The document lists short phrases of 1-5 words that are identified as being important for organizational excellence. The most important 4 words are "What do you think?" to encourage feedback. Other important phrases include "How can I help?" to remove hurdles, "Thank you!" to show appreciation, and "I'm sorry" to demonstrate the power of apologies. Trying new things is also emphasized through phrases like "Try it!" and "Try it again!" to celebrate learning from failures.