Downloaded 39 times
Uploaded byEDUCARE LET'S LEARN TOGETHER
WOMEN & CASTE REFORMS IN INDIA
This document summarizes social reform efforts in India. It discusses practices like sati and child marriage that reformers sought to abolish. Key reformers mentioned include Raja Ram Mohan Roy, Ishwarchandra Vidyasagar, and Pandita Ramabai. It also discusses the Hindu caste system and efforts to promote women's education and rights, as well as movements led by figures like Jyotirao Phule, B. R. Ambedkar, and E. V. Ramaswamy Naicker that fought against caste discrimination and untouchability. Overall, the document outlines many social issues in India that reformers addressed from the 19th century through independence.
More Related Content
Similar to WOMEN & CASTE REFORMS IN INDIA
WOMEN & CASTE REFORMS IN INDIA
- 2. Let’s understand Social practices Reformers Hinduvarna system Educating women Social reform Demands for equality and justice
- 3. Reformers People who criticizedsocial practices and worked for upliftment of the country .
- 4. Social practices -india Sati Child marriage Untouchability Let’s take a look at these.
- 5. Sati – virtuouswomen Women were forced to death by burning them in the funeral pyre of their husbands Raja Ram proved that sati had no sanction in the indian texts
- 6. Abolishing sati RAJA RAMMOHAN ROY played an important role in abolishing sati He felt changes were necessary in the society Also, the British were ready to listen to these reformers as they also criticized indian customs
- 7. LET’S WATCH ANDUNDERSTAND BETTER
- 8. Child marriage Children weremarried off at an early age This did not allow them to live their childhood fully
- 9. No child marriage❌ Child marriage was abolished on 1 Nov 2007 Man – 21+ Woman – 18+
- 10. Hindu varna system BRAHMIN Teachersand priests KSHATRIYAS Warriors and kings who fought VAISHYAS Merchants and landowners SHUDRAS Peasants and servants, common people
- 11. Raja ram mohanroy Brahmo samaj Spread western education in country Campaign against Sati Ensure equality for women Well versed in sanskrit,persian.etc Translated an old buddhist text critical of caste
- 12. Widow remarriage act-1856 Thesuggestion of widows remarriage was accepted by the British officials and the law was passed Many widows did not remarry due to the fear of acceptance by the scociety
- 13. Ishwarchandra vidyasagar 1.Used ancient textsto suggest widow remarriage 2.Some people opposed him and boycotted him 3.Set up schools for girls
- 14. Veerasa lingam pantulu 1.Formedan association at Madras residency 2.Supported widow remarriage
- 15. Swami dayanand saraswati 1.Aryasamaj 2.Supported widow remarriage
- 16. WHY CANT EDUCATETHEM? People feared to educate girls: 1. Prevent them from domestic duties 2. Traveling through public places. This would have a corrupting influence on them.
- 18. Reform Some women weretaught at home by their literate or liberal fathers and husbands Mumtaz Ali reinterpreted verses from the koran to argue for women’s education
- 19. Begums of bhopal Founda primary school for girls at Aligarh BEGUM ROKEYA SAKHAWAT HOSSAIN started schools for Muslim girls in Patna and Calcutta . She was a fearless critic of conservative ideas who argued that religious leaders of every faith accorded an inferior place to women
- 20. Pandita ramabai Great scholarof sanskrit Felt Hinduism was oppressive towards woman Wrote a book about themiserable lives of upper caste hindu women Found a widow’s home at Poona to train them to live independently Women were supported economically
- 21. The orthodox Many hindunationalists felt that hindu women were corrupting Hindu culture by adopting Western ways and values Orthodox Muslims were worried at the impact of these changes
- 22. PROMISES…. Women also started writingand editing newspapers and magazines and also started setting up women associations They started joining movements from the 1920s Leaders promised women full suffrage for all after independence.
- 23. Caste and socialreform Prarthana samaj adhered to the tradition of Bhakti Paramhans mandali worked for abolition of caste
- 24. POOR WORKERS The poorbegan to leave their villages and started searching for job opportunities in the cities . In this way they could get rid of the oppressive hold of the landowners which resided in their villages They got work in the army, municipality as cleaners and
- 25. Gift of education Christianmissionaries began setting up schools for tribal groups and lower castes Many people thought that they were doing this to establish their power
- 26. Demands for justice Satnamimovement was found by Ghasidas who aimed to improve the social status of leather workers Haridas Thakur Matua’s sect worked among the chandala cultivators. Haridas questioned the brahmanical texts that supported caste system All these sects were founded by non brahman castes and those who worked amongst them
- 27. Shri narayana guru Proclaimedthe ideals of unity for his people Argued against people treating them unequally on the basis of caste differences His famous statement: Oru jati , Oru matham , Oru daivam manushyanu.
- 28. Jyotirao phule Vocalamongst low caste leaders Studied in schools set up by Christian missionaries He attacked the Brahman’s claim that they were superior to others as they were Aryans. He argued that Aryans were invaders who established their dominance in the society Began to look at the rest of the population as inferior or low caste He said the right owners of the land were the( low castes) He told before Aryan rule there was a time when warrior peasnts lived peacefully under the just rule of their king He said that shudras must unite to challenge caste discrimination Founder of SATYASHODAK SAMAJ
- 29. Gulamgiri - slavery In1873 , Phule wrote the book ‘ GULAMGIRI’ 10 years ago the American Civil War had been fought .. Led to end of slavery Dedicated his book to all Americans who fought to free slaves Phule extended his criticism of the caste system to argue against all forms of inequality
- 30. AMBEDKAR Born into amahar family Experienced caste prejudice On his return to India in 1919, wrote extensively about the upper caste power in contemporary society.
- 31. Got a fellowship to US 1919 Returnto India 1927 Started temple entry movement in which MAHARS participated 1927 to 1935: Temple entry movement
- 32. Periyar EV RAMASWAMY NAICKER Middleclass family Ascetic in his early life Studied sanskrit scriptures Member of congress Left congress as he got hurt at a feast organized by nationalists Founder of self respect movement
- 33. Periyar was anoutspoken critic of Hindu scriptures These texts had been used to establish the authority of brahmans over lower castes and domination of men over women
- 34. Challenges Self criticism amongupper caste leaders Reaction of orthodox hindu society Caste distinction as a cornerstone of Hinduism Show how this was sanctified by scriptures Debates and struggles over caste beyond colonial period
- 35. Join the historicalfun …… THANKYOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION A presentation by ISHITA M REJI , VIII A😀