system architecture of irrigation system using arduino and wireless zigbee module

1. WIRELESS IRRIGATION SYSTEM
FOR RURAL INDIA USING
ZIGBEE/X-BEE AND DTMF CODE
BHUWAM BHASKAR DIXIT, ABHINAV KUMAR SINGH
DEPT. OF TELECOMM. SRM UNIVERSITY,CHENNAI
bhuwamdixit@gmail.com,abhinav_singh95@hotmail.com

2.  1. INTRODUCTION
 2. PROBLEM STATEMENT
 3. KEYWORDS
 4. PROPOSED SYSTEM
 5. WORKING
 6 EXTENSIONS
 7. FUTURE PURPOSE

3. INTRODUCTION
• Agriculture in India has a significant history. Today, India ranks
second worldwide in farm output.
• Indian economy is mainly based on agriculture. The most
important parameter for the agriculture is timely and
sufficient supply of water.
• Most of the farmers are dependent on electric water pumps
for irrigation which demands electricity. The frequent,
intermittent, low voltage supply of power to the agriculture
sector has caused problems to the farmers who are spending
their time monitoring the supply of power without which
their work cannot start.

4. STATS
• Agriculture and allied sectors like forestry and fisheries
accounted for 13.9% of the GDP in 2011-2012 (at 2004-2005
prices), about 50% of the total workforce.
• Today, India ranks second in the world in farm output with
64% of cultivated land dependent on monsoons.
• Irrigation accounts for 55-70% of water usage in India.
• Nearly 60% of the water used in irrigation is wasted.

5. STATS

6. • India is the country of agriculture. Most of the people of India live in villages and are
fully dependent on agriculture for their livelihood and agriculture is responsible for
driving India’s economy.
• Most of the farmers are dependent on tube Wells for irrigation and supply of power
to agricultural areas is limited to only a fixed hour in a day which is not always
predictable.
• The frequent power cuts and low voltage supply create big hurdle to the farmer and
thus it needs continuous manual monitoring.
• The proposed system a farmer can monitor power on/off from anywhere using the
proposed system and he can switch on or off the motor from anywhere far from the
actual field.
PROBLEM STATEMENT

7. • The proposed system solves following problems:-
i. Normally farms are very far from the house so, irrigation needs
traveling which causes Inconvenience and fuel consumption.
ii. Irregularity of power supply may lead to do irrigation at odd timing.
iii. Pesticides are harmful to the farmers because they are present in the
field when pesticide is sprayed.
iv. The problem of thieves/robbers/ antisocial elements at the field is
also significant.

8.  In this system we had focused basically on switching an
irrigation motor ON/OFF wirelessly from house of the farmer.
 In a recent study, it was found that the average distance of
farmer’s house to his field is around 2km. approx. Our
system deals with a range of approximately 3200 metres.
 A switching device basically a box, comprising the two
buttons for ON and OFF is installed in the house, which in
turn is connected to a zigbee/x-bee Transreciever which
wirelessly transmits to a base station by using XBee-PRO
technology.

9. The base station or the irrigation site, mainly comprises of the
following components:
 X-bee/zigbee transceiver pair
 Temperature sensor(LM3580)
 Relay and relay driver or simply a motor driver IC- L2939NE.
 IRRIGATION MOTOR
 MICRO-CONTROLLER (say ARDUINO-UNO)
 LCD FOR MONITORING MOTOR TEMPERATURE

11. • The focus of network applications under
the IEEE 802.15.4 / ZigBee standard
include the features of low power
consumption, needed for only two
major modes (Tx/Rx or Sleep), high
density of nodes per network, low costs
and simple implementation.
• The number of channels allotted to each
frequency band is fixed at sixteen
(numbered 11-26), one (numbered 0)
and ten (numbered 1-10) respectively.
The higher frequency band is applicable
worldwide, and the lower band in the
areas of North America, Europe,
Australia and New Zealand.

13. 
• Power saving, as a result of the short working
period, low power consumption of
communication, and standby mode
• Reliability: Collision avoidance is adopted,
with a special time slot allocated for those
communications that need fixed bandwidth
so that competition and conflict are avoided
when transmitting data. The MAC layer
adopts completely confirmed data
transmission, that is, every data packet sent
must wait for the confirmation from the
receiver.
• Low cost of the modules, and the ZigBee
protocol is patent fee free.
• Offers excellent performance in low SNR
environments.

14. • Relays are electro magnetically operated switches.
• An actuating current on a coil operates one or more galvanically
separated contacts or load circuits. In other words, A relay
is an electrical switch that opens and closes under the control of
another electrical circuit.
• In the original form, the switch is operated by an electromagnet to
open or close one or many sets of contacts. Because a relay is able to
control an output circuit of higher power than the input circuit, it
can be considered, in a broad sense, to be a form of an electrical
amplifier.

15. The LM35 series are precision integrated-
circuit temperature sensor. The LM35 is rated
to operate over a −55° to +150°C temperature
range.The proposed system maintains the
temperature range between 24C to 35C. This
value manually is changed according to the
seasonal temperature using the manual mode.

16.  At present, the system proposed in this paper
can fully solve the problem of switching irrigation
motor from farmer’s house & in future it can be
applied to the rural areas of our country.
 The demerit of the proposed system is limited
range. This can be mitigated by applying
repeaters.
 The working range of the proposed system can
be drastically increased if TRAI( Telecom
regulatory authority of India)allows the usage of
frequency bands which are banned for civil
usage.