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Work and the Australian 
Economy 
Year 9 - Humanities
From last lesson 
 What is opportunity cost? 
 The cost of undertaking one economic activity instead of its best alternative.
Learning Intentions 
 All students will be able to describe the different roles of the key participants 
of the Australian economy – consumers, workers (employees), producers/ 
businesses and governments. 
 Most students will understand the types of economic decisions that are made 
by governments, businesses, employees and individuals, and how these 
decisions impact upon the workings of the Australian economy and the other 
participants within it. 
 Some students will be able to describe, analyse and evaluate key initiatives of 
the current Australian budget and predict possible outcomes/ consequences 
of these outcomes for the participants in the Australian economy.
Key Terms 
 employees, businesses, consumers and the government
Workers (Employees) in the Australian 
Economy 
 There are a number of participants in the Australian economy. All of these 
participants – workers (employees), businesses, consumers and the 
government – have a role to play and can influence the way the economy 
operates.
Participants in the Australian economy 
 Worker (employee): A person who works for themselves or a business to 
produce a product or service 
 Consumer: A customer or shopper who purchases goods or services
Industry sectors 
 Workers can work in the following sectors 
 Primary Sectors 
 Secondary Sectors 
 Tertiary Sectors
Primary Sectors 
 These industries produce raw materials like wheat, wool and meat and make 
use of natural resources such as minerals and forests.
Secondary Sectors 
 This is the manufacturing industry, where basic materials are turned into sale-able 
products, such as the production of clothing from cotton or wool or the 
manufacture of electronics or machines.
Tertiary Sectors 
 This industry is concerned with the framework and foundations of business 
and the provision of services. It includes such things as banking and transport 
as well as the direct marketing or selling of products.

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Work and the australian economy

  • 1. Work and the Australian Economy Year 9 - Humanities
  • 2. From last lesson  What is opportunity cost?  The cost of undertaking one economic activity instead of its best alternative.
  • 3. Learning Intentions  All students will be able to describe the different roles of the key participants of the Australian economy – consumers, workers (employees), producers/ businesses and governments.  Most students will understand the types of economic decisions that are made by governments, businesses, employees and individuals, and how these decisions impact upon the workings of the Australian economy and the other participants within it.  Some students will be able to describe, analyse and evaluate key initiatives of the current Australian budget and predict possible outcomes/ consequences of these outcomes for the participants in the Australian economy.
  • 4. Key Terms  employees, businesses, consumers and the government
  • 5. Workers (Employees) in the Australian Economy  There are a number of participants in the Australian economy. All of these participants – workers (employees), businesses, consumers and the government – have a role to play and can influence the way the economy operates.
  • 6. Participants in the Australian economy  Worker (employee): A person who works for themselves or a business to produce a product or service  Consumer: A customer or shopper who purchases goods or services
  • 7. Industry sectors  Workers can work in the following sectors  Primary Sectors  Secondary Sectors  Tertiary Sectors
  • 8. Primary Sectors  These industries produce raw materials like wheat, wool and meat and make use of natural resources such as minerals and forests.
  • 9. Secondary Sectors  This is the manufacturing industry, where basic materials are turned into sale-able products, such as the production of clothing from cotton or wool or the manufacture of electronics or machines.
  • 10. Tertiary Sectors  This industry is concerned with the framework and foundations of business and the provision of services. It includes such things as banking and transport as well as the direct marketing or selling of products.