about copd

2. DEFINITION (GOLD 2023) :
• Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous lung condition characterized by chronic respiratory
symptoms (dyspnea, cough, sputum production, exacerbations) due to abnormalities of the airways (bronchitis, bronchiolitis)
and/or alveoli (emphysema) that cause persistent, often progressive, airflow obstruction.
• COPD is a major cause of illness, with an estimated 300 million cases worldwide, and is the 3rd leading cause of death globally.
• COPD is the second most common cause of NCD-related deaths in India, with the age-specific prevalence of COPD increasing
rapidly after the age of 30 years. It was noted that the prevalence of COPD among individuals between 5 and 29 years ranged
from 0.1%–0.9%, which increased to 1.6%–28.3% among the population aged 30 years or more
• The rate of DALYs per case due to COPD was 1.7 times higher than the global average in India.
• The leading preventable cause of COPD is cigarette smoking.
• Occupational exposures are important causes of COPD, contributing to an estimated 14% of all cases and 31% of cases among
never smokers (Blanc 2019).

3. HISTORY
• In 1679, Swiss physician Theophile Bonet referred to “voluminous lungs,”
• in 1769, Italian anatomist Giovanni Morgagni reported 19 cases of “turgid” lungs.
• In 1821, physician Rene Laennec recognized emphysema as another component of C.O.P.D as smoking wasn’t common during
the early 1800s, he identified air pollution and genetic factors as the principal causes of the development of C.O.P.D.
• In 1846, John Hutchinson invented the spirometer, which measures vital lung capacity and is still an essential tool in diagnosing
C.O.P.D. today.
• The first person thought to use the term “chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder” was Dr. William Briscoe at the 9th Aspen
Emphysema Conference in June 1965.

4. • World C.O.P.D. Day is observed every year on the third Wednesday of November. This year, it’s on November 16.
• The first World COPD Day was held in 2002.
• GOLD organizes World COPD day every year. The World COPD Day Theme is decided by the GOLD every year and each year
the Theme is changed making this concept an agent of awareness and action plans for COPD.
World COPD Day 2022 Theme
• World COPD Day 2022 Theme set by the GOLD (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease) is “Your Lungs for
Life''. The theme for this year is to emphasise the importance of maintaining good lung health throughout one’s life.

5. World COPD Day 2022 Significance
• This year the Theme highlights lifelong Lung health.
• Awareness programs will be conducted to help millions of people to get treatment facilities for COPD.
• On World COPD Day 2022 Online breath test tools will be promoted so that those who are having COPD symptoms can easily
get an Online breath test.
• Everyone should contribute to COPD Awareness programs, Campaigns so that they can be done on a large scale.
• Using COPD hashtags on tweeters and Facebook will create awareness about COPD globally Online.
• World Copd Day 2019 Theme - All together to end COPD
• World Copd Day 2020 Theme - Living Well with COPD - Everybody, Everywhere
• World Copd Day 2021 Theme - Healthy Lungs – Never More Important

28. MANAGEMENT OF EXACERBATIONS :
• An exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (ECOPD) is defined as an event characterized by increased dyspnea and/or cough
and sputum that worsens in < 14 days which may be accompanied by tachypnea and/or tachycardia and is often associated with increased
local and systemic inflammation caused by infection, pollution, or other insult to the airways. (GOLD 2023)

35. THANK YOU