In December 2014 WRT held a Catchment Based Approach and Catchment Restoration Fund Conference in Exeter. The University of Exeter's Andy King and Jamie Stevens gave an overview of their work on fish genetics.
This document summarizes a study on legacy phosphorus in the sediments of Dorn Creek, an agriculturally dominated watershed in Wisconsin. The study found that stream sediments contained high concentrations of phosphorus, with levels ranging from 570 to 6,800 mg/kg. Sediment cores showed that phosphorus had accumulated over decades and centuries. Removing sediment from a stream reach removed 400 pounds of phosphorus. Monitoring will continue to assess how quickly sediments and phosphorus return. The county has initiated a $12 million project over 4 years to remove 150,000 cubic yards of sediment and 870,000 pounds of phosphorus from 33 miles of streams.
This document summarizes a student research project that studied the evolution and biogeography of stickleback fish armor traits across four watersheds on Vancouver Island, Canada. The students analyzed stickleback populations to explore how gene flow, natural selection, and population loss shape the geographic distribution of body armor morphs. They found variation in armor traits across watersheds that seems to be influenced by factors like gene flow patterns, introduced predators, and lake chemistry. Their results provide insights into how local ecological conditions and evolutionary processes interact to drive phenotypic diversity in these freshwater fish populations.
The document summarizes a study on the influence of salmon recolonization on riparian communities in the Cedar River in Washington state. After a century without salmon due to a dam, a fish ladder was installed in 2003, allowing salmon to return. The study hypothesizes that increasing salmon biomass inputs would increase the density and diversity of aquatic insects, spider prey, and riparian spiders. Field studies found significant correlations between salmon biomass and increased aquatic insect density, spider prey density, and spider diversity with distance from the dam. The results suggest salmon influence both aquatic and riparian food webs through emergent aquatic insects.
A presentation given at the International Society for Ecological Modelling 2013 conference, in Toulouse, France. The presentation concerns an agent-based model of salmon migration around Scotland (that was previously the subject of an e-poster at the MASTS conference)
A presentation given to the 2nd Environmental Interactions of Marine Renewable Energy Technologies conference, on the 1st of May 2014, in Stornoway, on the Isle of Lewis, Scotland.
The presentation concerns an individual-based model of coastal salmon migration, informed by historical salmon tagging data, and builds on previous presentation about this particular model by including some additional model outputs.
The associated summary paper can be found here:
http://figshare.com/articles/EIMR_2014_Salmon_modelling_paper/1018566
Fairfax police academy pond improvement projectFairfax County
The Fairfax Police Academy pond improvement project will help to ensure the pond provides the water quality benefits that it was designed for. The Maintenance and Stormwater Management Division of Public Works and Environmental Services coordinated with the Fairfax County Police Department’s Wildlife Management team to assist displaced fish and turtles living in the pond.
The document discusses the history of pollution and restoration efforts in the Willamette River in Oregon. It describes how the river was once declared an "open sewer" but water quality has improved due to various regulatory actions from the 1930s onward. However, the river and its fish populations still face threats including invasive species, pollution, and lack of access to cold water refuges during heat waves. Overall restoration progress depends on coordinated long-term efforts to improve habitat complexity and allow natural floodplain dynamics.
This document summarizes a study on legacy phosphorus in the sediments of Dorn Creek, an agriculturally dominated watershed in Wisconsin. The study found that stream sediments contained high concentrations of phosphorus, with levels ranging from 570 to 6,800 mg/kg. Sediment cores showed that phosphorus had accumulated over decades and centuries. Removing sediment from a stream reach removed 400 pounds of phosphorus. Monitoring will continue to assess how quickly sediments and phosphorus return. The county has initiated a $12 million project over 4 years to remove 150,000 cubic yards of sediment and 870,000 pounds of phosphorus from 33 miles of streams.
This document summarizes a student research project that studied the evolution and biogeography of stickleback fish armor traits across four watersheds on Vancouver Island, Canada. The students analyzed stickleback populations to explore how gene flow, natural selection, and population loss shape the geographic distribution of body armor morphs. They found variation in armor traits across watersheds that seems to be influenced by factors like gene flow patterns, introduced predators, and lake chemistry. Their results provide insights into how local ecological conditions and evolutionary processes interact to drive phenotypic diversity in these freshwater fish populations.
The document summarizes a study on the influence of salmon recolonization on riparian communities in the Cedar River in Washington state. After a century without salmon due to a dam, a fish ladder was installed in 2003, allowing salmon to return. The study hypothesizes that increasing salmon biomass inputs would increase the density and diversity of aquatic insects, spider prey, and riparian spiders. Field studies found significant correlations between salmon biomass and increased aquatic insect density, spider prey density, and spider diversity with distance from the dam. The results suggest salmon influence both aquatic and riparian food webs through emergent aquatic insects.
A presentation given at the International Society for Ecological Modelling 2013 conference, in Toulouse, France. The presentation concerns an agent-based model of salmon migration around Scotland (that was previously the subject of an e-poster at the MASTS conference)
A presentation given to the 2nd Environmental Interactions of Marine Renewable Energy Technologies conference, on the 1st of May 2014, in Stornoway, on the Isle of Lewis, Scotland.
The presentation concerns an individual-based model of coastal salmon migration, informed by historical salmon tagging data, and builds on previous presentation about this particular model by including some additional model outputs.
The associated summary paper can be found here:
http://figshare.com/articles/EIMR_2014_Salmon_modelling_paper/1018566
Fairfax police academy pond improvement projectFairfax County
The Fairfax Police Academy pond improvement project will help to ensure the pond provides the water quality benefits that it was designed for. The Maintenance and Stormwater Management Division of Public Works and Environmental Services coordinated with the Fairfax County Police Department’s Wildlife Management team to assist displaced fish and turtles living in the pond.
The document discusses the history of pollution and restoration efforts in the Willamette River in Oregon. It describes how the river was once declared an "open sewer" but water quality has improved due to various regulatory actions from the 1930s onward. However, the river and its fish populations still face threats including invasive species, pollution, and lack of access to cold water refuges during heat waves. Overall restoration progress depends on coordinated long-term efforts to improve habitat complexity and allow natural floodplain dynamics.
This study used stable isotope analysis of nitrate (δ15NNO3 and δ18ONO3) to identify potential sources of nutrient inputs to Quartermaster Harbor, a highly impacted inlet in Puget Sound, Washington. Water samples were collected from three creeks, five buoys located at increasing distances into the inlet, and one well. The researchers aimed to determine if surface and deep water samples had different nitrate concentrations and isotopic compositions, and if values changed with distance into the inlet. They also sought to detect anthropogenic nitrogen sources in freshwater inputs and understand if isotopic data provided insights into water quality issues affecting the inlet. Nitrate concentrations generally decreased with distance into the inlet while
This document summarizes a study comparing the abundance, diversity, and stable isotope signatures of benthic fauna between mangrove, seagrass, and sand flat habitats in Gazi Bay, Kenya. Replicate cores were taken from each habitat and analyzed. Mangrove and seagrass meadows had higher densities of benthic fauna than sand flats, and seagrass showed the highest species diversity. Stable isotope signatures ranged widely but showed no direct evidence that macrobenthic species consumed mangrove or seagrass tissues. Most species appeared to feed non-selectively on microalgae and seagrass detritus. Polychaete density and diversity varied between sampling stations,
Climate-hydrology-ecology interactions in glacierized river systems. Presented by David Hannah at the "Perth II: Global Change and the World's Mountains" conference in Perth, Scotland in September 2010.
Trace Element and Nutrient Concentrations Across An Anthropogenic Gradient 4t...Adrian Alvarez
1) Water samples were collected from Webster Duck Pond in Syracuse, NY along an anthropogenic gradient from a disturbed area near visitor facilities to a more natural, spring-fed area.
2) Phosphorus and iron and manganese concentrations were higher in samples taken near the disturbed area, likely due to duck waste, while other trace elements did not vary.
3) This provides a real-world example of how human activities can increase phosphorus levels and change pond water chemistry from oxic to more anoxic conditions near the disturbed shoreline.
This document summarizes an agent-based model of Atlantic salmon migration in Scottish coastal waters. The model uses data on salmon movements to simulate individual salmon searching for their home rivers along the coast. Initial results show the model can replicate some patterns from historical tagging studies. Further refinement is needed by incorporating more accurate estimates of river productivity and fishing effort data to improve matching with real data patterns. The next steps aim to test the model under different scenarios to better understand salmon migration behaviors.
Laura Fields-Sommers conducted a study assessing the effects of riverbank inducement on groundwater quality in a shallow aquifer in southeastern Wisconsin. She found that 1) cation exchange capacity in wells near the river was depleted, likely due to mixing of river water and groundwater, 2) river water was influenced by wastewater treatment plant effluent as shown through isotopic signatures, and 3) bacterial sequencing revealed genetic markers from human waste at some sampling sites, indicating sewage contamination of the river and groundwater.
This study analyzed the effects of small impoundments on macroinvertebrate and fish communities in headwater prairie streams in Kansas. The researchers sampled 12 stream reaches, 6 influenced by upstream ponds and 6 control sites, to test hypotheses about differences in seston levels, filter-feeder biomass, and species richness between the sites. They found no significant differences in these metrics between control and pond-influenced reaches, suggesting the macroinvertebrates are resilient to disturbance from impoundments. There was a near-significant decline in fish species richness at influenced sites, indicating impoundments may fragment habitat in a way that is detrimental to stream fishes. Future multi-year studies are needed to better
This document discusses the population decline of common loons in Michigan over the past century and ongoing conservation efforts. It outlines key aspects of loon life history, threats like habitat loss, disturbance, and mercury exposure, and population monitoring efforts that show some lake populations have stabilized due to habitat protection and education programs while others remain vulnerable. Long-term data on banded individual loons demonstrate high adult survival but dispersal of juveniles over multiple years before breeding.
Abstract: Linking Nitrogen Pollution in Estuaries to Rocky Shores: A stable I...MACE Lab
This study aimed to determine the sources and impacts of nitrogen pollution from three estuaries in southern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Stable isotope analysis of nitrogen in algae and mussels from the estuaries provided evidence that estuarine inputs were more important during open phases and came from anthropogenic sources like sewage in two of the estuaries. Additionally, integrating stable isotope analysis with water properties and community composition analysis proved useful for nutrient pollution studies. The condition of the study sites indicated a need to mitigate nutrient pollution in the estuaries and develop more wastewater treatment along the KwaZulu-Natal coast.
S Pillay, Dr. A. J. Smit, Dr Deborah Robertson-Andersson. Submitted to the ninth Scientific Symposium of the Western Indian Ocean Marine Science (WIOMSA) 2015.
The Isar River in Germany and the Virgin River in the United States both underwent restoration projects to address issues from human development along their banks. The Isar restoration aims to restore the river's ecology and recreation areas while improving flood control, removing concrete canalizations where possible. The Virgin restoration focused on stabilizing banks and removing invasive plants to improve safety after devastating floods, though it resulted in a more canalized design than the Isar's efforts to reflect the river's natural form. Both projects met goals like improving habitats and water quality, but the Isar restoration maintains a longer-term focus on fully restoring native species.
This document discusses using spatial data from boat-based sensors (FLAMe) to predict harmful algal blooms (BGA) in lakes. Researchers fertilized Peter and Tuesday lakes with nutrients and monitored them along with a reference lake (Paul) using stationary buoys and FLAMe spatial surveys. The author's focus is determining if the spatial variance in BGA shifts ("red shift") as a lake transitions toward a bloom. Results found significant spatial variability in BGA and other measures even in small lakes. During Peter Lake's bloom, its BGA became less patchy with a red shift in variance toward lower frequencies.
Scottish Water aims to be Scotland's most valued and trusted business. It provides high quality affordable water and protects the environment while supporting communities and the economy. Scottish Water serves over 5 million customers through over 47,000 km of water pipes and 50,000 km of sewer pipes across its network of water treatment works, wastewater treatment works, and pumping stations. It continuously innovates and conducts R&D to address global and local pressures on water resources and the environment.
The RRS James Cook will depart in May 2012 on an expedition to study cold-water coral ecosystems in the shallow reefs of Mingulay and deeper coral mounds and reefs on Rockall Bank. The international scientific crew will conduct research to further understand the functional ecology of these ecosystems, both historically and into the future, including coral, sponge, and invertebrate sampling, sediment profiling, oxygen exchange measurements, coral feeding experiments, and carbonate flux measurements. Shipboard experiments will examine the effects of ocean acidification and warming on corals, sponges, and other invertebrates. Outreach activities during the expedition will include features on BBC Scotland and The One Show, and allowing schoolchildren to
With technical advances in surface seismic and downhole electrical imaging techniques, it is now possible to not only map the distribution of reservoir sandstones in the subsurface, but to accurately define the orientation of productive fairways, or “sweet-spots”, within the sequence.
Channel sands frequently have favorable reservoir characteristics. Having often been laid down in higher energy settings, they commonly have coarser and better sorted grains, less clay and improved poro-perm characteristics. However, they often have limited lateral extent and shoe-string geometries which make them more difficult to predict in the subsurface.
This study examined the population densities of purple marsh crabs and cordgrass in three sites within South Carolina's ACE Basin estuary. Population surveys found varying densities of purple marsh crabs (6.67-25 burrows/m2) and cordgrass (219-270 stalks/m2) across sites. A correlational analysis showed a weak negative relationship between crab and cordgrass populations. Compared to an unhealthy marsh in Cape Cod, the ACE Basin sites showed equally healthy crab and cordgrass densities, suggesting crab overpopulation is not negatively impacting cordgrass there as was seen in Cape Cod. The study aims to establish a baseline of these populations for future monitoring.
Webinar social media and e learning Sept 2012Mandi Axmann
Centre for Online Learning Excellence provides a plenary session on the impact of social media on eLearning and the challenges it presents for online facilitation. The document discusses how social media like wikis, blogs and Twitter can be implemented and facilitated as effective learning activities both synchronously and asynchronously. It also explores why people use social media and how learning technology connects learning. Global skills needed for students are outlined. Examples of using social media tools like wikis, blogs and Twitter for education are also provided.
This document outlines pool safety operating procedures for Park Resorts Ltd. It includes sections on roles and responsibilities, a normal operating plan, emergency action plan, and pool plant procedures. The normal operating plan provides details on potential risks, dealing with customers, lifeguard duties, staffing levels, and operational systems for controlling access and bather loads. The emergency action plan outlines procedures for incidents like bomb threats, casualties in the water, medical emergencies, missing persons, and chlorination or power issues. Pool plant procedures address general safety and a lone working process for the plant room.
This study used stable isotope analysis of nitrate (δ15NNO3 and δ18ONO3) to identify potential sources of nutrient inputs to Quartermaster Harbor, a highly impacted inlet in Puget Sound, Washington. Water samples were collected from three creeks, five buoys located at increasing distances into the inlet, and one well. The researchers aimed to determine if surface and deep water samples had different nitrate concentrations and isotopic compositions, and if values changed with distance into the inlet. They also sought to detect anthropogenic nitrogen sources in freshwater inputs and understand if isotopic data provided insights into water quality issues affecting the inlet. Nitrate concentrations generally decreased with distance into the inlet while
This document summarizes a study comparing the abundance, diversity, and stable isotope signatures of benthic fauna between mangrove, seagrass, and sand flat habitats in Gazi Bay, Kenya. Replicate cores were taken from each habitat and analyzed. Mangrove and seagrass meadows had higher densities of benthic fauna than sand flats, and seagrass showed the highest species diversity. Stable isotope signatures ranged widely but showed no direct evidence that macrobenthic species consumed mangrove or seagrass tissues. Most species appeared to feed non-selectively on microalgae and seagrass detritus. Polychaete density and diversity varied between sampling stations,
Climate-hydrology-ecology interactions in glacierized river systems. Presented by David Hannah at the "Perth II: Global Change and the World's Mountains" conference in Perth, Scotland in September 2010.
Trace Element and Nutrient Concentrations Across An Anthropogenic Gradient 4t...Adrian Alvarez
1) Water samples were collected from Webster Duck Pond in Syracuse, NY along an anthropogenic gradient from a disturbed area near visitor facilities to a more natural, spring-fed area.
2) Phosphorus and iron and manganese concentrations were higher in samples taken near the disturbed area, likely due to duck waste, while other trace elements did not vary.
3) This provides a real-world example of how human activities can increase phosphorus levels and change pond water chemistry from oxic to more anoxic conditions near the disturbed shoreline.
This document summarizes an agent-based model of Atlantic salmon migration in Scottish coastal waters. The model uses data on salmon movements to simulate individual salmon searching for their home rivers along the coast. Initial results show the model can replicate some patterns from historical tagging studies. Further refinement is needed by incorporating more accurate estimates of river productivity and fishing effort data to improve matching with real data patterns. The next steps aim to test the model under different scenarios to better understand salmon migration behaviors.
Laura Fields-Sommers conducted a study assessing the effects of riverbank inducement on groundwater quality in a shallow aquifer in southeastern Wisconsin. She found that 1) cation exchange capacity in wells near the river was depleted, likely due to mixing of river water and groundwater, 2) river water was influenced by wastewater treatment plant effluent as shown through isotopic signatures, and 3) bacterial sequencing revealed genetic markers from human waste at some sampling sites, indicating sewage contamination of the river and groundwater.
This study analyzed the effects of small impoundments on macroinvertebrate and fish communities in headwater prairie streams in Kansas. The researchers sampled 12 stream reaches, 6 influenced by upstream ponds and 6 control sites, to test hypotheses about differences in seston levels, filter-feeder biomass, and species richness between the sites. They found no significant differences in these metrics between control and pond-influenced reaches, suggesting the macroinvertebrates are resilient to disturbance from impoundments. There was a near-significant decline in fish species richness at influenced sites, indicating impoundments may fragment habitat in a way that is detrimental to stream fishes. Future multi-year studies are needed to better
This document discusses the population decline of common loons in Michigan over the past century and ongoing conservation efforts. It outlines key aspects of loon life history, threats like habitat loss, disturbance, and mercury exposure, and population monitoring efforts that show some lake populations have stabilized due to habitat protection and education programs while others remain vulnerable. Long-term data on banded individual loons demonstrate high adult survival but dispersal of juveniles over multiple years before breeding.
Abstract: Linking Nitrogen Pollution in Estuaries to Rocky Shores: A stable I...MACE Lab
This study aimed to determine the sources and impacts of nitrogen pollution from three estuaries in southern KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Stable isotope analysis of nitrogen in algae and mussels from the estuaries provided evidence that estuarine inputs were more important during open phases and came from anthropogenic sources like sewage in two of the estuaries. Additionally, integrating stable isotope analysis with water properties and community composition analysis proved useful for nutrient pollution studies. The condition of the study sites indicated a need to mitigate nutrient pollution in the estuaries and develop more wastewater treatment along the KwaZulu-Natal coast.
S Pillay, Dr. A. J. Smit, Dr Deborah Robertson-Andersson. Submitted to the ninth Scientific Symposium of the Western Indian Ocean Marine Science (WIOMSA) 2015.
The Isar River in Germany and the Virgin River in the United States both underwent restoration projects to address issues from human development along their banks. The Isar restoration aims to restore the river's ecology and recreation areas while improving flood control, removing concrete canalizations where possible. The Virgin restoration focused on stabilizing banks and removing invasive plants to improve safety after devastating floods, though it resulted in a more canalized design than the Isar's efforts to reflect the river's natural form. Both projects met goals like improving habitats and water quality, but the Isar restoration maintains a longer-term focus on fully restoring native species.
This document discusses using spatial data from boat-based sensors (FLAMe) to predict harmful algal blooms (BGA) in lakes. Researchers fertilized Peter and Tuesday lakes with nutrients and monitored them along with a reference lake (Paul) using stationary buoys and FLAMe spatial surveys. The author's focus is determining if the spatial variance in BGA shifts ("red shift") as a lake transitions toward a bloom. Results found significant spatial variability in BGA and other measures even in small lakes. During Peter Lake's bloom, its BGA became less patchy with a red shift in variance toward lower frequencies.
Scottish Water aims to be Scotland's most valued and trusted business. It provides high quality affordable water and protects the environment while supporting communities and the economy. Scottish Water serves over 5 million customers through over 47,000 km of water pipes and 50,000 km of sewer pipes across its network of water treatment works, wastewater treatment works, and pumping stations. It continuously innovates and conducts R&D to address global and local pressures on water resources and the environment.
The RRS James Cook will depart in May 2012 on an expedition to study cold-water coral ecosystems in the shallow reefs of Mingulay and deeper coral mounds and reefs on Rockall Bank. The international scientific crew will conduct research to further understand the functional ecology of these ecosystems, both historically and into the future, including coral, sponge, and invertebrate sampling, sediment profiling, oxygen exchange measurements, coral feeding experiments, and carbonate flux measurements. Shipboard experiments will examine the effects of ocean acidification and warming on corals, sponges, and other invertebrates. Outreach activities during the expedition will include features on BBC Scotland and The One Show, and allowing schoolchildren to
With technical advances in surface seismic and downhole electrical imaging techniques, it is now possible to not only map the distribution of reservoir sandstones in the subsurface, but to accurately define the orientation of productive fairways, or “sweet-spots”, within the sequence.
Channel sands frequently have favorable reservoir characteristics. Having often been laid down in higher energy settings, they commonly have coarser and better sorted grains, less clay and improved poro-perm characteristics. However, they often have limited lateral extent and shoe-string geometries which make them more difficult to predict in the subsurface.
This study examined the population densities of purple marsh crabs and cordgrass in three sites within South Carolina's ACE Basin estuary. Population surveys found varying densities of purple marsh crabs (6.67-25 burrows/m2) and cordgrass (219-270 stalks/m2) across sites. A correlational analysis showed a weak negative relationship between crab and cordgrass populations. Compared to an unhealthy marsh in Cape Cod, the ACE Basin sites showed equally healthy crab and cordgrass densities, suggesting crab overpopulation is not negatively impacting cordgrass there as was seen in Cape Cod. The study aims to establish a baseline of these populations for future monitoring.
Webinar social media and e learning Sept 2012Mandi Axmann
Centre for Online Learning Excellence provides a plenary session on the impact of social media on eLearning and the challenges it presents for online facilitation. The document discusses how social media like wikis, blogs and Twitter can be implemented and facilitated as effective learning activities both synchronously and asynchronously. It also explores why people use social media and how learning technology connects learning. Global skills needed for students are outlined. Examples of using social media tools like wikis, blogs and Twitter for education are also provided.
This document outlines pool safety operating procedures for Park Resorts Ltd. It includes sections on roles and responsibilities, a normal operating plan, emergency action plan, and pool plant procedures. The normal operating plan provides details on potential risks, dealing with customers, lifeguard duties, staffing levels, and operational systems for controlling access and bather loads. The emergency action plan outlines procedures for incidents like bomb threats, casualties in the water, medical emergencies, missing persons, and chlorination or power issues. Pool plant procedures address general safety and a lone working process for the plant room.
Confluence is the bi-annual newsletter of the Westcountry Rivers Trust. Confluence is packed with all of the latest news on the work of the Trust and what is happening in river restoration and conservation across the Westcountry.
The Autumn 2012 edition was a special edition about the Trust's River Improvement Projects funded by the Environment Agency's Catchment Restoration Fund earlier in the year.
The document summarizes the work of the Westcountry Rivers Trust to improve fish passage and habitat connectivity in the River Taw catchment from 2009 to the present. Key projects include the ongoing TAW Project to remove barriers to fish migration, improvements at several weirs, and the complete removal of North Wyke Weir to allow unimpeded fish passage. The overall goal is to achieve good ecological status for waterbodies in accordance with the Water Framework Directive by taking a catchment-based partnership approach and addressing obstacles to fish migration.
In December 2014 WRT held a Catchment Based Approach and Catchment Restoration Fund Conference in Exeter. The University of Plymouth's Peter Down gave a presentation on his work studying the hydromorphology of rivers, especially the effect of reservoirs on river substrates.
Confluence is the bi-annual newsletter of the Westcountry Rivers Trust. Confluence is packed with all of the latest news on the work of the Trust and what is happening in river restoration and conservation across the Westcountry.
The Spring 2011 edition focused on all of the major projects that the Trust had underway at that time.
This document summarizes data on orthophosphate levels in the Taw River catchment in Devon, England from 1990 to 2012. The key points are:
- Highest orthophosphate concentrations were found in the upper reaches of the Taw River from Yeo Farm to Chenson.
- Orthophosphate levels varied greatly from year to year. Flow and monthly trends indicate point sources like sewage treatment works and a dairy factory contributed significantly.
- Diffuse (non-point) sources contributed an estimated 30-60 micrograms per liter of orthophosphate.
- Applying proposed UK standards retroactively shows the entire catchment has failed water quality standards for orthoph
The document discusses WRVS's eLearning journey and the obstacles they faced in launching their learningWRVS program. Some of the obstacles included a lack of computers, IT skills, communication challenges, and negative perceptions of eLearning. However, feedback from volunteers who used learning modules was positive, with many saying they found it interesting, easy to use, and that it helped them learn and gain insight. Key lessons learned included the importance of project management, encouraging usage of the program, and communicating extensively about it. The document promotes learningWRVS as providing training and learning resources on a variety of topics for locality managers.
CaBA Citizen Science and Volunteer Monitoring Resource Pack (hi res)CaBASupport
Environmental monitoring by the voluntary sector is fundamental to the success of the Catchment-Based Approach (CaBA), helping to fill important knowledge gaps and engaging all sectors of society in identifying water management issues, and delivering solutions to protect and enhance the freshwater environment Many catchment partnerships are developing monitoring programmes, which involve volunteers, members of the public and a wide range of community groups in collecting, reporting and analysing monitoring data. This resource pack seeks to share the experience gained by many of the partnerships by signposting useful guidance, tools, equipment and case studies. The pack also includes details of more specialist equipment and techniques for use by experts, as the most successful monitoring programmes typically combine crowd-sourced data covering large spatial areas with localised hi-spec monitoring and modelling. The resource pack was first published in 2015 and has now been updated for 2016 with additional equipment and case studies. It is also hosted on the CaBA website where it will be updated regularly: www.catchmentbasedapproach.org/volunteer-monitoring. If you have something to add or would like to know more… get in touch: info@catchmentbasedapproach.org post on the CaBA Forum: www.catchmentbasedapproach.org/discussions contact the CaBA partnerships: www.catchmentbasedapproach.org/catchment.
Laura Overton, MD of Towards Maturity talked about the benefits of benchmarking your eLearning journeys and how the results of Towards Maturity research help us shape our workshops and respond to the challenges that you face. 28th March 2012 - The Corporate eLearning Consortium Inaugural Meeting
In December 2014 WRT held a Catchment Based Approach and Catchment Restoration Fund Conference in Exeter. WRT's Angela Bartlett gave a a presentation of her work undertaking detailed catchment risk assessments for water quality.
This presentation was given as part of the EPA-funded Catchment Science and Management Course focusing on Integrated Catchment Management, held in June 2015. This course was delivered by RPS Consultants. If you have any queries or comments, or wish to use the material in this presentation, please contact catchments@epa.ie
It is increasingly being recognised internationally that integrated catchment management (ICM) is a useful organising framework for tackling the ongoing challenge of balancing sustainable use and development of our natural resource, against achieving environmental goals. The basic principles of ICM (Williams, 2012) are to:
• Take a holistic and integrated approach to the management of land, biodiversity, water and community resources at the water catchment scale;
• Involve communities in planning and managing their landscapes; and
• Find a balance between resource use and resource conservation
ICM is now well established in Australia, New Zealand, and the United States. In Europe the ICM approach has been proposed as being required to achieve effective water and catchment management, and is the approach being promoted by DEFRA for the UK, where it is called the “Catchment Based Approach” (CaBA). The principles and methodologies behind ICM sit well within the context of the Water Framework Directive with its aims and objectives for good water quality, sustainable development and public participation in water resource management. In Ireland it is proposed that the ICM approach will underlie the work and philosophy in developing and implementing future River Basin Management Plans.
The Tamar Catchment Plan has adopted a stakeholder-led ‘ecosystem services’ approach to catchment planning. This has involved the host organisation working with stakeholders to identify areas within the catchment which play, or have the potential to play, a particularly important role in the delivery of clean water and a range of other benefits (services) to society.
In December 2014 WRT held a Catchment Based Approach and Catchment Restoration Fund Conference in Exeter. WRT's Laurence Couldrick gave an overview of the Ecosystems Approach to catchment management planning and delivery.
In December 2014 WRT held a Catchment Based Approach and Catchment Restoration Fund Conference in Exeter. The Environment Agency's Jerry Gallop gave a review of the Catchment Restoration Fund Programme over the last 3 years.
WRT's head of Data and Evidence Nick Paling gave a plenary talk to open the 3rd CaBA training Workshop at Slimbridge Wetland Centre. In the presentation Nick described the participatory ecosystem services mapping approach that the Trust took to their catchment planning work in the Tamar.
The principal, over‐arching aim of any catchment management work is to improve the water quality in our freshwater ecosystems and to make a significant contribution to their attainment of good ecological status in accordance with requirements of the EU Water Framework Directive. It is therefore vital that sufficient evidence is collected to provide an
objective and robust assessment of the improvements delivered.
In this review we explore the data and evidence available, which, taken together, demonstrate qualitatively and quantitatively that the delivery of integrated catchment management interventions can realise genuine improvements in water quality. To support the evidence collected, we have also summarised a number of case studies which demonstrate catchment management in action.
A Chemical and Biochemical Profile of The First Mine in AlabamaMaureen Murphy
This document summarizes research conducted on Number Six Lake in Franklin County, Alabama. The research involved several chemical and biochemical analyses:
1. Analysis of iron concentration in the lake water through colorimetric methods. Iron was found to decrease with depth.
2. Classification and analysis of calcium content in mussel shells collected from the lake. Six mussel species were identified and the mean calcium content was found to be 6.89% with a standard deviation of 1.16%.
3. Suggestions for future research include increasing the efficiency of shell grinding, analyzing more samples to correlate calcium content with species, and continuing analysis of iron in the hematite ore found at the lake.
This document summarizes a study that analyzed the shells of Ensis siliqua (pod razor shell) from 13 locations around the west coast of Britain using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The study found regional variations in the concentrations of trace metals like zinc, cadmium, lead, uranium, barium, strontium, and magnesium recorded in the shells. High levels of certain metals correlated with known pollution sources, showing shells can be used as a proxy record of environmental conditions.
Otoliths are bony structures in fish that record chemical signatures from the surrounding environment over time. Analysis of otolith microchemistry can be used to identify fish stocks, determine habitat use and migration patterns. Elements like strontium and barium deposited in otoliths vary between freshwater, estuarine and marine environments. This allows distinguishing anadromous fish that migrate between habitats and tracking their movements. Studies have used this technique to study life histories of species in Amazonian rivers and identify nursery areas of herring. Otolith microchemistry is a valuable tool for answering ecological questions about fish.
This document summarizes a study on the effects of navigational dams on the feeding morphology of two predatory fish species in the Ohio River. Measurements of mouth morphology, such as jaw length and gape width, were collected from specimens of freshwater drum (Aplodinotus grunniens) and bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) caught from different pools. Principal component analysis found the freshwater drum from the glaciated valley pool had differing mouth morphology compared to those from alluvial valley pools, indicating differences in available prey. Jaw length was the most influential morphological measurement and varies between life stages and prey selection. Further research is needed to better understand differences in diet between populations.
Water Worries -- Nitrogen From Septic Tanks, Fertilizer, Poor Sewage Treatmen...Save The Great South Bay
Prof Christopher Gobler of Stony Brook University, a global expert on algal blooms and their causes, presents his overview of Long Island's nitrogen pollution problem and how that is triggering destructive algal blooms throughout our bays. The main culprit? 500,000 septic tanks.
Spawning Behavior of Trout and Utility of Redd Countsrobertvierck
Presented by Dr. Robert F. Carline at the November 2016 Meeting of the Spring Creek Chapter of Trout Unlimited, this presentation details the spawning behavior of trout in streams. It also addressed the value of utilizing Redd Counts to determine the health of stream.
This study uses optically stimulated luminescence dating to determine the ages of lacustrine sediments and overlying dunes in two baymouth barrier systems along Lake Michigan's western shoreline. Sediment samples were collected from Clark and Kangaroo Lakes using augers and vibracoring and analyzed to differentiate between lake and eolian deposits. Optical ages indicate the lacustrine sediments were deposited during the Nipissing phase between 5.5-4.5 thousand years ago when lake levels were high. Dune ages correspond to lake level fluctuations, with most dating to the Nipissing phase though some smaller dunes at Kangaroo Lake date to the subsequent Algoma phase around 2.5 thousand years
A talk on OSL and U-series dating of the burial site and skeleton of Kiacatoo Man presented to a meeting of the Riverina branch of Soil Science Australia at Mathoura on 31 Aug 2018 by Dr Tim Pietsch, Griffith University (https://experts.griffith.edu.au/9627-tim-pietsch/about).
This document summarizes loss on ignition (LOI) results from a sediment core collected from Crystal Lake in western Ohio. LOI analysis was conducted on three additional drives from the core to further investigate quasi-cycles in organic material and calcium carbonate levels over time. The results provide evidence of fluctuating organic content between 4-18% over depths of 1200-1550cm. Calcium carbonate levels were highest from 1100-1460cm and decreased below 1460cm, potentially indicating a change in the carbon cycle. Continued LOI and other analyses at this site will improve understanding of past climate changes in the region.
This study assessed the potential impacts of the Zimmer coal-burning power plant on the Ohio River ecosystem by collecting biological and physiochemical data from sites upstream and downstream. Fish populations showed no significant differences between upstream and downstream sites. Water quality measurements like dissolved oxygen, pH, conductivity, and Secchi depth were similar across all sites and within acceptable standards. The results suggest the power plant has not significantly impacted the river based on the fish and water quality data.
Water quality monitoring of tributaries flowing into Otsego Lake continued in 2015. Nutrient concentrations and physiochemical data were collected from five tributaries providing 70% of inflow. Past studies attributed increasing eutrophication in the lake to nutrient loading from human sources like wastewater and agriculture. Best Management Practices had been implemented near tributaries to improve water quality. High precipitation in 2015 caused nutrient influxes into tributaries. Phosphorus levels decreased while nitrogen fluctuated annually. Sites also had cooler temperatures and more dissolved oxygen compared to previous years.
Heavy metals like arsenic, lead, and mercury are naturally present in small amounts in the environment but can become toxic at higher concentrations. The document discusses the various forms and sources of these metals, how their mobility and toxicity depends on factors like pH, and their impacts on human and ecosystem health. It focuses on arsenic contamination of groundwater in Bangladesh and India, where over 60% of wells exceed safe drinking water standards. The source is natural arsenic released from sediments by microbial activity that breaks down iron oxides. Shallow wells below 60m depth have the highest arsenic levels, and geochemical tracing shows correlations between arsenic and methane or ammonia, suggesting microbial mediation of arsenic mobilization from sediments poses health
Nourishment and Nursery Habitats: Dietary and Habitat-Use Biomarkers in the Saltmarsh
Created by Kathryn Brinegar @ University of North Carolina at Charlotte
Weber River Partnership native species presentationPaul Thompson
The document discusses two fish species, the Bonneville Cutthroat Trout and Bluehead Sucker, that occur in the Weber River watershed in Utah and may be impacted by the Endangered Species Act. It provides background on the species' distributions, conservation efforts undertaken by the Utah Division of Wildlife Resources and its partners, and potential for future listings under the ESA. Key points include extensive past and ongoing conservation actions that have precluded federal listings for the trout, but the sucker is likely to be petitioned for listing within 3-5 years given its small population size and threats. Partnerships are highlighted as important for demonstrating positive conservation efforts to help avoid potential listings.
2006 09 10,000 Years of Change, Richard BrunningSevernEstuary
The document summarizes the work of the Severn Estuary Levels Research Committee from 1991-2005. The committee was made up of amateurs and professionals from universities, local authorities, heritage organizations, and archaeological contractors. Their goals were to coordinate, promote, and disseminate research on the archaeology of the Severn Estuary region, and to provide an academic overview of archaeological and environmental research. Over the years, they produced annual reports, conferences, publications, and field meetings to share knowledge about sites dating back 10,000 years that have been uncovered throughout the estuary.
OLA 2009 -- 25 years-- a silver lined anniversaryPaul Robertson
Twenty-five years of lake management on Devils Lake in Oregon was celebrated as a silver anniversary. The lake has faced many challenges over the decades from excessive algae and weed growth due to sewage and agricultural runoff. In the 1980s, grass carp were introduced to control the weeds, which led to the total eradication of submerged plants but also harmful algae blooms. Today, the Devils Lake Water Improvement District continues efforts like water quality monitoring, septic system improvements, and native plant revegetation to improve the lake's health.
Presented at Within Our Reach 2012 by:
CARL SHRECK - Professor and Leader, Oregon Cooperative Fishery Research Unit, Oregon Dept. of Fish & Wildlife
GABE SCHEOSHIPS - Columbia River Intertribal Fish Commission
CYNDI BAKER - Fisheries Biologist, Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs
LANCE WYSS - Faculty Research Assistant, Willamette River Basin Lamprey Project, Oregon State University
BRIAN McILRAITH - Pacific Lamprey Project Lead, Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission
This document summarizes research on the emigration behavior and life history strategies of resident and anadromous rainbow trout/steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Scott Creek, California. The key points are:
1) Some O. mykiss remain in the upper watershed and mature as residents, while others migrate to the estuary and ocean as anadromous steelhead.
2) Genetic, physiological, and habitat factors interact to influence the proportion of fish that exhibit resident versus anadromous life histories.
3) The estuary provides important rearing habitat for juvenile O. mykiss and contributes to their growth, but degraded water quality or lack
1. This document describes a study that developed a protocol using underwater videography to quantify trout populations. Video recordings were taken and analyzed from multiple cameras suspended in pools in Pauma Creek, part of the San Luis Rey River system in Southern California. This provided more accurate population data than other survey methods and was less detrimental to the imperiled fish populations.
2. The goal was to establish a lightweight camera system that could be easily deployed in remote areas to survey trout populations in less than an hour, as an alternative to electrofishing, netting, or snorkel surveys which can stress or harm the fish. The study focused on quantifying the native trout population in Pauma Creek, which historically contained coastal steelhead
The document provides a history and analysis of water quality in the Columbia Slough in Portland, Oregon. It describes how Native Americans, pioneers, and industries utilized and polluted the slough over time. Untreated sewage and industrial waste were dumped into the slough for decades, degrading water quality. Restoration efforts since the 1990s have improved habitat for wildlife and opened the slough for recreation. Water samples from upstream and downstream sites showed no significant differences in parameters like temperature, nitrates, and phosphates, but dissolved oxygen was significantly lower upstream, indicating pollution affects water quality.
Similar to WRT CaBA/CRF Conference 02/12/14 - Andy King & Jamie Stevens (20)
On the 22nd June 201, Environmental experts, politicians and representatives from the agricultural sector gathered to discuss how the UK can better manage its soils for the benefit of people and the environment. The conference, Creating resilient catchments: Better Soil Management, was organised by Westcountry Rivers Trust (WRT) and brought together key bodies and individuals to understand the drivers and interests in soil management, paving the way for future collaboration.
The Partnership approach & assessing the benefits of catchment management. 12th & 13th September 2016 at the Rougemont Hotel, Exeter. Following the decision to leave the EU the need to come together to tackle the complex environmental problems we face such as diffuse pollution and habitat fragmentation has never been greater. This conference sets out the benefits and drawbacks of partnership working and the effectiveness of dealing with problems at a catchment scale.
The Partnership approach & assessing the benefits of catchment management. 12th & 13th September 2016 at the Rougemont Hotel, Exeter. Following the decision to leave the EU the need to come together to tackle the complex environmental problems we face such as diffuse pollution and habitat fragmentation has never been greater. This conference sets out the benefits and drawbacks of partnership working and the effectiveness of dealing with problems at a catchment scale.
The Partnership approach & assessing the benefits of catchment management. 12th & 13th September 2016 at the Rougemont Hotel, Exeter. Following the decision to leave the EU the need to come together to tackle the complex environmental problems we face such as diffuse pollution and habitat fragmentation has never been greater. This conference sets out the benefits and drawbacks of partnership working and the effectiveness of dealing with problems at a catchment scale.
The Partnership approach & assessing the benefits of catchment management. 12th & 13th September 2016 at the Rougemont Hotel, Exeter. Following the decision to leave the EU the need to come together to tackle the complex environmental problems we face such as diffuse pollution and habitat fragmentation has never been greater. This conference sets out the benefits and drawbacks of partnership working and the effectiveness of dealing with problems at a catchment scale.
The document summarizes a conference for the Rivers Trust. It discusses the Catchment Based Approach (CaBA), which brings together local stakeholders to identify solutions to water management issues. CaBA has led to increased funding and more integrated, collaborative work. The National CaBA Support Group helps partnerships leverage funding and support catchment plans. CaBA tools like citizen science and online mapping are discussed. CaBA is seen as an effective way to achieve multiple benefits like water quality, flood risk management, and community well-being. Governance of CaBA emphasizes collaboration, social learning, and a systems approach.
The Partnership approach & assessing the benefits of catchment management. 12th & 13th September 2016 at the Rougemont Hotel, Exeter. Following the decision to leave the EU the need to come together to tackle the complex environmental problems we face such as diffuse pollution and habitat fragmentation has never been greater. This conference sets out the benefits and drawbacks of partnership working and the effectiveness of dealing with problems at a catchment scale.
The document describes a local action project that aims to work with local communities to enhance natural capital in urban areas. It does this by providing evidence and resources to support targeting and implementing environmental management actions. The project will conduct a review of environmental assets and natural capital, assess benefits and priorities, and develop an "urban practitioners toolbox" of potential interventions. It will also produce detailed opportunity mapping. The project focuses on areas like Leicester and aims to quantify benefits, identify needs and opportunities, and support partnerships to increase funding and implementation of actions.
The 2015 Catchment Based Approach Conference was held on June 8th at Fishmonger's Hall in London. The focus of the day was the sharing of best practice between partnerships. Nick Paling from the Westcountry Rivers Trust gave a presentation entitled, 'Ecosystem Service benefits in the Urban Environment: Developing a common framework for delivery & communication' as part of the 'Delivery in the Urban Environment' session.
The Defra Local Action Project has been working with local communities to enhance the value of natural capital in our towns, cities and other urban spaces to improve people’s lives, the environment & economic prosperity…For each Demonstration Area we have developed a suite of evidence and information resources to support the targeting and implementation of environmental management or enhancement actions in urban landscapes. On the 18th April 2016 the Westcountry Rivers Trust delivery team met with several key stakeholders and practitioners who work in Manchester to examine the preliminary outputs of the Local Action Project.
The Defra Local Action Project has been working with local communities to enhance the value of natural capital in our towns, cities and other urban spaces to improve people’s lives, the environment & economic prosperity. For each Demonstration Area we have developed a suite of evidence and information resources to support the targeting and implementation of environmental management or enhancement actions in urban landscapes. On the 7th April 2016 the Westcountry Rivers Trust delivery team met with the Thames Estuary Partnership to examine the preliminary outputs of the Local Action Project.
Nick Paling's (WRT Head of Evidence & Engagement) overview presentation to the IFM- and SFCC-hosted 'Mapping Environmental Management Workshop' held in Edinburgh on the 1-2nd March 2016. To meet the growing threats to the environment and biodiversity posed by anthropogenic pressures and climate change; to make the most efficient and effective use of the limited resources available for conservation, and to fulfill our statutory conservation targets, there is now a growing imperative for conservation and fisheries management organisations to analyse and visualise spatial evidence to inform their work and to undertake landscape-scale conservation strategy development. As a result of this increased demand, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have now become a powerful and flexible tool used by many environmental scientists, ecologists and conservation biologists engaged in a wide array of work activities.
Rapid, fine-scale remote sensing to support targeted catchment managementWestcountry Rivers Trust
Nick Paling's (WRT Head of Evidence & Engagement) presentation on the work Westcountry Rivers Trust has been do with the University of Exeter to trial rapid, low-cost remote sensing technologies (with a specially developed smartphone app, a remote controlled drone and fine-grained Structure-from-Motion – SfM – photogrammetric modelling), and assessed the potential of this approach for targeting catchment management interventions designed to mitigate sources and pathways of diffuse agricultural pollution mobilisation at a farm/field scale. The study has also examined the benefits of using this approach compared to the use of freely available topogrpahic data obtained from Tellus SW LiDAR aerial survey (funded by NERC).
Presentation given at the IFM- and SFCC-hosted 'Mapping for Environmental Management Workshop' in Edinburgh on March 2nd 2016.
Collaborative delivery of green infrastructure and water management solutions (e.g. SuDS) in the urban environment can realise multiple benefits including reduced flood risk, improved water quality and biodiversity, greater amenity and enhanced community health and well-being. In March 2016, the CaBA Urban Working Group, in collaboration with the Defra Urban Ecosystem Services Project (www.urbanwater-eco.services) and Ciria (www.ciria.org), hosted a series of workshops designed to build capacity and expertise within CaBA partnerships to help drive greater collaborative delivery within the urban environment.
The Delivering Environmental Benefits for Urban Communities Conference included a ‘show and tell’ symposium designed to meet the objectives of the Urban CaBA Sub-Group: 1) champion the Catchment Partnership approach to water management in urban areas; 2) support CaBA partnerships nationwide by helping them to build capacity, expertise and engage more effectively with stakeholders, communities, developers, funders and businesses, and 3) promote the benefits and raise awareness of partnership working in the urban environment. During this session practitioners, strategic planners and academics were given 5 minute slots to introduce their work/expertise and to signpost people to their resources or further information. These 'pitches' were divided into: 1) practical delivery of interventions; 2) strategic tools/approaches (incl. CBA, targeting, design/optioneering); 3) help and guidance for urban practitioners, and 4) engagement, communications and partnership working. Speakers will be invited to say what they have done, what their objectives were and what the outcome of the work was/is intended to be.
In this 1 hour lecture Dr Nick Paling, the Westcountry Rivers Trust's Head of Data, Evidence & Communications illustrates how the pressures degrading water quality in a catchment can be assessed and their sources determined. Once done, this allows a carefully tailored and targeted plan of action to be formed to reduce these impacts.
This document discusses using stable isotopes to trace sources of phosphate in the River Taw catchment area. Phosphate concentrations in the river have been increasing, causing parts of the catchment to fail water quality standards for phosphorus. The document establishes baseline stable isotope signatures for different potential phosphate sources like soil, fertilizer, and manure. Isotope ratios were then measured for phosphate samples collected from sites across the catchment area. Preliminary results suggest the main sources of phosphate in the upper catchment are sewage treatment works, septic tanks, and possibly mineral fertilizers, with septic tanks being a diffuse source that could explain rising concentrations. More sampling is needed to better understand phosphate dynamics and identify other contributing sources
In December 2014 WRT held a Catchment Based Approach and Catchment Restoration Fund Conference in Exeter. The University of Plymouth's Sean Comber gave a summary of their work with WRT to examine the effects of road run-off on the Upper River Teign.
In December 2014 WRT held a Catchment Based Approach and Catchment Restoration Fund Conference in Exeter. WRT's Scott West gave a presentation on the fishery managers toolbox for species and habitat management.
In December 2014 WRT held a Catchment Based Approach and Catchment Restoration Fund Conference in Exeter. WRT's Nick Paling gave an overview of how participatory interrogation of data and evidence can help engage catchment partners and inform/target catchment and environmental management.
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...Open Access Research Paper
Water polluted by dyestuffs compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent chemical and Physical system from an algae, chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle and impregnated with algae with chitosan nanocomposite for the sorption of Malachite green dye from water. The algae with chitosan nanocomposite by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. Algae, chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle and algae with chitosan nanocomposite were characterized using different physicochemical methods. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in algae, chitosan, chitosan algae, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with algae were identified using FTIR, SEM, and TGADTA/DTG techniques. The optimal adsorption conditions, different dosages, pH and Temperature the amount of algae with chitosan nanocomposite were determined. At optimized conditions and the batch equilibrium studies more than 99% of the dye was removed. The adsorption process data matched well kinetics showed that the reaction order for dye varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the algae with chitosan nanocomposite toward malachite green dye reached as high as 15.5mg/g, respectively. Finally, multiple times reusing of algae with chitosan nanocomposite and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...Open Access Research Paper
The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
Evolving Lifecycles with High Resolution Site Characterization (HRSC) and 3-D...Joshua Orris
The incorporation of a 3DCSM and completion of HRSC provided a tool for enhanced, data-driven, decisions to support a change in remediation closure strategies. Currently, an approved pilot study has been obtained to shut-down the remediation systems (ISCO, P&T) and conduct a hydraulic study under non-pumping conditions. A separate micro-biological bench scale treatability study was competed that yielded positive results for an emerging innovative technology. As a result, a field pilot study has commenced with results expected in nine-twelve months. With the results of the hydraulic study, field pilot studies and an updated risk assessment leading site monitoring optimization cost lifecycle savings upwards of $15MM towards an alternatively evolved best available technology remediation closure strategy.
RoHS stands for Restriction of Hazardous Substances, which is also known as t...vijaykumar292010
RoHS stands for Restriction of Hazardous Substances, which is also known as the Directive 2002/95/EC. It includes the restrictions for the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment. RoHS is a WEEE (Waste of Electrical and Electronic Equipment).
Optimizing Post Remediation Groundwater Performance with Enhanced Microbiolog...Joshua Orris
Results of geophysics and pneumatic injection pilot tests during 2003 – 2007 yielded significant positive results for injection delivery design and contaminant mass treatment, resulting in permanent shut-down of an existing groundwater Pump & Treat system.
Accessible source areas were subsequently removed (2011) by soil excavation and treated with the placement of Emulsified Vegetable Oil EVO and zero-valent iron ZVI to accelerate treatment of impacted groundwater in overburden and weathered fractured bedrock. Post pilot test and post remediation groundwater monitoring has included analyses of CVOCs, organic fatty acids, dissolved gases and QuantArray® -Chlor to quantify key microorganisms (e.g., Dehalococcoides, Dehalobacter, etc.) and functional genes (e.g., vinyl chloride reductase, methane monooxygenase, etc.) to assess potential for reductive dechlorination and aerobic cometabolism of CVOCs.
In 2022, the first commercial application of MetaArray™ was performed at the site. MetaArray™ utilizes statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and multivariate analysis to provide evidence that reductive dechlorination is active or even that it is slowing. This creates actionable data allowing users to save money by making important site management decisions earlier.
The results of the MetaArray™ analysis’ support vector machine (SVM) identified groundwater monitoring wells with a 80% confidence that were characterized as either Limited for Reductive Decholorination or had a High Reductive Reduction Dechlorination potential. The results of MetaArray™ will be used to further optimize the site’s post remediation monitoring program for monitored natural attenuation.
Optimizing Post Remediation Groundwater Performance with Enhanced Microbiolog...
WRT CaBA/CRF Conference 02/12/14 - Andy King & Jamie Stevens
1. Exploring the genetic basis of metal
tolerance in populations of the
brown trout (Salmo trutta L.)
Josephine Paris, Andrew King &
Jamie Stevens
2. Camel Fal Hayle Red River
Zinc (ug/l) 17 37 350 238
Copper (ug/l) 5 5 28 27
Arsenic (ug/l) 4 4 9 86
Clean Metal
3. For example, the River Hayle
• Essentially copper
producing mines
• Record production
approaching 160,000 tons
of concentrates.
• Small amounts of zinc and
lead, plus some silver.
• Tin is recorded from only
three of the mines and
outputs are insignificant.
4. What we’ve found
Each trout metal population has a different genetic profile
compared to trout from clean rivers, and other metal
populations
We have timed the generation of each distinct heavy metal
population to historical events relating to mining activity
Metal-impacted populations have lower genetic diversity
compared to reference ‘clean’ rivers… evidence of population
bottlenecks & local adaptation
15 populations
641 individuals
25 microsatellite loci
9 potentially under
selection
5. Lower genetic diversity in heavy metal rivers
25 microsatellite loci15 populations
641 individuals
5.50
6.50
7.50
8.50
9.50
10.50
AR
0.55
0.60
0.65
0.70
0.75
0.80
He
0.55
0.60
0.65
0.70
0.75
0.80
Ho
7. Distinct population structure
Hayle 1
Gannel 2
Fal
Camel 1
Camel 2
Gannel 1
Tresillian
Hayle 2
Crowlas
Trevaylor 1
Trevaylor 2
Hayle 3Hayle 4
Red River 1
Red River 2
Coord.2:19.8%
Coord. 1: 45.2%
8. Next step:
RAD-seq-based SNP discovery
• Allows for rapid genome-wide screening for fine-scale
(inter-population) variation
• Allows for detection of genetic markers (SNPs) associated
with adaptive traits (= identification of non-neutral
genetic loci)
• Preliminary analysis identifies SNPs (polymorphisms)
associated with survival in metal impacted waters; some
of these SNPs are in areas of the genome associated with
metal processing, e.g. metallothionein.
9. Genetic Investigations on
Brown Trout from the
Devon Avon
R. Andrew King, Bruce Stockley & Jamie R. Stevens
Exeter University & Westcountry Rivers Trust
10. Devon Avon
• Also known as the River Aune
• Catchment is in the South Hams district of Devon
• River is approx. 35km in length and 105km2, rising
on Dartmoor and entering the sea at Bigbury-on-Sea
• Catchment is included, along with the Erme and
Yealm, in the CRF South Hams River Improvement
Project (SHRImP)
11. WFD Failures
• EA report published January 2011
• Upper Avon is failing Water
Framework Directive (WFD) for fish
and acidity
• Section downstream of the Avon
Dam is notable for the absence of
salmon and eels, but trout are
present
• This was suspected as being due to
the combined influence of the Avon
Dam (1957) and low acidity (post-
Industrial Revolution)
12. WRT Management Questions
• Q1 - Is the Avon Dam having a genetic affect on
the trout populations downstream of the dam?
• Q2 - Are there genetic differences between the
trout populations above and below the Avon
Dam?
13. Genetic Analyses
• Samples collected from multiple sites along the river by
Environment Agency and Westcountry Rivers Trust staff during
routine electrofishing surveys
• Total sample of 236 fish
• Grouped into five ‘populations’
• Us Avon Dam
• Avon Dam to Shipley
• Shipley to South Brent
• Avonwick
• Bickham Bridge
• Screened for variation at 19 putatively neutral
microsatellite loci used during the AARC Project
• Basic measures of genetic diversity calculated and
genetic structuring investigated
14. Bickham Br
2012 - N=29
Avonwick
2011 - N=44
N=number collected
us Avon Dam
2013 - N=76
Dam to Shipley
2013 - N=14
2014 - N=36
Shipley to South Brent
2013 - N=10
2014 - N=29
20. Conclusions
• We can give answers to WRT’s management questions
• The Avon Dam has had an affect on the levels of genetic
diversity in brown trout in the reaches downstream of
the dam
• There are two distinct genetic groups of brown trout in
the Devon Avon, but the boundary between the two is
not coincident with the dam
• Divergence time of the two groups suggests that the split
is not recent and that the trout population in the upper
Avon has been isolated above Shipley Falls for at least
3500 years
• This would suggest that the WFD failures for salmon
and eel are due to Shipley Falls acting as a natural
migration barrier (also for sea trout)
21. Acknowledgments
• Project was funded by the Westcountry Rivers
Trust and by the EU INTERREG AARC project
• Karensa Lawrie, Giles Rickard and Scott West
• Environment Agency Devon electrofishing teams
Investing in our common future