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Works of Alvar Aalto
The document summarizes key works by architect Alvar Aalto including the Workers Club from 1924, Paimio Sanatorium from 1929-1933, and Villa Mairea from 1939. For the Workers Club, it describes the classical features and symmetrical design. For Paimio Sanatorium, it outlines the functionalist style, use of concrete and brick, and focus on natural light and patient wellbeing. For Villa Mairea, it discusses the modernist influences from Frank Lloyd Wright, gridded floor plans, and use of natural materials to evoke the Finnish forest.
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Works of Alvar Aalto
- 1. P R ES E N T E D B Y : V A R S H A M A L L Y A , 2 9 D A M I N I B H A R D W A J , 3 0 WORKS OF ALVAR AALTO
- 2. WORKERS CLUB (1924) ARCHITECTURALSYLE: Nordic Classical FEATURES: • Discontinuous glazing on all four sides at entrance level. • This building houses a restaurant and a coffee bar which supports the auditorium above. • He employs various classical devices: 1. Circular atrium 2. Doric columns 3. Palladian window 4. Cartouches to decorate the stuccoes wall http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/Workers_Club.html
- 3. B. C. A. A. B. C. GROUND FLOOR PLAN FIRSTFLOOR PLANhttp://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/Workers_Club.html http://alvaraaltosarchitecture.blogspot.in/2011/12/jyvaskylas-worker-club-2.html
- 4. SECOND FLOOR PLAN D. D. SECTIONAA’ http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/Workers_Club.html http://alvaraaltosarchitecture.blogspot.in/2011/12/jyvaskylas-worker-club-2.html
- 5. • Implied Symmetryon the longer elevation but its symmetrical on the shorter sides. • The elements of the building are either squares or multiple of squares. • The Palladian window is symmetrically placed relative to the auditorium. • Vernacular timber detailing for the stairs http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/Workers_Club.html
- 6. PAIMIO SANATORIUM (1929-33) ARCHITECTURALSYLE: Functionalism FEATURES: • Uses RCC frame with infill being an insulating brick cavity wall which is then rendered an painted white. http://jbdowse.com/eur/pix/paimio-2/7739.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Paimio_Sanatorium_entrance.jpg http://jbdowse.com/eur/pix/paimio-2/7737.jpg • Sun trapped balconies are cantilevered from the tapering RCC frame. • Free form cantilevered canopy. • Exposed lift shaft on the external wall.
- 7. • Orientation: southof the balconies and the roof top sundeck was determined by the dedication to the supposed “healing “ powers of the sun. • West: doctors houses; North : staff flats. • Plan was meant to be functionally zoned and biodynamical aligned to the compass so that the direction of each wing was defined according to its requirements for sunshine and view. http://space72.blogspot.in/2012/08/paimio-sanatorium.html SITE PLAN GROUND FLOOR PLAN
- 8. • It hada lot of natural light due to double-height windows, the sun blinds outside prevented glare. • Dining room was an enclosed mezzanine suspended from steel hangers form above. A continuous sundeck that runs over the patient wing is protected with RCC canopy to reduce solar gain. • Main staircase has natural light which is further enhanced by the yellow color of the stairs. http://www.checkonsite.com/wp-content/gallery/paimio-sanatorium/paimio-balcony.gif http://image.architonic.com/imgTre/01_11/Paimio2-bearbeitet.jpg http://elenakyla.files.wordpress.com/2012/04/011-paimio-sanatorium4.jpg http://larryspeck.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/83-3672.jpg
- 9. • Door handlesdesigned to prevent coat sleeves from being caught in them. http://image.architonic.com/imgTre/01_11/Paimio3-bearbeitet.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6a/Alvar_Aalto%2C_Paimio_Sanatorium%2C_Bedroom_lamp.jpg/800px- Alvar_Aalto%2C_Paimio_Sanatorium%2C_Bedroom_lamp.jpg https://s-media-cache-ec0.pinimg.com/736x/56/85/7a/56857a025c369e7104956981fcbfa21b.jpg http://image.architonic.com/imgTre/01_11/Paimio2-bearbeitet.jpg • Each patient had their own wall mounted cupboard and basin. • Designed lamps that were placed out of the patients line of vision.
- 10. VILLA MAIREA(1924) ARCHITECTURAL SYLE:Modernism FEATURES: EXTERIOR • The courtyard of the villa was inspired by the organization of vernacular farmstead. • The massing was inspired by the falling waters by Frank Lloyd Wright. http://ad009cdnb.archdaily.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/1288246719-2.gif http://www.meganreilly.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/SketchBook_Falling-Waters-Elevation.jpg http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-z72GMmO_WzE/T2P6t6tXbnI/AAAAAAAAAlY/viUBOS6LmlM/s1600/plans.jpg
- 11. http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-z72GMmO_WzE/T2P6t6tXbnI/AAAAAAAAAlY/viUBOS6LmlM/s1600/plans.jpg http://blog.boessel.com/photos/gallery/wordpress/2010/02/Screen-shot-2010-02-08-at-1.05.50-PM.png Ground floor planFirst floor plan • The interiors follow the grid of 2850 x 2850 m • A – Dining room • B – Sauna • C – Living room • D- Library • E - Studio • F - Staff • G - Kitchen • H- Restroom • I – children play area • J – Guest wing • K – Children’s room • L - Master bedroom C C HC I K K H K L B F G C C E H D
- 12. • Teak cladliving room projects forward to create shallow balconies that lead on to the principle bedroom above. • Bedroom windows project out at an angle to address the line of approach to the house through the forest. • The main entrance to the – the door is approached under a two level canopy supported by compound timber column and screened by miniature forest of poles. http://ad009cdnb.archdaily.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/1288246719-2.gif http://www.meganreilly.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/SketchBook_Falling-Waters-Elevation.jpg http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-z72GMmO_WzE/T2P6t6tXbnI/AAAAAAAAAlY/viUBOS6LmlM/s1600/plans.jpg
- 13. Main staircase inspiredby Japanese bamboo screens. Sculpturally elaborate fireplace forms a strong visual and symbolic focus. Rattan – wrapped columns continue to evoke the Finnish forest. http://ad009cdnb.archdaily.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/1288246719-2.gif http://www.meganreilly.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/SketchBook_Falling-Waters-Elevation.jpg http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-z72GMmO_WzE/T2P6t6tXbnI/AAAAAAAAAlY/viUBOS6LmlM/s1600/plans.jpg
- 14. Screening by verticalpoles help to differentiate the interlinked spaces. http://ad009cdnb.archdaily.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/1288244433-villamairea02.jpg http://ad009cdnb.archdaily.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/1288246150-untitled-2-446x500.jpg http://www.archdaily.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/1288246509-untitled-4.jpg To enter this inner sanctum, columns are made to resemble tree trunks are located at certain points to create the impression similar to that of emerging through the fringes of a forest clearing.
- 15. REFERENCES 1) Richard Weston,Alvar Aalto, 1995, Phaidon Press Limited 2)Alvar Aalto, 1978, Architectural Monographs & Academy Editions
Editor's Notes
- #3 Entering the building through the big and heavy iron doors the visitor first enter a lobby with a cloak room. Two staircases lead upstairs where a concert hall can be found that easily accomodates up to 400 people. The interiour shows a lot of Aalto typical elements but has also a slide oriental touch
- #7 free form canopy aalto’s lung
- #9 the buildings were grouped in a Neo-Classical manner with sun balconies representing a more modern architectural approach. Lying in the sun on a balcony was part of the treatment for tuberculosis so that balconies like these were an essential part of sanatorium architecture.
- #10 The lamps were placed close to the wall above the bed so as to not shine directly into the patients eyes.The chair's framework consists of two closed loops of laminated wood, forming arms, legs, and floor runners, between which rides the seat—a thin sheet of plywood tightly bent at both top and bottom into sinuous scrolls, giving it greater resiliency. Inspired by Marcel Breuer's tubular-steel Wassily Chair of 1927—28, Aalto chose, instead, native birch for its natural feel and insulating properties, and developed a more organic form.. Used in the patients' lounge, the angle of the back of this armchair was intended to help sitters breathe more easily.For instance, particular attention was paid to the design of the patient bedrooms: these generally held two patients, each with his or her own cupboard and washbasin. Aalto designed special non-splash basins, so that the patient would not disturb the other while washing. The patients spent many hours lying down, and thus Aalto placed the lamps in the room out of the patients line of vision and painted the ceiling a relaxing dark green so as to avoid glare. Each patient had their own specially designed cupboard, fixed to the wall and off the floor so as to aid in cleaning beneath it.
- #11 http://rebekaharaullostudio3.blogspot.in/2012_03_01_archive.htmlhttp://blog.boessel.com/2010/02/08/alvar-aalto-villa-mairea/screen-shot-2010-02-08-at-1-05-35-pm/http://jbdowse.com/eur/paimio-2http://repandspace.blogspot.in/2010/12/plan-and-elevation-orthogonal-drawings.html
- #12 To enter this inner sanctum, formal devices such as columns and railings made to resemble tree trunks are located at certain points to create the impression similar to that of emerging through the fringes of a forest clearing.
- #14 To enter this inner sanctum, formal devices such as columns and railings made to resemble tree trunks are located at certain points to create the impression similar to that of emerging through the fringes of a forest clearing.