity, fish exhibited low energy, rigidity, loss of scales, and secretion from the body. Some fish died within a few days at 15% salinity. Physiological changes and deaths increased with higher salinity levels as freshwater fish lack mechanisms to tolerate saltwater. The results indicate that changes in salinity beyond about 9% can negatively impact or kill freshwater fish due to osmotic stress on their bodies.
EOPS_August_24_2016,
In July, conditions were normalizing, yet river flows remained lower, continuing into August. July also saw lower oxygen appearing in southern Puget Sound. By August, jellyfish are occurring in high numbers in Eld and Budd Inlet. South Puget Sound has Noctiluca drifting at the surface in large orange lines in many places and red-brown blooms widespread in finger inlets, as well as in Sinclair Inlet. Central Sound surface-water temperatures are high, still in the 60s, and algae are abundant. See what we are measuring to understand ocean acidification in Puget Sound.
Publication No. 16-03-076
This document discusses challenges with managing groundwater resources in hard rock terrain in Swedish coastal regions. Traditional surface water reservoirs are limited, and over 1 million people rely on private wells. A water balance model is presented that accounts for heterogeneity of the fractured bedrock, soil cover, recharge rates, and subsurface flows. Increasing permanent residency is exacerbating shortages. The model shows localized impacts even at low residency increases, and general agreement with other methods but reveals more complex spatial patterns at different temporal and geographic scales.
The document summarizes a study of a spring water source in Bay Springs, South Carolina to determine its potential for bottled spring water. Water samples were taken directly from the spring and from a nearby pond fed by the spring. Chemical analysis showed the water quality met South Carolina drinking water standards, with very low levels of substances like calcium, iron, nitrates, and metals. No pesticides, volatile organics, or other contaminants were detected. The spring could potentially be used for bottled water depending on demand and obtaining the necessary permits.
Early warning of glacial lake outburst floods and climate change monitoring i...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
Christoph HAEMMIG1, Hansrudolf KEUSEN1, Josef HESS2
1Geotest AG, Switzerland; 2Federal Office for the Environment, Executive Director LAINAT, Switzerland;
This document discusses stormwater drainage and bacteria levels at Cowell Beach in Santa Cruz, California. It notes that stormwater drains from Neary Lagoon, Laurel Creek, and Bay Creek drain to Cowell Beach, except during the dry season when Neary Lagoon's flow is diverted. Bacteria levels at Cowell Beach, especially near the beach outlet vault, are much higher in the summer than the winter. Potential contributing factors include more beach use, birds, sea lions, stagnant storm drain lines, rotting kelp on the beach, and nearshore upwelling. The City has taken steps to address issues like fixing a sewer lateral, isolating Neary Lagoon, expanding
Effects of Road Salting on Public Supply Wells, Suffolk County NYtyrand
Road salting practices in Suffolk County, New York are negatively impacting local groundwater quality. Analysis of bromide and chloride levels found elevated ratios consistent with road salt intrusion near highways. Two wellfields showed clear evidence of saltwater or road salt contamination through changing bromide-chloride ratios over time. Potential solutions like improved drainage systems or reducing road salt usage could help but have not been implemented due to high costs.
Art Grguric, Backleggs Creek Watershed Association, Operations and Maintenanc...Michael Hewitt, GISP
This document discusses operation and maintenance issues at the Big Run acid mine drainage treatment complex in Indiana County, Pennsylvania. It describes problems at several treatment systems, including systems being too small to adequately treat flows, requiring frequent stone cleaning and flushing, and issues with clogging and untreated water bypassing treatment. It also notes the need to control discharge flows and manage sludge from the lime dosing system given limited space for sludge ponds. Regular maintenance is needed but can require significant time, especially during high flow periods. The downstream waters have seen improvements in acidity levels since treatment began.
This document describes an activity where students measure the salinity of a salt water sample. Students collect a salt water sample, evaporate the water, and weigh the remaining salt to calculate the salinity. They record their results on a worksheet and submit the class average salinity to a global database for the International Year of Chemistry. The activity teaches students about solutions and properties of sea water while contributing to a global survey of salinity.
Typically in Maine, petroleum contamination is remediated utilizing techniques that don’t take into account energy consumption or the overall “carbon footprint” of the remedial option. Soil excavation is the most common method, while groundwater extraction and treatment is used for sensitive groundwater resources. Trucking contaminated soil has the obvious environmental impacts of fuel consumption and air emissions. Pump and treat groundwater systems consume large amounts of electricity for pumps and filters, and often generate wastes that requires special disposal.
At a site in western Maine, St.Germain Collins designed and implemented a green technology for groundwater treatment that consumed no electricity, generated no waste, and had a carbon footprint limited to vehicle use for periodic site visits. This system was based on the fact that petroleum hydrocarbons in groundwater are degraded by microbes naturally present in the subsurface. Biodegradation is often limited by a lack of oxygen, and to accelerate the process, St.Germain Collins installed a ten well oxygen injection system.
The effectiveness of the system was monitored by sampling five wells known to be contaminated. Before system startup, groundwater impacts were dominated by volatile petroleum hydrocarbons (VPH) with a high of 11,961 ug/L. After six months of operation, VPH at the same location was reduced to 4,599 ug/L. A similar pattern was observed across the Site with no significant rebound observed two months after system shutdown. Because of its effectiveness and minimal environmental impact, oxygen injection should be considered as a viable remedial method for petroleum contaminated groundwater in Maine.
EOPS_September_26_2016,
September is jellyfish season and they are everywhere in southern Puget Sound! Sunny, warm, and dry conditions promoted strong late-summer plankton blooms in colors of red, green, and brown, now widespread in many bays. In contrast, Central Sound looks clear with low algal activity. Southern Puget Sound has large floating mats of organic material and developed lower oxygen in August. Meet the Critter of the Month - The Sweet Potato Sea Cucumber.
Publication No. 16-03-077
This presentation proposes an alternative plan to breach Lower Granite Dam safely and at lower cost than the US Army Corps of Engineers plan. The plan uses the spillway and turbines to draw down the reservoir without modification. The earthen embankment would then be notched with minimal equipment, allowing for a slow drawdown and minimal damage. The remaining embankment would be hydraulically breached, creating a peak flow of 151k cfs without adversely affecting downstream dams. The new river channel would form during higher spring flows. WinDAM B software was used to model the breach hydrograph and process.
This document summarizes loss on ignition (LOI) results from a sediment core collected from Crystal Lake in western Ohio. LOI analysis was conducted on three additional drives from the core to further investigate quasi-cycles in organic material and calcium carbonate levels over time. The results provide evidence of fluctuating organic content between 4-18% over depths of 1200-1550cm. Calcium carbonate levels were highest from 1100-1460cm and decreased below 1460cm, potentially indicating a change in the carbon cycle. Continued LOI and other analyses at this site will improve understanding of past climate changes in the region.
REVISION AS CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY: RIVERS - WATER BUDGETGeorge Dumitrache
This document contains 4 questions and answers about hydrology and water budgets. It asks about the major inputs and outputs of water in a basin, when a basin would have a surplus or deficit of water depending on whether inputs exceed outputs, and how outputs could exceed inputs over a year if water is released from storage from the previous year's inputs.
This document summarizes research on the spatial distribution of salinity in a floodplain area related to organic matter accumulation. Researchers studied an oxbow lake called Lake Kisinc that is part of a rehabilitation plan to improve water supply and regulation. Water samples were taken from two depths over 24 hours and tested for various water quality parameters. The results showed that the lake remains in poor condition with low oxygen levels, high organic content, and elevated nutrients. Filling the larger lake surface area as planned will not provide adequate depth and water quality is unlikely to improve without periodic flooding from the nearby Drava River to flush the system.
DSD-INT 2015 - EU FP7 Mars groundwater modelling and water quality in catchme...Deltares
This document discusses modeling groundwater-surface water interaction in the Dinkel catchment. It notes that groundwater is an important connection between streams and their catchments, providing baseflow and influencing water chemistry and temperature. The document analyzes the baseflow index of different streams, finding contributions ranging from 10-80%. It explains that the groundwater contribution is a mix of shallow, young groundwater and deep, old groundwater with varying flow paths and travel times. Models are used to calculate groundwater fluxes and particle tracking is used to model flow paths and travel times. The document concludes that groundwater sustains surface water flow, buffers temperature, and its contribution varies impacting water quantity and quality.
Impacts of Lafayette Mining In The Island of Rapu-Rapu Albay Resulting From C...No to mining in Palawan
Mining must not be conducted in Rapu-Rapu for the following reasons:
a) Rapu-rapu is an island ecosystem with
steep slope;
b) It is characterized by a Type II climate - no dry season with very pronounced wet period from November to January (PAGASA Corona classification);
c) It is located along typhoon path; and
d) Its massive iron sulfide rocks are capable of generating sulfuric acid.
These geophysico-chemical conditions are the reasons why, within only four months of operation, Lafayette mining caused two cyanide spills and fish-kills in October 11 and 31, 2005.
Apparently, it also brought about fish-kills in the adjacent province of Sorsogon.
This presentation was given as part of the EPA-funded Catchment Science and Management Course focusing on Integrated Catchment Management, held in June 2015. This course was delivered by RPS Consultants. If you have any queries or comments, or wish to use the material in this presentation, please contact catchments@epa.ie
It is increasingly being recognised internationally that integrated catchment management (ICM) is a useful organising framework for tackling the ongoing challenge of balancing sustainable use and development of our natural resource, against achieving environmental goals. The basic principles of ICM (Williams, 2012) are to:
• Take a holistic and integrated approach to the management of land, biodiversity, water and community resources at the water catchment scale;
• Involve communities in planning and managing their landscapes; and
• Find a balance between resource use and resource conservation
ICM is now well established in Australia, New Zealand, and the United States. In Europe the ICM approach has been proposed as being required to achieve effective water and catchment management, and is the approach being promoted by DEFRA for the UK, where it is called the “Catchment Based Approach” (CaBA). The principles and methodologies behind ICM sit well within the context of the Water Framework Directive with its aims and objectives for good water quality, sustainable development and public participation in water resource management. In Ireland it is proposed that the ICM approach will underlie the work and philosophy in developing and implementing future River Basin Management Plans.
Variability of Coal Mine Drainage in Pennsylvania Resulting from Coal Mining ...Michael Hewitt, GISP
Terry Schmidt P.E., Skelly and Loy, “Variability of Coal Mine Drainage in Pennsylvania Resulting from Coal Mining Practices and Geology”
Mining methods employed can have a significant impact on resulting mine drainage characteristics. Also, the hydrologic regime and the individual coal seams as well as the geology above and directly below. These factors in combination can affect coal mine drainage quality in a variety of ways and will be reviewed with site specific examples within the primary coal regions of Pennsylvania.
A Review of Zeolite Based Treatment Water Systems and Thier Applicability in ...Daniel Eyde
The revisions to the Clean Water Act, ever lower NPDES water discharge standards and competition for scarce water resources have increased the need for cost-effective water treatment products and applications. Many water treatment sites are remote and lack infrastructure, others are passive or semi-passisve wetlands and bioreactors whose effluent, while meeting discharge standards, still require additional treatment for turbidity, COD, BOD and pH adjustment. The use of natural zeolites, alone or in conjunction with other treatment technologies, have had success in mitigating amD/amR discharges, as well as heavy metals, turbidity, NH4+, Al, Mn and silica in coal and hard rock mining impacted effluents. In uranium mining areas and NURE impacted waters, treatment systems initially designed more for problems like for Three Mile Island and Fukushima have been effective in capturing radionuclides in both passive and active treatment systems, most recently at the Homestake Uranium Tailings at Grants, NM. The applicability of the ion exchange and filtration capabilities of zeolites, their ability to be used in passive treatment systems and their limitations are reviewed.
This document summarizes the effects of acid rain on two Appalachian streams, Little Tumbling Creek and North Fork Stony Creek, and mitigation efforts. It finds that acid rain lowered the pH and depleted fish populations in both streams due to low buffering capacities. Little Tumbling Creek was limed in 2012, raising pH and allowing brook trout reintroduction. Monitoring found limestone effectively raised pH and neutralizing capacity over time. North Fork Stony Creek is also a candidate for liming to support aquatic life. Continued monitoring is needed to evaluate mitigation success and guide further restoration.
This document summarizes an experiment on the effects of salinity on freshwater fishes. The experiment involved exposing freshwater fish to three different salinity levels (0%, 5%, and 15%) over seven days and observing changes. At 15% salinity, fish exhibited low energy, rigidity, loss of scales, and secretion from the body. Some fish died within a few days at 15% salinity. Physiological changes and deaths increased with higher salinity levels as freshwater fish lack mechanisms to tolerate saltwater. The results indicate that changes in salinity beyond about 9% can negatively impact or kill freshwater fish due to osmotic stress on their bodies.
EOPS_August_24_2016,
In July, conditions were normalizing, yet river flows remained lower, continuing into August. July also saw lower oxygen appearing in southern Puget Sound. By August, jellyfish are occurring in high numbers in Eld and Budd Inlet. South Puget Sound has Noctiluca drifting at the surface in large orange lines in many places and red-brown blooms widespread in finger inlets, as well as in Sinclair Inlet. Central Sound surface-water temperatures are high, still in the 60s, and algae are abundant. See what we are measuring to understand ocean acidification in Puget Sound.
Publication No. 16-03-076
This document discusses challenges with managing groundwater resources in hard rock terrain in Swedish coastal regions. Traditional surface water reservoirs are limited, and over 1 million people rely on private wells. A water balance model is presented that accounts for heterogeneity of the fractured bedrock, soil cover, recharge rates, and subsurface flows. Increasing permanent residency is exacerbating shortages. The model shows localized impacts even at low residency increases, and general agreement with other methods but reveals more complex spatial patterns at different temporal and geographic scales.
The document summarizes a study of a spring water source in Bay Springs, South Carolina to determine its potential for bottled spring water. Water samples were taken directly from the spring and from a nearby pond fed by the spring. Chemical analysis showed the water quality met South Carolina drinking water standards, with very low levels of substances like calcium, iron, nitrates, and metals. No pesticides, volatile organics, or other contaminants were detected. The spring could potentially be used for bottled water depending on demand and obtaining the necessary permits.
Early warning of glacial lake outburst floods and climate change monitoring i...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
Christoph HAEMMIG1, Hansrudolf KEUSEN1, Josef HESS2
1Geotest AG, Switzerland; 2Federal Office for the Environment, Executive Director LAINAT, Switzerland;
This document discusses stormwater drainage and bacteria levels at Cowell Beach in Santa Cruz, California. It notes that stormwater drains from Neary Lagoon, Laurel Creek, and Bay Creek drain to Cowell Beach, except during the dry season when Neary Lagoon's flow is diverted. Bacteria levels at Cowell Beach, especially near the beach outlet vault, are much higher in the summer than the winter. Potential contributing factors include more beach use, birds, sea lions, stagnant storm drain lines, rotting kelp on the beach, and nearshore upwelling. The City has taken steps to address issues like fixing a sewer lateral, isolating Neary Lagoon, expanding
Effects of Road Salting on Public Supply Wells, Suffolk County NYtyrand
Road salting practices in Suffolk County, New York are negatively impacting local groundwater quality. Analysis of bromide and chloride levels found elevated ratios consistent with road salt intrusion near highways. Two wellfields showed clear evidence of saltwater or road salt contamination through changing bromide-chloride ratios over time. Potential solutions like improved drainage systems or reducing road salt usage could help but have not been implemented due to high costs.
Art Grguric, Backleggs Creek Watershed Association, Operations and Maintenanc...Michael Hewitt, GISP
This document discusses operation and maintenance issues at the Big Run acid mine drainage treatment complex in Indiana County, Pennsylvania. It describes problems at several treatment systems, including systems being too small to adequately treat flows, requiring frequent stone cleaning and flushing, and issues with clogging and untreated water bypassing treatment. It also notes the need to control discharge flows and manage sludge from the lime dosing system given limited space for sludge ponds. Regular maintenance is needed but can require significant time, especially during high flow periods. The downstream waters have seen improvements in acidity levels since treatment began.
This document describes an activity where students measure the salinity of a salt water sample. Students collect a salt water sample, evaporate the water, and weigh the remaining salt to calculate the salinity. They record their results on a worksheet and submit the class average salinity to a global database for the International Year of Chemistry. The activity teaches students about solutions and properties of sea water while contributing to a global survey of salinity.
Typically in Maine, petroleum contamination is remediated utilizing techniques that don’t take into account energy consumption or the overall “carbon footprint” of the remedial option. Soil excavation is the most common method, while groundwater extraction and treatment is used for sensitive groundwater resources. Trucking contaminated soil has the obvious environmental impacts of fuel consumption and air emissions. Pump and treat groundwater systems consume large amounts of electricity for pumps and filters, and often generate wastes that requires special disposal.
At a site in western Maine, St.Germain Collins designed and implemented a green technology for groundwater treatment that consumed no electricity, generated no waste, and had a carbon footprint limited to vehicle use for periodic site visits. This system was based on the fact that petroleum hydrocarbons in groundwater are degraded by microbes naturally present in the subsurface. Biodegradation is often limited by a lack of oxygen, and to accelerate the process, St.Germain Collins installed a ten well oxygen injection system.
The effectiveness of the system was monitored by sampling five wells known to be contaminated. Before system startup, groundwater impacts were dominated by volatile petroleum hydrocarbons (VPH) with a high of 11,961 ug/L. After six months of operation, VPH at the same location was reduced to 4,599 ug/L. A similar pattern was observed across the Site with no significant rebound observed two months after system shutdown. Because of its effectiveness and minimal environmental impact, oxygen injection should be considered as a viable remedial method for petroleum contaminated groundwater in Maine.
EOPS_September_26_2016,
September is jellyfish season and they are everywhere in southern Puget Sound! Sunny, warm, and dry conditions promoted strong late-summer plankton blooms in colors of red, green, and brown, now widespread in many bays. In contrast, Central Sound looks clear with low algal activity. Southern Puget Sound has large floating mats of organic material and developed lower oxygen in August. Meet the Critter of the Month - The Sweet Potato Sea Cucumber.
Publication No. 16-03-077
This presentation proposes an alternative plan to breach Lower Granite Dam safely and at lower cost than the US Army Corps of Engineers plan. The plan uses the spillway and turbines to draw down the reservoir without modification. The earthen embankment would then be notched with minimal equipment, allowing for a slow drawdown and minimal damage. The remaining embankment would be hydraulically breached, creating a peak flow of 151k cfs without adversely affecting downstream dams. The new river channel would form during higher spring flows. WinDAM B software was used to model the breach hydrograph and process.
This document summarizes loss on ignition (LOI) results from a sediment core collected from Crystal Lake in western Ohio. LOI analysis was conducted on three additional drives from the core to further investigate quasi-cycles in organic material and calcium carbonate levels over time. The results provide evidence of fluctuating organic content between 4-18% over depths of 1200-1550cm. Calcium carbonate levels were highest from 1100-1460cm and decreased below 1460cm, potentially indicating a change in the carbon cycle. Continued LOI and other analyses at this site will improve understanding of past climate changes in the region.
REVISION AS CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY: RIVERS - WATER BUDGETGeorge Dumitrache
This document contains 4 questions and answers about hydrology and water budgets. It asks about the major inputs and outputs of water in a basin, when a basin would have a surplus or deficit of water depending on whether inputs exceed outputs, and how outputs could exceed inputs over a year if water is released from storage from the previous year's inputs.
This document summarizes research on the spatial distribution of salinity in a floodplain area related to organic matter accumulation. Researchers studied an oxbow lake called Lake Kisinc that is part of a rehabilitation plan to improve water supply and regulation. Water samples were taken from two depths over 24 hours and tested for various water quality parameters. The results showed that the lake remains in poor condition with low oxygen levels, high organic content, and elevated nutrients. Filling the larger lake surface area as planned will not provide adequate depth and water quality is unlikely to improve without periodic flooding from the nearby Drava River to flush the system.
DSD-INT 2015 - EU FP7 Mars groundwater modelling and water quality in catchme...Deltares
This document discusses modeling groundwater-surface water interaction in the Dinkel catchment. It notes that groundwater is an important connection between streams and their catchments, providing baseflow and influencing water chemistry and temperature. The document analyzes the baseflow index of different streams, finding contributions ranging from 10-80%. It explains that the groundwater contribution is a mix of shallow, young groundwater and deep, old groundwater with varying flow paths and travel times. Models are used to calculate groundwater fluxes and particle tracking is used to model flow paths and travel times. The document concludes that groundwater sustains surface water flow, buffers temperature, and its contribution varies impacting water quantity and quality.
Impacts of Lafayette Mining In The Island of Rapu-Rapu Albay Resulting From C...No to mining in Palawan
Mining must not be conducted in Rapu-Rapu for the following reasons:
a) Rapu-rapu is an island ecosystem with
steep slope;
b) It is characterized by a Type II climate - no dry season with very pronounced wet period from November to January (PAGASA Corona classification);
c) It is located along typhoon path; and
d) Its massive iron sulfide rocks are capable of generating sulfuric acid.
These geophysico-chemical conditions are the reasons why, within only four months of operation, Lafayette mining caused two cyanide spills and fish-kills in October 11 and 31, 2005.
Apparently, it also brought about fish-kills in the adjacent province of Sorsogon.
This presentation was given as part of the EPA-funded Catchment Science and Management Course focusing on Integrated Catchment Management, held in June 2015. This course was delivered by RPS Consultants. If you have any queries or comments, or wish to use the material in this presentation, please contact catchments@epa.ie
It is increasingly being recognised internationally that integrated catchment management (ICM) is a useful organising framework for tackling the ongoing challenge of balancing sustainable use and development of our natural resource, against achieving environmental goals. The basic principles of ICM (Williams, 2012) are to:
• Take a holistic and integrated approach to the management of land, biodiversity, water and community resources at the water catchment scale;
• Involve communities in planning and managing their landscapes; and
• Find a balance between resource use and resource conservation
ICM is now well established in Australia, New Zealand, and the United States. In Europe the ICM approach has been proposed as being required to achieve effective water and catchment management, and is the approach being promoted by DEFRA for the UK, where it is called the “Catchment Based Approach” (CaBA). The principles and methodologies behind ICM sit well within the context of the Water Framework Directive with its aims and objectives for good water quality, sustainable development and public participation in water resource management. In Ireland it is proposed that the ICM approach will underlie the work and philosophy in developing and implementing future River Basin Management Plans.
Variability of Coal Mine Drainage in Pennsylvania Resulting from Coal Mining ...Michael Hewitt, GISP
Terry Schmidt P.E., Skelly and Loy, “Variability of Coal Mine Drainage in Pennsylvania Resulting from Coal Mining Practices and Geology”
Mining methods employed can have a significant impact on resulting mine drainage characteristics. Also, the hydrologic regime and the individual coal seams as well as the geology above and directly below. These factors in combination can affect coal mine drainage quality in a variety of ways and will be reviewed with site specific examples within the primary coal regions of Pennsylvania.
A Review of Zeolite Based Treatment Water Systems and Thier Applicability in ...Daniel Eyde
The revisions to the Clean Water Act, ever lower NPDES water discharge standards and competition for scarce water resources have increased the need for cost-effective water treatment products and applications. Many water treatment sites are remote and lack infrastructure, others are passive or semi-passisve wetlands and bioreactors whose effluent, while meeting discharge standards, still require additional treatment for turbidity, COD, BOD and pH adjustment. The use of natural zeolites, alone or in conjunction with other treatment technologies, have had success in mitigating amD/amR discharges, as well as heavy metals, turbidity, NH4+, Al, Mn and silica in coal and hard rock mining impacted effluents. In uranium mining areas and NURE impacted waters, treatment systems initially designed more for problems like for Three Mile Island and Fukushima have been effective in capturing radionuclides in both passive and active treatment systems, most recently at the Homestake Uranium Tailings at Grants, NM. The applicability of the ion exchange and filtration capabilities of zeolites, their ability to be used in passive treatment systems and their limitations are reviewed.
Case Studies: Treatment of Acid Mine and Metal Contaminated Waters Using Zeol...Daniel Eyde
The Presentation presents case studies using zeolites in the treatment of acid mine and metal contaminated waters at Coal Operations in WV, & Legacy Mine Water Discharges at Uranium, Gold and Silver Operations in NM, MT and AZ
This document summarizes a study conducted by undergraduate geology students at Fort Lewis College analyzing water quality data from the Gold King Mine spill. The students:
1) Compared water quality data from EPA samples to their own samples collected along the Animas River after the spill.
2) Created a 3D model of the Gold King Mine underground workings to investigate possible connections explaining high discharge volumes.
3) Presented their comparative analysis and findings to the public to provide a more complete understanding of the mine and varying metal concentrations in streams.
This document summarizes research on fine sediment over the last 40 years. It discusses what we have learned about the quantity, quality, sources, and storage of fine sediment in rivers. Key findings include:
- Suspended sediment yields can vary widely between catchments, from around 2-500 tonnes/km2/year.
- Sediment source fingerprinting techniques have improved our understanding of where sediment comes from.
- Significant amounts of sediment are temporarily stored in river beds and floodplains.
- Catchment sediment budgets that account for sources, in-channel storage, and conveyance can be useful management tools.
1. Laboratory column experiments were conducted to investigate pollutant leaching from waste rock at an abandoned mine in southwest England. Metals (Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb, Zn) and major ions were measured in leachate from the dynamic up-flow percolation tests.
2. The highest concentrations of Zn, Cu, and Cd in leachate occurred at low solid to liquid ratios. Concentrations decreased exponentially for most elements except Pb, which remained high. Batch extractions showed similar results except for some differences at high ratios.
3. Field measurements of shallow groundwater near the mine site showed Zn and Cd concentrations comparable to column experiments at high ratios. However, Pb and
This presentation was given at the Catchment Management Network meeting on February 24th 2017. The Catchment Management Network consists of the EPA, all of Ireland's Local Authorities, and other public bodies involved in looking after Ireland's catchments, sub-catchments and water bodies. For more information about this work see www.catchments.ie
1.5 "Environmental Concern and QA/QC in Shale Gas Drilling and Fracturing" - ...Pomcert
The document discusses environmental concerns and quality assurance/quality control practices regarding shale gas drilling and hydraulic fracturing. It covers topics such as well construction, cementing, casing, mud selection, fracturing, water sourcing and management, and monitoring. It emphasizes the importance of best practices like baseline water testing, closed-loop systems, secondary containment, inspection, and optimization to safely develop shale gas resources while protecting water and the environment.
Environmental Impact mining Jiu RomaniaRemco van Ek
The document summarizes the environmental impacts of mining and energy production in the Jiu river basin in Romania. It describes characteristics of the river basin, impacts from human activities like agriculture, mining and power plants. Mining and power production are important economically but degrade the environment through air, soil, and water pollution. Historic pollution remains an issue. Climate change may exacerbate problems. Protection of soil and water resources is important for future economic development and adaptation.
Pollution of groundwater in gujarat by sagarSAGARSHAH123
This document provides an overview of groundwater pollution in Gujarat, India. It discusses groundwater usage worldwide and in key countries. It then examines the physicochemical parameters used to analyze groundwater quality. The major causes of groundwater pollution in Gujarat are identified as agriculture, industry, mining, urban waste, and saltwater intrusion in coastal areas. High fluoride and nitrate levels are major issues affecting many districts in Gujarat. The Ankleshwar industrial area is presented as a case study where groundwater monitoring found elevated TDS, chloride, sulfate, and other parameters. Prevention of further contamination and potential remediation strategies are briefly outlined.
This document discusses acid mine drainage (AMD), its causes, effects, and treatment methods. AMD is highly acidic water formed through chemical reactions between oxygen, water and sulfide minerals exposed during mining. It causes environmental issues by increasing acidity in water resources and releasing metals. The main chemical reaction involves pyrite oxidizing to produce sulfuric acid. Passive treatment methods for AMD include using calcium oxide, ammonia, wetlands, or open limestone channels to neutralize acidity and precipitate metals. The best prevention approach is proper mine reclamation to restrict air and water contact with pyritic materials.
The study measured heavy metal concentrations in soil samples around Huntington, UT and Huntington Canyon near the Huntington power plant. It found elevated levels of arsenic, cadmium, mercury, lead, and antimony above EPA guidelines, particularly near the plant's research farm irrigated with wastewater and in stream and lake sediments. However, the concentrations of metals downwind of the plant were not consistent with airborne contamination, so the study concluded airborne coal ash was not contaminating the area.
Trace Metals in Tidal Creeks Sediments: The Effects of Anthropogenic Inputs ...Brian Burkhardt, PT, DPT
This study analyzed sediment samples from tidal creeks that flow into the Intracoastal Waterway in Wilmington, NC to determine concentrations of bioavailable trace metals. Sediment samples were extracted using 1M HCl and analyzed for concentrations of Ni, As, Cr, Co, Cu, Zn, Ag, Cd, and Pb. The study found relatively high concentrations of Zn and Cu in creek sediments that exceeded thresholds for potential toxicity to aquatic organisms. Depth analysis of sediment cores revealed increasing metal concentrations with depth in some creeks, possibly due to higher inorganic content, while other creeks showed decreasing metal concentrations with depth. The sources of elevated metals were attributed to inputs from anti-fouling boat paints
Bob Hedin, Hedin Environmental, “Two Passive Treatment Systems that are Regio...Michael Hewitt, GISP
Effective passive minewater treatment systems can be attractive to the public because they do not contain hazardous components, support wildlife, and communicate a resonating message of frugal ingenuity. This talk will focus on two passive treatment systems in Allegheny County that have become central components of popular public spaces: Allegheny Land Trust’s Wingfield Pines system and Pittsburgh Botanic Garden’s Woodlands system. The presentation will be supported with photos and statistics regarding the public use of both systems.
The document provides information about the Bass River watershed on Cape Cod, Massachusetts. It summarizes that the watershed covers 10,331 acres across 11,800 parcels in Dennis, Yarmouth, and other towns. Developed land in those towns increased 58.7% and 56.3% from 1971 to 1999. The watershed includes features like Long Pond and is impacted by nitrogen pollution from septic systems, fertilizers, and other sources. Studies show some surface waters and subwatersheds exceed nitrogen limits, threatening ecosystem health. Solutions discussed include the Cape Cod Regional Wastewater Management Plan and a mix of decentralized and centralized wastewater infrastructure projects over 20-30 years.
Similar to WRT CaBA/CRF Conference 02/12/14 - Sean Comber (20)
On the 22nd June 201, Environmental experts, politicians and representatives from the agricultural sector gathered to discuss how the UK can better manage its soils for the benefit of people and the environment. The conference, Creating resilient catchments: Better Soil Management, was organised by Westcountry Rivers Trust (WRT) and brought together key bodies and individuals to understand the drivers and interests in soil management, paving the way for future collaboration.
The Partnership approach & assessing the benefits of catchment management. 12th & 13th September 2016 at the Rougemont Hotel, Exeter. Following the decision to leave the EU the need to come together to tackle the complex environmental problems we face such as diffuse pollution and habitat fragmentation has never been greater. This conference sets out the benefits and drawbacks of partnership working and the effectiveness of dealing with problems at a catchment scale.
The Partnership approach & assessing the benefits of catchment management. 12th & 13th September 2016 at the Rougemont Hotel, Exeter. Following the decision to leave the EU the need to come together to tackle the complex environmental problems we face such as diffuse pollution and habitat fragmentation has never been greater. This conference sets out the benefits and drawbacks of partnership working and the effectiveness of dealing with problems at a catchment scale.
The Partnership approach & assessing the benefits of catchment management. 12th & 13th September 2016 at the Rougemont Hotel, Exeter. Following the decision to leave the EU the need to come together to tackle the complex environmental problems we face such as diffuse pollution and habitat fragmentation has never been greater. This conference sets out the benefits and drawbacks of partnership working and the effectiveness of dealing with problems at a catchment scale.
The Partnership approach & assessing the benefits of catchment management. 12th & 13th September 2016 at the Rougemont Hotel, Exeter. Following the decision to leave the EU the need to come together to tackle the complex environmental problems we face such as diffuse pollution and habitat fragmentation has never been greater. This conference sets out the benefits and drawbacks of partnership working and the effectiveness of dealing with problems at a catchment scale.
The document summarizes a conference for the Rivers Trust. It discusses the Catchment Based Approach (CaBA), which brings together local stakeholders to identify solutions to water management issues. CaBA has led to increased funding and more integrated, collaborative work. The National CaBA Support Group helps partnerships leverage funding and support catchment plans. CaBA tools like citizen science and online mapping are discussed. CaBA is seen as an effective way to achieve multiple benefits like water quality, flood risk management, and community well-being. Governance of CaBA emphasizes collaboration, social learning, and a systems approach.
The Partnership approach & assessing the benefits of catchment management. 12th & 13th September 2016 at the Rougemont Hotel, Exeter. Following the decision to leave the EU the need to come together to tackle the complex environmental problems we face such as diffuse pollution and habitat fragmentation has never been greater. This conference sets out the benefits and drawbacks of partnership working and the effectiveness of dealing with problems at a catchment scale.
The document describes a local action project that aims to work with local communities to enhance natural capital in urban areas. It does this by providing evidence and resources to support targeting and implementing environmental management actions. The project will conduct a review of environmental assets and natural capital, assess benefits and priorities, and develop an "urban practitioners toolbox" of potential interventions. It will also produce detailed opportunity mapping. The project focuses on areas like Leicester and aims to quantify benefits, identify needs and opportunities, and support partnerships to increase funding and implementation of actions.
The 2015 Catchment Based Approach Conference was held on June 8th at Fishmonger's Hall in London. The focus of the day was the sharing of best practice between partnerships. Nick Paling from the Westcountry Rivers Trust gave a presentation entitled, 'Ecosystem Service benefits in the Urban Environment: Developing a common framework for delivery & communication' as part of the 'Delivery in the Urban Environment' session.
The Defra Local Action Project has been working with local communities to enhance the value of natural capital in our towns, cities and other urban spaces to improve people’s lives, the environment & economic prosperity…For each Demonstration Area we have developed a suite of evidence and information resources to support the targeting and implementation of environmental management or enhancement actions in urban landscapes. On the 18th April 2016 the Westcountry Rivers Trust delivery team met with several key stakeholders and practitioners who work in Manchester to examine the preliminary outputs of the Local Action Project.
The Defra Local Action Project has been working with local communities to enhance the value of natural capital in our towns, cities and other urban spaces to improve people’s lives, the environment & economic prosperity. For each Demonstration Area we have developed a suite of evidence and information resources to support the targeting and implementation of environmental management or enhancement actions in urban landscapes. On the 7th April 2016 the Westcountry Rivers Trust delivery team met with the Thames Estuary Partnership to examine the preliminary outputs of the Local Action Project.
Nick Paling's (WRT Head of Evidence & Engagement) overview presentation to the IFM- and SFCC-hosted 'Mapping Environmental Management Workshop' held in Edinburgh on the 1-2nd March 2016. To meet the growing threats to the environment and biodiversity posed by anthropogenic pressures and climate change; to make the most efficient and effective use of the limited resources available for conservation, and to fulfill our statutory conservation targets, there is now a growing imperative for conservation and fisheries management organisations to analyse and visualise spatial evidence to inform their work and to undertake landscape-scale conservation strategy development. As a result of this increased demand, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have now become a powerful and flexible tool used by many environmental scientists, ecologists and conservation biologists engaged in a wide array of work activities.
Rapid, fine-scale remote sensing to support targeted catchment managementWestcountry Rivers Trust
Nick Paling's (WRT Head of Evidence & Engagement) presentation on the work Westcountry Rivers Trust has been do with the University of Exeter to trial rapid, low-cost remote sensing technologies (with a specially developed smartphone app, a remote controlled drone and fine-grained Structure-from-Motion – SfM – photogrammetric modelling), and assessed the potential of this approach for targeting catchment management interventions designed to mitigate sources and pathways of diffuse agricultural pollution mobilisation at a farm/field scale. The study has also examined the benefits of using this approach compared to the use of freely available topogrpahic data obtained from Tellus SW LiDAR aerial survey (funded by NERC).
Presentation given at the IFM- and SFCC-hosted 'Mapping for Environmental Management Workshop' in Edinburgh on March 2nd 2016.
Collaborative delivery of green infrastructure and water management solutions (e.g. SuDS) in the urban environment can realise multiple benefits including reduced flood risk, improved water quality and biodiversity, greater amenity and enhanced community health and well-being. In March 2016, the CaBA Urban Working Group, in collaboration with the Defra Urban Ecosystem Services Project (www.urbanwater-eco.services) and Ciria (www.ciria.org), hosted a series of workshops designed to build capacity and expertise within CaBA partnerships to help drive greater collaborative delivery within the urban environment.
The Delivering Environmental Benefits for Urban Communities Conference included a ‘show and tell’ symposium designed to meet the objectives of the Urban CaBA Sub-Group: 1) champion the Catchment Partnership approach to water management in urban areas; 2) support CaBA partnerships nationwide by helping them to build capacity, expertise and engage more effectively with stakeholders, communities, developers, funders and businesses, and 3) promote the benefits and raise awareness of partnership working in the urban environment. During this session practitioners, strategic planners and academics were given 5 minute slots to introduce their work/expertise and to signpost people to their resources or further information. These 'pitches' were divided into: 1) practical delivery of interventions; 2) strategic tools/approaches (incl. CBA, targeting, design/optioneering); 3) help and guidance for urban practitioners, and 4) engagement, communications and partnership working. Speakers will be invited to say what they have done, what their objectives were and what the outcome of the work was/is intended to be.
In this 1 hour lecture Dr Nick Paling, the Westcountry Rivers Trust's Head of Data, Evidence & Communications illustrates how the pressures degrading water quality in a catchment can be assessed and their sources determined. Once done, this allows a carefully tailored and targeted plan of action to be formed to reduce these impacts.
This document discusses using stable isotopes to trace sources of phosphate in the River Taw catchment area. Phosphate concentrations in the river have been increasing, causing parts of the catchment to fail water quality standards for phosphorus. The document establishes baseline stable isotope signatures for different potential phosphate sources like soil, fertilizer, and manure. Isotope ratios were then measured for phosphate samples collected from sites across the catchment area. Preliminary results suggest the main sources of phosphate in the upper catchment are sewage treatment works, septic tanks, and possibly mineral fertilizers, with septic tanks being a diffuse source that could explain rising concentrations. More sampling is needed to better understand phosphate dynamics and identify other contributing sources
In December 2014 WRT held a Catchment Based Approach and Catchment Restoration Fund Conference in Exeter. WRT's Scott West gave a presentation on the fishery managers toolbox for species and habitat management.
In December 2014 WRT held a Catchment Based Approach and Catchment Restoration Fund Conference in Exeter. The University of Plymouth's Peter Down gave a presentation on his work studying the hydromorphology of rivers, especially the effect of reservoirs on river substrates.
In December 2014 WRT held a Catchment Based Approach and Catchment Restoration Fund Conference in Exeter. WRT's Nick Paling gave an overview of how participatory interrogation of data and evidence can help engage catchment partners and inform/target catchment and environmental management.
Monitor indicators of genetic diversity from space using Earth Observation dataSpatial Genetics
Genetic diversity within and among populations is essential for species persistence. While targets and indicators for genetic diversity are captured in the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, assessing genetic diversity across many species at national and regional scales remains challenging. Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) need accessible tools for reliable and efficient monitoring at relevant scales. Here, we describe how Earth Observation satellites (EO) make essential contributions to enable, accelerate, and improve genetic diversity monitoring and preservation. Specifically, we introduce a workflow integrating EO into existing genetic diversity monitoring strategies and present a set of examples where EO data is or can be integrated to improve assessment, monitoring, and conservation. We describe how available EO data can be integrated in innovative ways to support calculation of the genetic diversity indicators of the GBF monitoring framework and to inform management and monitoring decisions, especially in areas with limited research infrastructure or access. We also describe novel, integrative approaches to improve the indicators that can be implemented with the coming generation of EO data, and new capabilities that will provide unprecedented detail to characterize the changes to Earth’s surface and their implications for biodiversity, on a global scale.
Exploring low emissions development opportunities in food systemsCIFOR-ICRAF
Presented by Christopher Martius (CIFOR-ICRAF) at "Side event 60th sessions of the UNFCCC Subsidiary Bodies - Sustainable Bites: Innovating Low Emission Food Systems One Country at a Time" on 13 June 2024
(Q)SAR Assessment Framework: Guidance for Assessing (Q)SAR Models and Predict...hannahthabet
The webinar provided an overview of the new OECD (Q)SAR Assessment Framework for evaluating the scientific validity of (Q)SAR models, predictions, and results from multiple predictions. The QAF provides assessment elements for existing principles for evaluating models, as well as new principles for evaluating predictions and results. In addition to the principles, assessment elements, and guidance for evaluating each element, the QAF includes a checklist for reporting assessments.
This new Framework provides regulators with a consistent and transparent approach for reviewing the use of (Q)SAR predictions in a regulatory context and increases the confidence to accept alternative methods for evaluating chemical hazards. The OECD worked closely together with the Istituto Superiore di Sanità (Italy) and the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), supported by a variety of international experts to develop a checklist of criteria and guidance for evaluating each criterion. The aim of the QAF is to help establish confidence in the use of (Q)SARs in evaluating chemical safety, and was designed to be applicable irrespective of the modelling technique used to build the model, the predicted endpoint, and the intended regulatory purpose.
The webinar provided an overview of the project and presented the main aspects of the framework for assessing models and results based on individual or multiple predictions.
Download the Latest OSHA 10 Answers PDF : oyetrade.comNarendra Jayas
Latest OSHA 10 Test Question and Answers PDF for Construction and General Industry Exam.
Download the full set of 390 MCQ type question and answers - https://www.oyetrade.com/OSHA-10-Answers-2021.php
To Help OSHA 10 trainees to pass their pre-test and post-test we have prepared set of 390 question and answers called OSHA 10 Answers in downloadable PDF format. The OSHA 10 Answers question bank is prepared by our in-house highly experienced safety professionals and trainers. The OSHA 10 Answers document consists of 390 MCQ type question and answers updated for year 2024 exams.
A Comprehensive Guide on Cable Location Services Detections Method, Tools, an...Aussie Hydro-Vac Services
Explore Aussie Hydrovac's comprehensive cable location services, employing advanced tools like ground-penetrating radar and robotic CCTV crawlers for precise detection. Also offering aerial surveying solutions. Contact for reliable service in Australia.
Republic of Ethiopia EPA (2003) Ambient Environment Standards for Ethiopia.pdf
WRT CaBA/CRF Conference 02/12/14 - Sean Comber
1. Road run off and reasons for
failure ‐ Fingle Brook A30 study
regarding impacts on the river Teign
Sean Comber, Will Blake,
Rupert Goddard, Chris Rowett,
Alex Taylor
3. Background
• Water Framework Directive is driving higher
expectations for water quality and lower
standards
• Large areas of SW not compliant
• For a number of reasons
– P from WwTW/Agric/Industry
– Legacy mine issues
– Obstructions
– Road runoff/urban runoff
4. • Fingle Brook only moderate
status (based on fish)
• Part of The Dart and Teign River
Improvement Project (DTRIP)
• Catchment Restoration Funds
available for assisting meeting
WFD status by 2027
Teign Catchment
Fingle Brook
6. What are the pressures on Fingle
Brook?
• Sewage effluent (Whiddon Down)
• Mines (Whiddon Down - Cu some Pb;
Drewsteignton Quarry – limestone,
may be metals before that)
• Road runoff
• Agriculture
10. Metals in runoff
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
1000
0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000
Concentration(µg/l)
Average daily traffic
Cd
Cu
Pb
Zn
A30 average 2-way daily traffic
Data from: Harrison et al., 1985, Hewitt and Rashed, 1992, Legret and Pagotto, 1999, Bäckström et al., 2003
11. Work so far
• Environment Agency cannot hope to provide detailed
monitoring on sub-catchment level
• Plymouth University working with WRT and EA to increase
knowledge base
• Student projects:
– 3rd Year dissertation (Chris Rowett – metal bioavailability in
runoff water from Whiddon Down settlement pond; Rachel
Giles - Effects of Road Salt Runoff on Freshwater Organisms –
Brighton Stream)
• Small contracts:
– Investigation of water and sediment quality relating to A30 road
runoff into Fingle Brook, upper Teign catchment, Devon (March,
2014)
– Assessing significance of sources of metals to Fingle Brook
under low and high flow conditions (July – December 2014)
13. Metals elevated above probable effect levels
(Canadian standards - mg/kg) for some metals
Variables
Freshwater
(TEL)
Freshwater
(PEL)
Fingle Brook
channel sediments
Lead 35 91.3 113
Chromium 37.3 90 184
Copper 35.7 197 38
Zinc 123 315 285
TEL = Threshold Effect Level (below which no impacts)
PEL = Probable Effect Level (above which expect negative impacts)
14. Mean metal levels in sediment (mg/kg)
SAMPLE Zn Cu Cr
ROAD DUST 756 282 183
LAGOON 785 113 176
SOIL 69 25 138
BANK 141 35 175
MAIN CHANNEL SED 285 38 184
NORTH TRIB SED (drain input) 321 65 190
NORTH TRIB SED (no drain input) 164 30 167
SOUTH TRIB SED (drain input) 212 33 172
15. Water Quality?
Metal Speciation & Toxicity
Most toxic
Intermediate
toxicity
Low toxicity
DOC
Humic
M-Org
CO3
2-
S2-
OH-
NO3
-
M+
M++
M-Inorg
Fulvics
X
EDTA
16. Water quality – New standards (EQS)
• Important to assess bioavailability (Cu, Zn, Ni,
(Mn, Pb)) – site specific
EQS available based on
measurement of Ca,
pH, dissolved organic
carbon and dissolved
metal – set by EU &UK
• Other EQS set by UK
17. Sample sites
• Sampled during
dry period
(baseline) and 2
rain events (Dec
‘13 and Jan ‘14)
18.
19. Sites number: 1 = road runoff; 2 = outlet from wetland; 3 =
inflow to river; 4 = u/s of inflow; 5 = d/s of inflow
A-D = occasions during rain event
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
DissolvedCuconcentration(µgl-1)
Sample location
20. Sites number: 1 = road runoff; 2 = outlet from wetland; 3 =
inflow to river; 4 = u/s of inflow; 5 = d/s of inflow
A-D = occasions during rain event
21. Sites number: 1 = road runoff; 2 = outlet from wetland; 3 =
inflow to river; 4 = u/s of inflow; 5 = d/s of inflow
A-D = occasions during rain event
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
DissolvedZnconcentration(µgl-1)
Sample location
22. Detailed water quality survey to determine sources of metals
1) Downstream of STW
2) Upstream of Widdon Down mine site
3) Input of Widdon Down mine site
4) Downstream of Widdon Down mine site
5) Upstream of Drewsteignton quarry
6) Input of Drewsteignton quarry
7) Downstream of Drewsteignton quarry
8) Upstream of Millfarm road drain
9) Input Millfarm road drain
10) Downstream Millfarm road drain
11) Upstream of Redlake road drain
12) Input of Redlake road drain
13) Downstream of Redlake road drain
14)Upstream of Lower Puddicombe road drain
15) Input of Lower Puddicombe road drain
16) Downstream of Lower Puddicombe road drain
17) Upstream of Veet Mill road drain
18) Input of Veet Mill road drain
19) Downstream of Veet Mill road drain
20) Upstream of Fingle Brook input into the River Teign
(Fingle Bridge)
21) Input of Fingle Brook into the River Teign (Fingle Bridge)
22) Downstream of Fingle Brook input into the River Teign
(Fingle Bridge)
24. Main inputs to Fingle Brook under low
flows (µg/l)
• High flow samples collected 18/11/14
Site Cu Ni Zn Co Se Cd Pb
3A Widdon Down mine site 0.63 5.10 4.4 0.52 1.85 0.02 0.2
6A Drewsteignton quarry 0.25 0.28 3.5 0.01 10.13 0.05 0.2
9A Millfarm road drain 5.34 2.57 13.2 0.17 0.17 0.02 27.1
18A Veet Mill road drain 2.05 8.84 13.2 0.62 0.17 0.12 0.6
15A Lower Puddicombe drain 2.68 8.34 17.3 3.10 0.56 0.26 5.8
12A Redlake road drain 7.56 1.79 8.6 0.11 0.34 0.03 12.4
25. Conclusions & future work
• The sewage works input is a low constant flow, with most metals
present, Zn being the most significant
• Mine water low/constant flow high Se, Co, Mn, Ni, Zn, Cd, Mo, Fe
• Road runoff sporadic but high in Zn, Pb, Cu, Mo, Cd
• Contribution from field drains seems low
• Overall metal concs are not exceptionally high, but high enough
to warrant further investigation (especially Pb)
• Wetland exhibits poor efficiency for metal removal
• Road runoff flow has obvious impacts on stream’s hydrology
(potentially greatest impact on stream ecology) – wetland needs
improving + consider others along older sections of A30
• High flow full stream survey complete, awaiting analytical results
• Combine flow data with concentrations to try an apply some
source apportionment to the key inputs