1. Dr. Vibhuti Patel, Professor and Head,
University Department of Economics
SNDT Women’s University
Churchgate, Mumbai-400020
Phone-91-022-26770227 Mobile-9321040048
1
Women Related Issues in Gender Budgeting for
Urban Local Self Government Bodies

2.  The 73rd
and 74th amendments in the Indian
constitution in 1994. PRI Legislation
 1 million WERs in Panchayati Raj Institutions
 The 9th
5 Years Plan(1997-2002)-WCP to ensure that
not less than 30% of development sectors funds and
benefits flow to women.
 Goals-Good Governance, transparency, efficiency,
social audit and accountability
 GR to 34 ministries to submit gender audit of
allocation and actual expenditure on women.
2

3.  The Accounts Superintendent tables
statement for income and expenditure in
December. Also gives estimates of income
and expenditure for the financial year end.
 Response from Municipal commissioner,
president of Municipality, and standing
committee.
 Portion for committed fund can’t be changed
by councilors at the time of final approval
 Revision of property tax once in 4 years.
3

4.  State & Central government’s Allocation
State and Centrally sponsored schemes
 Revenues obtained thro’ local taxes-water,
electricity, road, etc.
 Funds obtained from the Finance Commissions
4

5.  How to enable women to direct economy through
designing and constructing fiscal policy?
 How to link economic governance to political
governance ?
 How to enable EWRs to participate in the budget-
making efforts ?
 Method-Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) and
Focus Group discussion (FGD)
5

6.  Trends of allocation to social sector in
the pre (before 1991) and post(after
1991) SAP phase
 Income and expenditure of
municipalities in Orissa-Profile of PDS
and public health
 Preparation of checklist according to
priorities set by the PRIs
 IDEAL BUDGET
6

7.  Discussion on Needs of GP identified by
EWRs with GOs and NGOs, SHGs
1. Socio-economic Profile of the
Municipal Corporation/council/ward
2. Scrutiny of needs-perceived problems
3. Methods to fulfill needs( Labour, land,
services)+financial aspects
4. Suitable budgetary allocations-
revenues from local sources
7

8.  Verify/cross check collected data and
results of the surveys/interactive
workshops-Vision document
 Sub-committees to work out details of
different budget heads
 Presentation of reports thro’ ERWs to
TP, ZP and municipal authorities
 Lobbying for reprioritization of
allocation to reflect the EWRs.
8

9. 9
Urban Areas
Non-payments of Electricity Bill , property tax
Violation of corporation rules
Garbage disposal, occupational Health
Housing
Hospital
Educational institutions
Public toilets, drainage
Transport facilities

10.  Self Help Groups
 Administrators
 Political parties
 Corporators /councilors
 NGOs
 Women in the communities
To seek allocation under appropriate budget
heads to identify streams of revenue
Available revenue and the required
expenditure
10

11. Increase in tax revenues
 for road use by vehicle owners
 alcohol consumption
 Tobacco consumption
Introduce Green Taxes
Surcharge, earmarked charge for specific purpose-
Education Cess-2 %, income tax for disaster
management, in Maharashtra transport cess at the
time of Bangladesh was in 1971, later on diverted
to EGS kitty
11

12.  How to bridge the gap between notional
allocation and actual allocation?
 Accounting, auditing and record keeping of
gender disaggregated data & allocation
 How to achieve physical and performance/
achievement targets
 Implementation of maternity benefits, TCP,SCP
 Major departments claiming indivisibilities of
allocation of resources
 Safety of women and children
 Notional allocation projected as real allocation
 Absence of uniform guidelines & procedures
12

13.  Special programmes targeting women
 Differential impact of expenditures across all sector
and services-gender disaggregated impact on
literacy, school drop outs, mortality, morbidity,
starvation deaths, nutrition, illnesses
 Review of equal opportunities, policies and
opportunities in the public sector-jobs, school
education, wages, health care, skills, technical
training, computer education,
 one stop crisis centre for survivors of violence
 Gender sensitisation of ‘law and order’ machinery
and governance structures: police, judges,
administrators, corporators, political workers
13

14.  Targeted 100% to women (DWCD)
 Pro women schemes(30 % reserved for women-All anti-
poverty programmes)
 Gender Neutral Schemes meant for community as a
whole(Employment generation programmes)
 Residual schemes
34 central ministries to ensure fund flow to women specific
and women related schemes
14

15.  Shelter homes, short stay homes
 Rehabilitation schemes for women
survivors of violence
 Pensions for widows and destitute
women
Directly benefiting women,
Crisis management of situations arising
out of
economic and socio-cultural
subordination and dehumanisation of
women
15

16.  Education
 Health
 Crèche
 Working women’s hostels
 Housing
 Nutrition
 Water supply
 Sanitation-toilets, drainage
 Fuel
 Fodder
16

17.  SHGs-credit, loans to self employed women
 Training programmes
 Physical infrastructure-transport, energy
 Marketing
 Safety of women in informal sector-steps
against harassment
17

18.  State Commission for Women
 Women’s cell at the police stations
 Awareness generation programmes
 Public education on legal safeguards
18

19.  State governments must devolve substantive powers,
funds, functions, functionaries upon PRIs.
 Activities, tasks & responsibilities of GP,TP and ZP-
Direct funding from the union Govt. to ZP
 Simplifications of programme guidelines by central
ministries and departments
 Centrally sponsored Schemes must be recast to
empower PRIs.
 PRIs must get untied funds to formulate plans
according to their needs and priorities.
 CMP promise-at least 100 days of employment at
minimum wages
 Measures to make our urban areas safe for women
and girls-One stop crisis centre for women survivors
of violence
19

20. Thank
you
20