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Writing Compare And Contrast Essay Writing Compare And Contrast Essay

Guns Germs And Steel Summary
Allison Case Mr. Pachankis 4th period December 1, 2015 Diamond, Jared. Guns, Germs, and Steel:
The Fates of Human Societies. New York: W.W. Norton, 1998. Print. In the book Guns, Germs, And
Steel, Jared Diamond explains how different parts and people of the world advanced faster than
others. He states that it is not because of race or ethnicity that caused this difference; it is because of
the surroundings of the people that caused these improvements. Diamond argues this throughout the
whole book. He makes his argument believable to his readers. The point the author is trying to make
in this book was to dispute the important qualities that caused distinguished societies to have an
advancement
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Trove Character Analysis
How to properly build a character in Trove
Have you ever asked a player on Trove what their power rank is and was astonished by their answer?
Then this is how they got where they are and what you will need to get your character or character up
to the desired level.
The first thing you need to do when it comes to becoming a top Trovain player is to look at what gives
the power to you as the player. There are three big things that make up your characters. The first one is
the level of the character. Having a max level thirty character is one of the first things you need. The
second is to keep your eye on your mastery, each level you add to your mastery you get power rank
added to all your characters. Thus, bringing ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Another key factor you will notice as you are leveling up your character is you are unlocking gem
slots. This is key to the power rank portion of Trove, and that s why you need to be level 30 because
by doing so you will have unlocked all gem slots and allow you to insert the maximum number of
gems onto that character.
After talking about leveling and gems a little I will go in a little deeper in the matter. To make sure you
can get into the desired portals as you level. Your face, hat, and weapon you should be changing out
with the items you pick up from dungeons if it will give you more power rank. Your end gear type will
be called Stellar gear but you will end up having to buy that from another player using the in game
currency but that will be needed later. So, in the mean time you will focus on what gear you can find
at the end of dungeons. This is also applied to the gems you will get from opening the gem boxes you
receive for completing dungeons. You want to equip the highest power ranked gem which is
commonly received after opening seventy gem boxes.
The prime goal of you leveling and stick on gear is to reach ten thousand power rank and be level
thirty. You should be able to do such by leveling the radiant gems up to level fifteen that you will find
in Uber eight world. Once you get into Uber nine world with your ten thousand power rank then you
will need to change your game play a little on what gems you will equip

Ackley s Descriptive Writing In The Catcher In The Rye
Mr. Spencer Ackley s Descriptive writing The Catcher in The Rye is about a seventeen year old boy
Named Holden who is in a mental hospital. Having a flashback about what happened last December
when he was 16 and just got kicked out of Pencey prep in the story he is trying to discover the world.
Confused about everything does poorly in school and shows depression in hatred for everyone and
everything. Throughout the story he meets people that impact his life like Mr. Spencer and Robert
Ackley. Mr. Spencer a seventy year old man, who is Holden s history teacher. You may still wonder
why he even teaches at his age if you really think about it. Old and gross two words that come out of
readers mind s when reading the story. The minute I went in, I was sorry I d come he was reading the
Atlantic Monthly , and there were pills and medicine all over the place and everything smelled like
Vicks Nose Drops it was pretty depressing, I m not too crazy about sick people anyway ,what made it
more depressing , old spencer had on this very sad , ratty old bathrobe that he was probably born in it
or something, I don t much like to see old guys in their pajamas and bathrobes anyway (11) this
introduces us to the way adults view Holden and the way he views them in return this a big lack of
understanding Mr . Spencer dosen t know what s wrong with Holden but he wants to help by lecturing
Him. Mr. Spencer is a very nice teacher the character in the story seems to have a connection with
Holden. Even if he failed Holden for not writing his essay on the Egyptians, like he should ve had old
Spencer cares for him deeply. I d like to put a sense in that head of yours boy I m trying to help you If
I can (20) Holden thought differently than his teachers. Mr. Spencer made a big difference, but that
didn t mean he would be the change that still gives the reader a thought on Mr. Spencer never giving
up and having faith that someday things would change for Holden. Robert Ackley a former roommate
of Holden s has many weaknesses. Ackley is dirty, pimply, and all around unhygienic he s annoying.
He ll come into your room and pick your personal stuff and put it back in the wrong place. He thinks
being two years older than Holden and six

Spider Bite Research Papers
Insect and spider bites are very common, and most can be treated safely at home without medical
assistance. Unfortunately, there are several types of spider bites that can cause complications if not
treated promptly by a doctor. Country singer, Carelle Mowatt, learned this the hard way. The 24 year
old woman, who lives in England, was surprised to wake up one morning with a large blister on her
leg that had formed after receiving a spider bite. She decided to treat it at home with antihistamines.
The blister continued to grow over in size over the next several days. When it erupted, Mowatt knew it
was time to be seen by a doctor. Doctors told her that the blister was from a spider bite that had
become infected. Mowatt s leg was incredibly ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Though they rarely cause death, black widow bites are serious due to the extreme pain. Those who are
bitten should go to an emergency room. Antitoxins are typically administered to counteract the venom
and narcotics may be prescribed for the pain. Brown Recluse Spider
http://hardinmd.lib.uiowa.edu/pictures22/dermatlas/loxosceles_1_020724.jpg Brown recluses are
found both indoors and outdoors in the central and southern parts of the United States. They typically
are found in dark, quiet places such as shoes, vents, shoe boxes and in the attic. The initial bite is
painless at first. Within the hour, most people notice a burning sensation at the site. A small pimple or
blister forms within the next several hours. Left untreated, the skin in the affected area will begin to
raise and darken. Extensive tissue death and damage can occur without prompt medical care. After
receiving the bite, ice should be applied to reduce swelling. The spider should be kept, if possible, in a
bag in order for doctors to correctly identify it. Emergency care is required in order for antibiotics and
pain relievers to be administered, which will prevent tissue damage from occurring. Common Sac

Ms Trunchball Analysis
The film Matilda by Danny DeVito was released in 1996. Ms Trunchball is depicted as an evil and
malicious character. This is shown through her appearance, personality and language lighting effects
and camera angles.
Firstly, Ms Trunchballs negative appearance depicts and shows how evil and malicious she is. Her
appearance is very unflattering and what she wears makes her look even more scary and terrifying
then she really is. She wears dark, harsh clothing which is unflattering and old fashioned, as a viewer
it makes me feel scared and anxious about how she dresses and appears as a character. Ms Trunchball
is big, tall, intimidating, and nasty, very mean to children, this is shown through her appearance. When
Ms Trunchball is introduced to the movie for the first time there are many low angles to make ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Most of the angles used focus on the one subject Ms Trunchball. Although most of the camera angles
used are low angles, as these types of shots make a subject appear larger, bigger, powerful strong and
threating towards viewers, so that they get an idea of how the evil character in the story is. Also, eye
level shots or close ups of Ms Trunchball were the most effective because it showed her disgusting
teeth, this is not very appealing to the audience. There was also some extreme close ups on her face to
show exaggerated facial expressions. The camera angles that were used on Ms Trunchball, are showed
strongly through the editing techniques. As Danny DeVito uses a high angle shot to show all the
details of what the school looks like from a top view. However some of the techniques Danny DeVito
uses, such as when Ms Trunchball spins a girl around by her pigtails, may potentially be too scary for
little children under eight. The direction and angles of the shots were demonstrated appropriately,
because it was noticeable and eye opening as a

Handmaid s Tale Essay
traditional communities, particularly in the more remote villages, she is still expected to shave her
head and live like an ascetic, sleeping on the ground, living only to fast and pray for her departed
spouse. (50)
When Kanaklatha, a widow in Vrindavan says This is not life, ..... We all died the day our husbands
died. How can anyone describe our pain? Our hearts are all on fire with sorrow. Now we just wait for
the day when all this will end. It s clear how much pain and sufferings they are undergoing. This
custom of sending widows is still prevails in certain states of India. Amidst their sufferings, certain
businessmen try to take advantage over this situation. They would give donations to their ashrams and
receive receipts stating that they had given much larger amounts, which would be written off against
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The religious practices which are still followed in the country, makes one feel that they are living in
the primitive world. The story of Roop Kanwar from Deorala , Rajasthan, is a violent and forceful
murder, Which was fabricated as Sati by the villagers. When speaking about Sati , Dalrymple
enumerates: Sati is still deeply engrained in the culture of many parts of rural India, and nowhere
more so than in Rajasthan, which is now the centre of the cult of the goddess Sati Mata.... a memorial
put up to mark the place where a living, breathing widow chose to climb atop her husband s burning
funeral pyre, sacrificing herself to ensure her husband s successful rebirth. In this way she is believed
to join her soul with the goddess Sati Mata and to bring good luck to her family and her village for
seven generations (122).
The pathetic death/ Sati of Roop Kanwar shows that still in India, age old customs are followed with
awe and fear. How people try to hide the murder of Roop Kanwar in the name of Sati shows there are
places in India where laws are of no use. Explaining this Dalrymple

Plot Of Antigone Plot
Plot Summary: The story takes place in Victorian Era London. Creon is a rich earl who is feared by
many. His nephews, Eteocles and Polyneices, engaged in a duel over who would be viable to inherit
his fortune (which belonged to their father before Creon). Both were killed. Because Polyneices
started the conflict, Creon decided that he was disgraced and ordered that he be given no funeral or
proper burial. But one of Polyneices s sisters, Antigone, decided that Creon s ruling was unfair and
went behind his back to try and organise a funeral for him.
Act Summary: The undertaker at the local funeral parlor met Antigone when she arrived, trying to
organize a funeral for her disgraced brother. Knowing that Creon had notified every funeral parlor in
the area that Polyneices was to be denied a funeral, he brought Antigone to Creon s estate, where the
two get into an argument.
[CREON stands with his arms crossed, clearly upset with ANTIGONE, who stares ahead forlornly.
Her lavish dress is dirty, as if she had struggled to avoid capture. The UNDERTAKER still holds her
arm tightly.]
CREON
Have you really disobeyed me?
ANTIGONE [eyes downcast, avoiding her uncle]
Well, I see no point in denying it.
CREON [sighs]
Thank you for catching her, undertaker. You may leave now.
[The UNDERTAKER nods and exits the house.]
Antigone, were you fully aware that I had forbade a funeral for your embarrassment of a brother?
ANTIGONE
Yes.
CREON
So you chose to disobey your own uncle?

Successful Gas Grill
It s difficult to pick a certain gas grill these days, because there are a lot of models to choose from.
Modern gas grills come with many features and options that make them appealing to the costumers,
but there are still a few model that stand out in front of the rest when it comes to quality.
Read the following lines to find out which are the top 3 most innoative gas grills available, and go
with one of these exceptional gas grills if you want to buy one for yourself.
The Summerset TRL38 comes at the price of $2800, the price of this model being a bargain compared
to other top quality gas grills.
It s a great cooking appliance that is built from the finest stainless steel, and if you add the sear zone
you can get stakehouse sear easily after ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Definitely the best and most innovative gas grill available is the Twin Eagles TEBQ42RS BN that
comes at the price of $5700.
It might be up there when it comes to the price, but this natural gas grill with infrared rotisserie and
sear zone is worth every penny.
This gas grill mixes direct heat with radiant heat to allow the grill to reach higher temperature and
distribute the heat evenly, the grill using less gas, performing better, and preheating faster than other
gas grills.
It has an amazing 1060 square inch total area, 3 25000 BTU stainless steel burners that come with a
lifetime warranty, high quality briquettes, zone dividers to regulate different grilling areas, and
decorative LED control panel lights to make it easier to grill with it when it s dark.
There are a lot of gas grills available these days, making it difficult to pick just one. Make your
decision easier by reading this article about the top 3 most innovative gas grills, and choose one of
these models if you want to have a quality gas

Law Enforcement Provides Society With An Array Of...
Law enforcement provides society with an array of invaluable services that cannot be overlooked.
Law enforcement officers place themselves at considerable risk in order to protect the safety of others.
Moreover, these individuals are not prompted by financial incentives to enter this hazardous line of
work, but are instead motivated by the personal rewards and satisfaction that emanate from advancing
the interests of the commonwealth. However, in spite of their vast contributions, law enforcement
officers are capable of error and behaving unethically. For example, an officer may accidently commit
an infraction due to an oversight, or they may knowingly abuse their position of authority. Thus,
various protections have been afforded to the public as a defense against the violation of their rights.
The fourth amendment functions as a deterrent against police impropriety by establishing the
conditions under which an officer can perform a search. Overall, the vehicle search that was
conducted in the scenario was illegal; thus, any of the evidence that was seized would be inadmissible
in a court of law.
The Legality of the Search
Some of the actions of the other officer were warranted and they did initially act within the confines of
the law. Ultimately, the other officer did not arbitrarily decide to stop a vehicle. The registration of the
vehicle had been expired, which constitutes an offense; thus, the other officer did have legitimate
grounds to stop the vehicle. However,

Literary Warnings
Literary Warnings Throughout history, authors have utilized their works of literary art to entertain and
also to inform. Some texts have no merit as a form of instruction, but those usually do not last the test
to time. Of the literary works that have survived through the years, the vast majority of them have a
lesson to teach the reader which warns them against a certain set of behaviors which may serve as a
hindrance to them either in their life or in the afterlife. Characters in works of literature can function
either as ideal examples of how a person should behave, or they can function as counterexamples
wherein the reader is encouraged absolutely not to emulate their behaviors. Each story provides a
unique lesson and an expectation from the author that the reader will understand what it is that they
are trying to teach. This is certainly true for the likes of authors such as the Beowulf author, Geoffrey
Chaucer, and John Milton in their most famous literary works. Beowulf tells the story of a warrior
who goes to serve another country and to fight their monster Grendel. In the epic poem Beowulf, the
hero is one born to wealth and raised to wealth. This position, rather than making him weak, has
allowed Beowulf to become respected in his community as a man of generosity and, because of his
skills as a warrior, immense courage. To this extent, the reader sees Beowulf engaging in acts of
bravery and of generosity towards his fellow men. In the prologue, in discussing

Interracial Adoption Essay
Interracial Adoption There are millions of children without parents in this world. This number is
growing fast due to the fact that many parents might not be able to take care of their child or they put
the child up for adoption. Many people know that interracial adoptions have become more popular.
The biggest problem is many people think parents looking for a child should only be able to adopt a
child of the same race. This does not matter as long as they can raise the child like it is their own, give
it the love it needs and raise it to their best ability. Interracial adoptions should be allowed because
many children want a happy home and family and to live a happy life. Interracial adoptions go way
back starting in the 1950 s. It all started with white children being up for adoption, but with World War
II ending many war children were getting put up for adoption and the number increased. Jaegoo Lee
states In the year 1995, the number of interracial adoptions was about 1,000 but in 2001 it went up to
8,000 children (Lee 122). That is a 7,000 difference in number of children adopted in just six years. In
2011 over 9,319 children were adopted internationally into the U.S. from China and South Africa (Lee
122). During a vast period of interracial adoptions, they were reaching up to 45,000 children being
adopted but today it has dropped dramatically. Many countries opened up to placing children abroad,
but now they have closed again; these countries include Russia, China, and countries in eastern
Europe and Africa (Bartholet 22). Some countries like China make people pay a fee of $3000 $5000
for a child. Many people have argued to have a systematic tax on adoption so parents adopting would
have to send a few thousand dollars per adoption to support families in sending countries (Bartholet).
When parents are looking to adopt a child the adoption facility looks at their records. They make sure
that they can provide for the child and themselves. They also make sure they do not come from a bad
background. They also make sure the parents will love the child as if it was their own and always
show the child they love them. They will make sure the child knows that the adoptive parents love
them (Bartholet).

Americans With Disabilities Act Research Paper
Definition
The Americans with Disabilities Act signed by President George H. W. Bush in July 26, 1990,
outstands against discrimination to disabled individuals. Being one of the most complete legalization
of civil privileges, this act promises individuals with disabilities that they will have the same
opportunities as everyone else to contribute in the regular American life to buy services and goods, to
enjoy job opportunities, and to contribute in local and in state government services and programs.
Additions of the ADA of 1990 to the existing CRA Title VII of 1964.
Unlike people who had experienced discrimination against the civil rights act of 1964, the ones who
had experienced it on the basis of disability didn t have any legal recourse ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The first significant move in the public disability policy happened in 1973 with the introduction of
section 504 of the 1973 Rehabilitation Act. This section, which prohibited discrimination against
disabled beneficiaries of federal funds was created after several previous laws in relation with Title
VII. Section 504 made Congress recognize that there was a lower social and economic status given to
people with disabilities, and it was not caused by the actual disability, it was caused by social
prejudices as well as social barriers. With the help of a new motivated population and section 504
specifications, the ADAAct was in the way to become a world model, nevertheless, nothing is perfect
when creating a new law, and in this case, the religious and business opposition was well

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Federation
3.Federation Model III /Representative Model
There would be no individual membership to the federation, but any qualified person can take
membership with any one of the national level psychology associations. One can hold membership
with more than one association, without having any implication on the voting power. The federation
will be formed by the representatives of the national level psychology associations, which forms the
EC. Voting power within the EC will be decided depending on the strength of each constituent
national association. A similar model exists with the psychological societies of the Czech Republic
(CR). Instead of Federation, the Czech Republic have The Union of Psychologists Associations (UPA
CR) which came into being ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For example, during the first term, the President will be from Association A, the president elect from
Association B, Secretary General from Association C and the treasurer from Association D. Similarly,
the representation to different international psychology associations can also planned in rotation.
Advantages: 1.There is no need to invoke any change in the existing bylaws of the associations. 2. The
bylaw of the federation can be framed by the representatives of each of the associations with the
approval of the general body of the constitutent associations. 3. Internationally, the number of
representatives to the forums would go up and Indian Psychologists as a group would yield more
power. 4. Since there will be more than one representative at the international forums, the transition
will be smoother..
Disadvantages are as follows: 1.Each association may not take initiative to come together to form a
strong association. 2. Change in the organogram of the associations in the functioning of the
federation may not be appreciated by the office bearers of the associations. 3. The rotation of
representation to international union or societies can be a bone of

The Impact It Had On 1920 s Life And Culture
Question #1: After reviewing lesson 22 create a newspaper headline or post an image that highlights
one of the significant movements of the 1920 s that you learned about. Please provide a brief summary
about the image and the impact it had on 1920 s life and culture. Theodore Roosevelt s death in 1919
left the American progressives without their strongest voice. The void was noticeable as the election
neared, and no candidate provided a strong response to Republican Warren G. Harding s return to
normalcy rhetoric. Harding s candidacy struck a chord with an American public overwhelmed with a
recent past of violent labor strikes, racial tensions, and economic instability. In effect, Harding offered
the American public the very order they

My Experience At Erin s Place
My breathing is steady and shallow, the exhales causing slight disturbances in the fog around me, my
shoes making a constant smack, smack on the pavement. The mist acts like a thin blanket, dampening
my senses, making the world just a little quieter, a little calmer. All around me are the sounds and
smells of pure, serene nighttime. To my left is the pond; ducks are huddled along the shoreline,
sometimes ruffling their feathers or making a sleepy murmur. I just passed the campus daycare, the
windows are all dark and the playground is empty; the swing creaks back and forth slightly... There
must be a breeze.
I m on my way back from a long night of studying. It s around 2AM, the cafeteria in the university
hall is open all the time so students can study late for upcoming finals. I m not much of a cram studier
so I m way ahead and I don t have any exams for a few days.
I should have made plans to stay at Erin s place. She lives on campus in the dorms and she gave me a
copy of her key (which is completely against the rules, by the way, but she figured I might need a
place to crash if I ever got too drunk at a campus party), but I m pretty sure she won t appreciate me
storming in at 2AM when she, unlike me, has an exam in the morning. I brought the key with me in
case I was too tired to walk home; but alas, coffee is a brilliant invention, and if anything I feel wide
awake, so I silently review the topics I m finished going over... Riemann Sums... multivariable
integration... domain

Laser Therapy Case Study
The fetoscopic laser therapy [17] is currently recognized as the first line treatment for stage I to IV
TTTS diagnosed before 26 weeks of gestation, resulting in better survival and neurological outcomes
of fetuses. However, because laser therapy has to coagulate the placental anastomotic vessels between
the two fetuses in TTTS, the decreased placental perfusion to the donor twin with FGR may cause a
higher fetal demise rate than in the TTTS donor without FGR [18]. Furthermore, the procedure of
laser therapy is not free of complications. In our series, 11.4% of treated cases experienced premature
rupture of membranes (PROMs) within 3 weeks, and 2.2% of treated cases developed
chorioamnionitis needing termination [11]. So in the TTTS twins ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
MtDNA increases have been associated with hypoxia in the placentas of FGR [8]. Our results further
suggest that the rescue perfusion from the AGA to sFGR fetuses determines the placental hypoxic
status in the sFGR twins between these two groups. One potential etiology of sFGR in MC twins is its
low placental share [12]. Our results (Figure 2) of similar placental discordance in the TTTS with
sFGR (group 1) and the no TTTS twins with sFGR (group 3) provided evidence against the hypothesis
that the different degrees of low placental share in the sFGR twins led to different placental mtDNA
contents between these two groups. We have previously reported that the fetal / placenta weight (F/P)
ratio is increased in MC twins with sFGR [19] when rescue perfusion from the larger placental
territory to the sFGR one through vascular anastomoses works to promote growth of the sFGR twin.
By this compensatory mechanism, the sFGR twin in each pair of shunt patent twins (group 3) gets
more perfusion than its small placental territory would usually supply, resulting in the alleviation of
hypoxic stressors and a decrease of mtDNA content in the sFGR placental territory. On the other hand,
laser therapy disrupts the vascular shunt between the TTTS twins and terminates the aforementioned
rescue perfusion, resulting in hypoxia and,

Ethics Of Confidentiality In Health Care
Ethics of Confidentiality
Healthcare administrators and those persons working in healthcare facilities have a legal and moral
and ethical responsibility to safeguard the information of individual that are in their care, they also
must find a balance in the healthcare services and then the business profits. Depending on the area in
which an individual is working will depend largely on what code of ethics they will be bound to.
There are different codes for specific fields for instances Administrators in public health care setting
will follow the code of ethics established by the American Public Health Association
Sadly, healthcare administrators seem to always be facing situations that place them in some situations
that might not always have

Robespierre Research Paper
Ryan Lu/ Navraj Brar
Mr. Fernandez
World History/ Period 4
13 November 2015
Maximilien Robespierre
Maximilien Robespierre, born in Arras, France, on May 6, 1758, went through a tough time when his
mother dies only when he was six years old and his father left his family close after. Robespierre was
raised by his grandparents and was educated in Paris where he earned a law degree in 1781. He then
went to Arras, a city in France, and practiced law.
Robespierre was a follower of a devout social philosopher named Jean Jacques Rousseau. He like was
Rousseau was saying because he fell into the love with how Rousseau said that A man stands alone
only accompanied by his conscience . Maximilien started to gain his reputation and fame when he
began to represent the poor and minorities. Doing this Robespierre earned the nickname The
Incorruptible . Being in the Estates General of the French legislature, Robespierre at the age of 30,
presented himself and increased his reputation by ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the spring of 1789 Robespierre was elected as the leader of a radical political group called the
Jacobins. He did take part in the very important moments as in the signing of the Declaration of Rights
of Man and Citizen and the foundation of the French constitution. During the summer of 1789 the
people of Paris rose against King Louis XVI and Robespierre thought it was the perfect moment to
take control and successfully argued for the execution of King Louis XVI. Maximilien wasn t done
after the execution of King Louis, he needed more, so after he was elected in the Committee of Public
Safety he ordered for more executions. He did this with a vision of controlling the government as a
dictator. This is the time where the Robespierre that was all for the minorities and poor soon left and
the new power hungry and dictator came

Background Of Mission And Lead Up For Failure
Background of Mission and Lead up to Failure
NASA along with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) partnered up and rolled out to launch a
sequence of space mission to probe neighboring planets such as Mercury, Venus, and Mars. The
Mariner was considered as a robotic interplanetary probe to NASA and all space officials involved
with this project. The Mariner was developed around the time of President John F. Kennedy s
administration, which was in the 1960 s. The United States was in a big race with USSR in the 1960 s
and it was referred to many people in that time as the Space Race . During this time both countries
were racing to build the most elite, sophisticated, and technologically advanced spacecraft s on the
planet. The propose of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This spacecraft also had solar panels that recharged the fuel battery and to boost power flow. In the
early years of the space program, when the Mariner 1 was launch, this was very robust, sound, and an
advanced piece of machinery. The reason why NASA and JPL made this spacecraft sophisticated was
because a couple years before 1962 there were two missions that had a stated objective to conduct a
Venus flyby however both rockets failed. The cost of Mariner was $18.5 million dollars, but in today s
world it s roughly $135 million.
Reasons why the Mariner 1 failed launched became historic was partially due to a very avoidable
error, which NASA described as a, hyphen in the data editing . However, days leading up to launch
there was speculation that NASA officials were working under a very tight schedule with a launch
window of 45 days, and that gave little time under such pressure to launch another spacecraft to
Venus. Also, since this mission was extremely technological, there was much attention by newsgroups
and the public, this made the mission very high profile and added to the amount of tense pressure for
launch.
Causes of Failure There was not one concise reason that led to the failure of Mariner 1,

Golden Gate Bridge
The photograph of the Golden Gate Bridge by Joseph B. Strauss, is a unique piece of art from the pre
world war two era. The photograph depicts a gorgeous setting on a beautiful day in San Francisco,
California. The photograph displays a popular, fascinating bridge going across the San Francisco bay.
The picture also portrays a mountainous scenery in the background of the bridge. The photograph
features a lively contrast of colors, along with lines, and space. The only thing is, why isn t the bridge
gold?
Instead of the Golden Gate Bridge being gold, it features a distinct shade of red, along with other
objective colors. As seen in the photograph, shades of brown, green, and blue give the image a lively
contrast of cool and warm colors. The cinnamon colored mountains tones nicely with the distinct red
color of the bridge. As seen in the blue sky, there is a white tint depicted in the hue, showing the value
of the image while portraying a sunny day, due to the amount of light being reflected. The blue sky s
hue of desaturation color dominates less and less. The vivid color of the bridge melds best with the
scenery. The bridge stands out against the natural colors of the surrounds. Strauss photograph is very
balanced and is almost symmetrical in both the colors and the subject within the ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
The contour lines on the bridge give it an elegant look but also solidify it as a 3D object. There is use
of flowing rhythmical lines going across the bridge. Which start off big, and near the edge of the
photograph, and then gradually come together in a narrower way to show the length and distance of
the subjects within the picture. The cables are strung horizontally between the two massive towers on
each side of the bridge, with additional vertical cables attaching the main cable to the bridge s base
creating a

Case Study On Perfumes
Company s Culture
Organization culture is one of the most essential factor that decide the success or failure of a company.
Currently customers demands, and taste are continuously changing thus, a strong organizational
culture is needed to cope with those changes. EMPER perfumes culture can be divided into multiple
parts which are:
Attention to Detail EMPER perfumes can be considered a company that focuses a lot on details. That
is because of their non stop research to find new perfume designs and produce them at the highest
quality
Outcome or process Orientation process oriented culture can be found within the medium to high
levels of the organization due to them believing that teamwork is the best way to innovate. On the
other hand EMPER perfumes can also be a process oriented company, because low level staff have to
follow the rules that have been specified to them by the manager in charge thus they experience
limited flexibility.
People Orientation
EMPER perfumes values its employees regardless of their position in the company. What makes ...
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For this condition the company must look at two things which are: 1. The economic condition, so they
can see if advertising their cheaper or more expensive brand will lead to them gaining more profit. 2.
They should stay on the look for declining import tax, so they can enter the marker with the least
amount of expenses payed. One example is Tunisia, in 2009 they had an import tax of 100%. This
prevented EMPER perfumes from interring the marker until the government decreased its tax
considerably. As discussed in the economic conditions, the financial crisis had a tremendous impact on
the company. Even though its impact loomed over the citizens of UAE, the financial crises had an
impact on the whole world (financially). This makes the side effects caused by the financial crisis a
global condition as well as an economic

Walt Disney Struggles
If at first you don t succeed, try, try again! No entrepreneur becomes famous overnight. It takes years
of hard work. Struggles. Difficulties. Some give up; some persevere. But they aren t remembered for
their mistakes. Who remembers that Steve Jobs dropped out of college? Or how Oprah Winfrey lived
in poverty as a child? They encountered struggles. But did they give up? No! They persevered. And so
did Walter Elias Disney. Despite his struggles early on, Walt Disney worked hard and became a
famous entrepreneur who transformed the entertainment industry.
Discovering Disney s Talents
During his childhood, Disney worked hard at whatever he did. The boy had a true talent in drawing,
which he worked hard to develop from a young age. At the age ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Soon, Disney began to produce short animations for local businesses. The young man worked at
Kansas City Art Studio on the animation team. There he learned cut out animation and began to
experiment with different forms of animation at home (Walt Disney Biography). The aspiring
cartoonist discovered that celluloid animation, which is animation by hand drawn characters on
transparent paper, was much more efficient than the current animation being used. However, he was
unable to persuade his boss about its effectiveness, so Disney quit the job (Walt Disney Wikipedia).
Next, Walt Disney started his own company of cartoons, called Laugh O Grams . Focusing mostly on
short animations, Disney produced six short films within a short time of the company starting up. The
nineteen year old was startled by his success and kept on producing animations, combining fairy tales
with modern events. However, the company didn t make enough money by itself so the man found a
side job to earn more income. Soon Disney began working on Alice In Wonderland, which combined
live action with animation. The twelve minute film was released in 1923. Sadly, the money came too
late. Laugh O Grams went bankrupt, so the lad packed up and moved to Hollywood that same year.
There he partnered with his brother, Roy, and the Disney Brother s Studio was born on October 16,
1923. The creative brothers invented a new character, Oswald the Lucky Rabbit, and began producing
short films about the loveable character (Walt Disney Producer, Entrepreneur). In 1925, Disney
married the love of his life, Lillian Bounds, who also happened to be a newly hired employee at
Disney s studio. After starting up his own company and getting married, Disney continued to produce
short animations, and success was on its way, or so he hoped. Sadly, just a few years after the creation
of

Osteoarthritis Site Analysis
Analysis of osteoarthritis for each site was conducted in order to determine whether any of the joint
changes in the skeletal remains might indicate changes in physical activity levels before and after
colonization. To better ascertain the differences in the colonial eras, the prehistoric burials from
Corinth and Apollonia were separated from the colonial periods. Even though every site has
individuals of indeterminate sex only a comparison between those individuals for whom sex could be
reasonably estimated was done.
It is instructive to examine the occurrence of osteoarthritis on both the right and left sides of the body.
My initial assessment showed that there are no appreciable differences by side of any given joint;
therefore, only the left side is used for analysis (Table 4). Osteoarthritis of the vertebrae obviously
does not have a side, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthritis is simply counted as a single joint.
Examination of Table 4 indicates that there is a relatively high prevalence of osteoarthritis in three
particular joints; the hip, thoracic vertebrae, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As mentioned previously age was divided into three broad categories; Young (18 34), Middle age (35
49), and Older (50+) adults at each site (Figure 9). From an examination of Figure 9 we see that those
individuals with the higher prevalence of osteoarthritis occur in the Middle age category at Apollonia,
Epidamnus, Corinth, and Lofkënd. Individuals in the Older adult category were impacted more by
osteoarthritis in prehistoric Apollonia. Unexpectedly, prehistoric Corinth remains show an equal
frequency of osteoarthritis occurring in the Young and Middle age adult groups (Figure 9).
Unfortunately, prehistoric Corinth had a very small sample size and this sample may not accurately
represent the Corinthian pre colonial population. (See Appendix A, B, and C for detailed information
about each

Sacrifice In Crime And Punishment By Raskolnikov
Sacrifice is the act of giving up something that you want to keep especially in order to get or do
something else or to help someone. The novel Crime and Punishment expressed the hardships of the
characters to obtain money at the time. Everyone was poor and had to give up valuables in order to
receive grace on their rent payments from Alyona Ivanovna, the landlady. It was a constant struggle
for Rodion Romanovich Raskolnikov, who occupied the housing development of Alyona. Raskolnikov
had difficulty making ends meet and others complained about Alyona s unfair behaviors. He believed
in he would sacrifice his freedom and murder Alyona, it would save others whom have dealt with the
same poverty issues. The choice that Raskolnikov chose changed ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
and can I, can I possibly....No, it s nonsense, it s rubbish! he added resolutely. And how could such an
atrocious thing come into my head? What filthy things my heart is capable of. (P1, Ch1) Even his own
thoughts of the murder disgusted him. Raskolnikov can not even comprehend his urgency to kill yet
he continues to plot Alyona s death meticulously. Almost from the first, while he read the letter,
Raskolnikov s face was wet with tears; but when he finished it, his face was pale and distorted and a
bitter, wrathful and malignant smile was on his lips. (P1, Ch3) Although Raskolnikov has a hatred for
his small flat and how disgusting his living conditions are, he enjoys his bitter isolation. After he
receives a letter from his mother, Pulcheria Alexandrovna, and sister, Avdotya Romanovna (Dounia),
his anxiety levels rise. Raskolnikov has still not paid his rent to his new landlady, Praskovya Pavlovna,
and yet his family sends him prayers of good will. This idea of a religious merry message makes him
cringe for he knows he has sinned. His emotions are distorted and can not be changed, for the murder
has maliciously embalmed his very thoughts of what is right and

The Indian Film Industry Of India
1. History of Bollywood Bollywood is the Hindi Film Industry of the country and a part of the Indian
Film Industry. Bollywood is one of the largest film producers in India and one of the largest centers of
film production in the world. However, the first films India watched were not made in Bollywood. The
various stages of evolution of bollywood can be categorized as follows: Silent Era to Talkies (1930
1940): Dadasaheb Phalke, the father of Indian Cinema was a man with vision and courage. In the
silent era, he pioneered the revolution and released his path breaking film, Raja Harishchandra, based
on a mythological character on 21st April, 1913 in Olympia theatre. It was India s first full length
feature film based on the legend of King Harishchandra, and was released for the masses on May 3,
1913. India is a nation where more than 1,000 films are made in various languages every year. A
special narration must be given to the growth of cinema for those who wish to understand what
cinema in the country is all about. Further, technological advancements and excitement for movies
eventually gave birth to India s first talking film Alam Ara made by Ardeshir Irani. It was screened in
Bombay in 1931. Developments in the world of Indian cinema were rapid in 1930s and 1940s. This
era saw the rise of film personalities such as Debaki Bose, Chetan Anand, S S Vasan and Nitin Bose,
among others. Three big filming studios like Prabhat, Bombay Talkies and New Theaters were born in
the

Analysis Of The Okefenokee Swamp
The Okefenokee Swamp is a complex environment that is home to an abundance of wildlife as well as
an abundance of vegetation. Two passages provide information about the swamp, and although they
feature the same subject, both works articulate two directly contrasting viewpoints about the
ecosystem. Through the use of disparate tones, purposes, and styles of writing, the authors of both
excerpts establish two dissimilar perspectives of the swamp. For instance, a significant factor
contributing to the evident contrast between the two works is each passage s tone. The author of the
first passage uses a factual and informative tone, unlike the author of the second passage. Relying
mainly on logic and facts, the author of the first excerpt produces

Futurgical Transformation Of The Lioness Nala In The Lion...
In a move that many observers say underscores her commitment to the part, Beyoncé reportedly began
a painful surgical transformation Thursday in preparation for her role as the lioness Nala in the live
action remake of The Lion King. The remake will include a variety of famous people, Seth Rogen,
James Earl Jones, John Oliver and other people viewers will likely recognize. It will take many
intensive and frankly excruciating procedures before she gets to where she needs to be, but once the
radical alterations to her bones, musculature, and skin are completed, you won t even be able to tell
that the big cat you re looking at on screen is actually Beyoncé, said plastic surgeon Dr. Scott Olmedo,
adding that the process would begin with breaking

The Pros And Cons Of Lethal Autonomy
Lethal Autonomy is weaponized artificial intelligence. Regardless of the era, wars exist and the
weapons permeate the lives of humanity. Whether the conflicts are active or the ultimatums are
flaunted in the halls of great debate, wars are a current and future threat. Society is approaching a
waypoint by which humans will no longer fight against each other, but alongside and against machines
that possess volition. This issue has prompted the leading business owners and scientists to present a
ban against these killer robots to the United Nations in attempt to halt development of Lethal
Autonomy (LA). CEO of Tesla Motors and SpaceX, Elon Musk, warns that We do not have long to
act. Once this Pandora s box is opened, it will be hard to close. We, therefore, implore the High
Contracting Parties to find a way to protect us all from these dangers (Downs). Technology like LA is
unknown, this is the main fear concerning weaponized Artificial Intelligence (AI). ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
In reality, building something like the Terminator is not the goal of governments and tech companies
for LA. It is impossible to program a computer with all the possible outcomes in a scenario. The goal,
however, is to create a system of software that is independent of human decision making. Lethal
Autonomy works by weighing the cost of every decision and acting accordingly. Unlike human
intuition, Lethal Autonomy is intended to have multiple hosts streaming and updating new data from
its surroundings, with perfect information retrieval. With this technology, fleets of drones could be
operated by one artificial mind and be articulated with precision. Human exhaustion and PTSD will no
longer side effects from violent screen time, for the machine never tires or is affected by the horrors of
wars. The underlying fear is that with this rapidly accelerating and seemingly omnipresent knowledge
the machine could usurp human

Furtebrate Stress Response
Stress can be broadly defined as any stimulus that disrupts homeostasis, with the stress response
referring to physiological and behavioral reactions to such a stimulus (Selye, 1950).In vertebrates the
stress response is an evolutionary conservative process mediated by the HPA axis that allows
organisms to respond rapidly to unpredictable changes in their environment. It is initiated when higher
brain centers perceive endogenous or exogenous noxious stimuli that threaten homeostasis and
culminates in the release of glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex. Elevated levels of circulating
glucocorticoids exert a variety of catabolic, antireproductive, anti growth, and immunosuppressive
effects that mobilize and repartition under detailed organisms ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Researchers tend to focus more intensely on perturbations resulting from aversive events. (Novak et al
2013). A stress response can be describe physiologically as a result of discovery of metabolic,
immunological and neuroendocrine mechanisms. Several hormones including ACTH, glucorticoid,
catecholamines, and prolactin are involved in a stress response. Adrenal glands are essential to
hormonal stress responses because they are involved both hypothalamic pituitary adrenocortical axis
and the symphatho adreno medullary system. The most salient physiological responses to stress
include activation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) as well as the hypothalamic pituitary
adrenal (HPA) axis. Accu rate measurement of the catecholamines (i.e., epinephrine and
norepinephrine) released as a result of SNS activation is dif ficult because these substances are only
available for transient periods of time (Reeder and Kramer, 2005). Thus, evaluation of the HPA axis,
most commonly by measurement of its end prod uct glucocorticoids, has traditionally been the
primary means to make inferences about the stress response in animals. (Otovic Hutchinson

The Spartan II Project By Dr. Catherine Halsey
It all started with ORION Project without it The Spartan II project never would have been born, it was
the idea that a small special forces teams would be better than a large army they were to costly the
damage was becoming too great. This new idea was cheeps saved the lives of solders and was better at
getting the job done. But combating with the insurgents was becoming too much for the UNSC to
manage. As the enemy grow in numbers and strength they became more effective and more forceful,
the need for large scale military campaigns became increasingly encouraged. Soon after this
realization in the later months of 2517 The Spartan II project was conceived by Dr. Catherine Halsey
who happened to be successor to the ORION Project and was the best possible solution to end the
widespread raged that flooded throughout UNSC space. The project was created these goals in mind.
First was to create a group of elite soldiers meant to subdue any obstacle in their way, with little to no
military casualties, second goal was to minimize civilian casualties and to prevent a civil war from
ever happening and thirdly goal was minimizing the general cost of war. Halsey s proposal for the
project was farfetched at best it detailed radical changes and would test the boundaries of people s
ethical beliefs and moral code. The first and most controversial was the subjects themselves, they were
picked from a gene candidate pool of boys all at the age of six years old. This narrowed the

Kim Jong-Un Research Paper
Evil enters like a needle and spreads like an oak tree , such a broad statement with a very powerful
meaning. This quote is showing that evil comes in small and possibly not even seen or expected. If
allowed it will spread like a wildfire and destroying anything in its path making it impossible to put it
out and to many people and issues feed into it. The origin of Evil enters like a needle and spreads like
an oak tree comes from Ethiopia and it was based on the fall of their economy. In 1916 Ethiopia s
leader was ripped from power and the refugees demanded that all religion was stopped, economic
issues grew over 85%, and the whole atmosphere was shifted that day. Upcoming this very powerful
quote leading many uprisings of random acts ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Back then it was a very strong ordeal, race came in like a virus and spread like one to. This is shown
when, But by the time of Bacon s rebellion in the mid 1670s an insurrection involving white and black
servants against wealthy virginia planters the status of Africans began to change. Racial issues in
America became so common and overpowering it was overlooked by whites and swept under the rug
for blacks. The hate here it wasn t the way it entered but the way it was spread and once it begun it
couldn t really be stopped. Sometimes when people point out an issue, no matter what power the
obtain, they are still questioned and shot down at any point given. This is shown in, And it was
curious, and hurtful, that Obama responded at times to the criticism by scolding black folk in public
for making excuses he said were holding them back. When the president of the time spoke out on the
racial issue he came across like he was giving sympathy to black men and woman for not making
anything of themselves but to others he came across like he was shooting african americans down for
not standing up. No matter the way he might have wanted it to come across, the issue still continued
and in some areas it increased. When the Civil War was taken place race was in the middle of their
battle. That surfaces in, A growing group of Americans spoke out against inequality and injustice
during

Tiffany and Company
I. Introduction
The Tiffany Company is introducing a new product line by the name of Tiffany s Essentials. The line
will offer authentic luxury designer handbags along the lines of Gucci, Chloe, Dior, Fendi, Prada and
many more. As concept of luxury changes, marketers of high end products are wrestling with the
challenges of maintaining exclusivity while obtaining higher sales. Having a well known name as
Tiffany and Company we have no limitations to create luxury pieces for the luxury lifestyles. The
following paper will emphasize our product, our target market and our marketing objectives as to how
we will market our handbag using a vital marketing mix. It will also provide our major competition in
both the diamond industry as well ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
stores located internationally around the world. You are unable to buy Tiffany s items at any other
stores, such as department stores or discount stores. The others involved in the distribution chain
include: wholesalers, brokers, dealers, and retailers. This also becomes easy to resolve because of the
fact that Tiffany Co. is responsible for designing, manufacturing, and selling all of their own products.
D. Price Strategy
Based on the research done on Tiffany Co. items, it has been concluded that by looking at other
possible competitors, the size of the bag, and carat weight of the diamonds on the bags, our line of
handbags will range from $10,000.00 to $30,000.00. Tiffany s is known for their high class items
which makes many consumers willing and able to spend the money on expensive items, making this
items affordable to many of Tiffany s loyal customers.
E. What are the distinctive features and competitive advantage(s) of this brand?
The fine jewelry market is highly competitive, but even more so among upscale luxury brands. The
top tier rivalries of Tiffany and Company are: Hermès, Bulgari, Cartier, Richemont, and LVMH. Other
competitors include: Asprey, Bulova, Chanel, Fortunoff, Gucci, H. Stern, Movado Group, Rolex, Van
Cleef Arpels, and Yves Saint Laurent Group ( Tiffany Co. ). A critical way to compete for customers
within the industry greatly depends on the quality of merchandise, presentation and

The Importance Of The First Amendment In The United States...
The United States Constitution was written in 1787 in Philadelphia to establish the national
government and guaranteed certain basic rights for citizens (History.com). Over the years, we added
new amendments but never considered changing the current amendments. Now is the time to look at
changing some of them to make it safer for us as citizens and to make our country a better place.
People have looked over the amendments and want some change. This paper will give you the people
a good look on why and how we could make the amendment better. My first amendment I want to
consider changing is the 2nd amendment the right to bear arms. This amendment was created to allow
anybody have and carry guns. I believe it should be changed because of all the gun problems we have
had including 9/11, and different other terrorist attacks. My reasoning on why this needs to happen is
simple, public terror is not protected under the Constitution (Feinblatt). Some lawmakers have
considered that open carry is threating public safety. Now because it is legal in some states, open carry
activists take full advantage of the loophole in the 2nd amendment, which typically operates past the
limits of the law (Feinblatt). Until we close the open carry loophole in our laws the armed intimidation
will continue to serve as a strategy for more activists in our cities and towns (Feinblatt). All the
problems that the U.S has explained why some states sensibly and constitutionally reject the open
carry

Russian Duels In A Hero Of Our Time And Eugene Onegin
Narrative Russian writers seem to enjoy inserting a duel in their literature. There s Pierre s duel with
Dolohov in Tolstoy s War and Peace; there s Onegin s duel with Lensky in Pushkin s Eugene Onegin;
there s Pechorin s duel with Grushnitsky in Lermontov s A Hero of Our Time, and Bazarov duel with
Pavel in Turgenev s Fathers and Sons. In this paper, however, making comparisons between the duels
from A Hero of Our Time and Eugene Onegin will be the primary focus. When it comes to deciding if
dueling was a noble form of conflict resolution, both writers seem to indirectly portray to the reader
that duels are unimpressive and ineffective. Both writers emphasize on the challenges that could
happen before, during, and after a Russian duel. If the writers wanted to portray to the readers that
duels were honorable, then they would have not displayed the challenges that each character faced
while they participated in the duel. A similarity between the two duels of A Hero of Our Time and
Eugene Onegin is who ultimately ends up being killed. Both Lermontov and Onegin kill a character
that was foolish, and who, perhaps, should not have died. In A Hero of Our Time, Grushnitsky
foolishly challenges Pechorin after mistakenly assuming that Pechorin snuck into Princess Mary s
residence to see her when she was home alone. However, Pechorin had actually snuck into the
residence to see Vera, but Grushnitsky, blinded by jealousy, does not realize the truth. During the duel,
Pechorin gains

New York Knicks Research Paper
Time is beginning to run out on the New York Knicks playoff hopes after dropping another close game
in Philadelphia.
In a too familiar position this season the New York Knicks found themselves in another close game
with their division rivals. The Philadelphia 76ers executed down the stretch to once again pull out a
clutch victory against the Knickerbockers 105 102 overcoming a double digit deficit.
Carmelo Anthony s game winning shot magic last weekend didn t carry over to Philadelphia last night
as he couldn t convert. The frustrating loss added more controversy to the team locker room as
Anthony spoke to reporters subliminally criticizing head coach Jeff Hornacek s lack of adjustments
during games.
We play the same way throughout the course of the game, And ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
That s why we lost, I put this game on myself. I just missed a layup.
https://twitter.com/nyknicks/status/837874485009268736
The loss was critical in the Knicks quest for a playoff spot as it dropped their record to 25 37 and 4.5
games behind the Detroit Pistons for the final spot in the Eastern Conference. On the other side of the
spectrum, New York is in even better position to earn a top ten pick in this summer s NBA draft.
Anthony however in a quote to the New York Daily News is not a fan of the tanking theory fans and
media have been throwing at the team lately.
I don t believe in tanking, As a player you always disagree with that. Because we re the ones who are
out there and playing and trying to win basketball games. It s easier from the outside looking in from a
fan s perspective to say, okay, just tank or just lose games. I don t know how you do that as a player, I
don t know how you go into a game saying, Today we re going to try to lose this game or these next
15 games we re going to figure out ways to lose and tank the season and try to start thinking about
draft picks. That s a terrible way to think and I don t think no player in sports should think

Analysis Of The Competing Forms For Bsnl
COMPETITOR ANALYSIS
An analysis of the competing forms for BSNL is essential to learn more about the industry
performance, and only after learning about the industry will we be able to gauge whether the problems
faced by BSNL can be internally managed or are market pervasive.
We ll be looking at its 5 major players here: MTNL, Tata Communications, Bharti Airtel, Idea
Cellular, Reliance Communication.
We start by looking at the truncated P Ls of BSNL s Industry Peers to get an idea how they have been
maintaining their structures in absolute terms.
P L COMPARISON
M T N L
Tata Comm
Bharti Airtel
Idea Cellular
Rel. Comm.
Sales Turnover
3,391.74
4,376.40
49,918.50
26,110.40
12,409.00
Other Income
12,016.60
680.17
853.4
293.03
1,910.00
Total Income
15,408.30
5,056.57
50,771.90
26,403.40
14,319.00
Other Manufacturing Expenses
655.02
2,043.76

16,137.40
13,306.70
6,798.00
Employee Cost
2,892.99
640.81
1,648.10
1,161.01
286
Selling and Administration Expenses
229.11
475.42
10,448.30
1,901.10
1,057.00
Profit before Interest, Depreciation Tax
10,878.60
1,543.22
16,945.10
7,557.53
3,086.00
Interest Financial Charges
1,390.57
59.51
1,336.40
859
1,796.00
Profit before Depreciation Tax
9,488.05
1,483.71
15,608.70
6,698.53
1,290.00
Depreciation
1,165.74
680.23
7,231.30
4,093.24
2,048.00
Profit Before Tax
8,322.31
803.48
8,377.40
2,605.29
758
Tax
497.18
261.05
1,777.20
915.98

1,488.00
Profit After Tax
7,825.13
542.43
6,600.20
1,689.31
730
As we have mentioned in the teaching

Sippican Case Study Scm
1. Given some of the problems with Sippican s cost system, should executives abandon overhead
assignment to product entirely and adopt a contribution margin approach? Why or why not? The
overhead spending is greater than the direct labour costs or the direct material costs for all three
product lines Valves, Pumps and Flow Controllers (Exhibit 2). Overheads are simply charged at 185%
constant for three diverse products. The fact that there is huge variance in the number of units
produced per production run it is 375 for valves and 18 for flow controllers per production run. This
shows the reason for high overheads cost too. Hence it calls for checking the cost allocation system of
the company.
Since Sippican produces three ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
b) Overheads were first segregated into certain categories like Direct Indirect etc. The reason for this
were different costs and different activity on which they are based. Then the time taken for each
activity was computed and the costs were allocated based on that.
c) The method showed that the pricing that was being used for the three products were not correct.
The price at which the pumps were being sold was low were high whereas flow controllers were low.
Because of which the most profitable product was coming out to be flow controllers whereas it was
actually the least profitable.
4. Based on the revised costs and profitability estimates, what action should Sippican s management
team take to improve company s profitability?
Ans: a) Increase number of units per production run for flow controllers
Setup for the machine is done for one batch of items. If we look at the the batch size of valves, it will
be 375 units(=7500 units/ 20 production runs)

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