Windows is a graphical operating system developed by Microsoft that allows users to store files, run software, connect to the internet, and more. Microsoft Word allows users to create professional documents with styles, themes, mail merges and more. Microsoft Excel stores data in cells organized in rows and columns, and uses formulas to perform calculations. Macros can help automate tasks like cleaning clinical datasets for research in Excel to reduce data cleaning time significantly compared to manual transcription.

1. WINDOWS, WORD & EXCEL
SHIVA RAM
M.SC. NURSING 1ST YEAR
AIIMS, JODHPUR

2. WINDOWS
• MICROSOFT WINDOWS (ALSO REFERRED TO AS WINDOWS OR WIN)
IS A GRAPHICAL OPERATING SYSTEM DEVELOPED AND PUBLISHED
BY MICROSOFT. IT PROVIDES A WAY TO STORE FILES,
RUN SOFTWARE, PLAY GAMES, WATCH VIDEOS, AND CONNECT TO
THE INTERNET.

3. • AN OPERATING SYSTEM OR OS IS SOFTWARE INSTALLED ON A
COMPUTER'S HARD DRIVE THAT ENABLES THE
COMPUTER HARDWARE TO COMMUNICATE AND OPERATE WITH THE
COMPUTER SOFTWARE. WITHOUT A COMPUTER OPERATING
SYSTEM, A COMPUTER AND SOFTWARE PROGRAMS WOULD BE
USELESS.
• MICROSOFT WINDOWS WAS FIRST INTRODUCED WITH VERSION 1.0
ON NOVEMBER 10, 1983.

4. USES OF WORD
 CREATE PROFESSIONAL-LOOKING DOCUMENTS THAT INCORPORATE IMPRESSIVE
GRAPHICS.
 GIVE DOCUMENTS A CONSISTENT LOOK BY APPLYING STYLES AND THEMES THAT
CONTROL THE FONT, SIZE, COLOR, AND EFFECTS OF TEXT AND THE PAGE
BACKGROUND.
 CREATE PERSONALIZED MAILINGS TO MULTIPLE RECIPIENTS WITHOUT REPETITIVE
TYPING.
 MAKE INFORMATION IN LONG DOCUMENTS ACCESSIBLE BY COMPILING TABLES OF
CONTENTS, INDEXES, AND BIBLIOGRAPHIES.
 SAFEGUARD DOCUMENTS BY CONTROLLING WHO CAN MAKE CHANGES AND THE
TYPES OF CHANGES THAT CAN BE MADE, AS WELL AS BY REMOVING PERSONAL
AND CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION.

5. MS EXCEL
 CELL
 A SPREADSHEET IS IN THE FORM OF A TABLE COMPRISING ROWS
AND COLUMNS. THE RECTANGULAR BOX AT THE INTERSECTION
POINT BETWEEN ROWS AND COLUMNS FORMS A CELL.
• CELLADDRESS
 THE CELL ADDRESS IS THE NAME BY WHICH IS CELL CAN BE
ADDRESSED. FOR EXAMPLE, IF ROW 7 IS INTERESTED IN COLUMN
G, THEN THE CELL ADDRESS IS G7.

6. BENEFITS OF MS EXCEL
• EASY TO STORE DATA
• EASY TO RECOVER DATA
• APPLICATION OF MATHEMATICAL FORMULAS
• MORE SECURE
• DATA AT ONE PLACE
• NEATER AND CLEARER VISIBILITY OF INFORMATION

7. RESEARCH ARTICLE
• USING MACROS IN MICROSOFT EXCEL TO FACILITATE CLEANING OF RESEARCH DATA
• JUSTIN BAUZON , CALEB MURPHY, SANDHYA WAHI-GURURAJ
• BACKGROUND: RETROSPECTIVE CHART REVIEW STUDIES MAY BE DELAYED BY INABILITY TO EXPORT CLEAN CLINICAL
DATA FROM AN ELECTRONIC MEDICAL RECORD (EMR) OR DATA REPOSITORY. MACROS ARE PRE-PROGRAMMED
PROCEDURES THAT CAN BE USED IN MICROSOFT EXCEL TO HELP STREAMLINE THE PROCESS OF CLEANING CLINICAL
DATASETS.
• OBJECTIVES: TO DEMONSTRATE HOW MACROS MAY BE USEFUL FOR RESEARCHERS AT COMMUNITY HOSPITALS AND
SMALLER ACADEMIC HEALTH CENTERS THAT LACK INFORMATICS SUPPORT.
• METHODS: USING AN INTRINSIC FUNCTION OF OUR INSTITUTION'S EMR, VITAL SIGNS AND LAB RESULTS FROM 20
INDIVIDUAL HOSPITALIZATIONS WERE EXPORTED TO A SPREADSHEET. TWO MACROS WERE DEVELOPED TO SORT THROUGH
THESE DATASETS AND OUTPUT THEM INTO A SPECIFIED FORMAT. THE SPEED OF MACRO-ASSISTED DATA CLEANING WAS
COMPARED TO MANUAL TRANSCRIPTION.
• RESULTS: TIME SPENT ON DATA CLEANING WAS SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCED WHEN USING MACRO-ASSISTED SORTING
COMPARED TO THE MANUAL APPROACH FOR BOTH VITAL SIGNS (46.5 SECONDS VERSUS 12.3 MINUTES PER RECORD, A 94%
REDUCTION; P < 0.001) AND LABS (13.7 SECONDS VERSUS 2.6 MINUTES PER RECORD, A 91% REDUCTION; P < 0.001).
• CONCLUSIONS: MACROS OFFER A FLEXIBLE AND EFFICIENT TOOL FOR CLEANING LARGE SETS OF CLINICAL DATA,
PARTICULARLY WHEN AN INSTITUTION LACKS INFORMATICS SUPPORT OR EMR FUNCTIONALITY TO EXPORT CLINICAL DATA
IN AN ANALYSIS-READY FORMAT.

8. CONCLUSION
• MICROSOFT WORD ALLOWS YOU TO CREATE SIMPLE WORD PROCESSING
DOCUMENTS LIKE LETTERS AND REPORTS EFFORTLESSLY, ALLOWING YOU TO
ADD COLOUR AND CLIP ART. WRITING IN VARIOUS FONTS AND SIZES AND USING
TABLES, BORDERS & BULLET FORMATTING REDUCES TEDIOUSNESS AND
INCREASES PRODUCTIVITY.
•
• IT CAN BOOST YOUR EMPLOYABILITY AND CAREER PROSPECTS, WHILST ALSO
BEING A USEFUL TOOL TO ANALYSE DATA IN EVERYDAY LIFE, SUCH AS WHEN
MANAGING PERSONAL FINANCES. EXCEL IS EASILY ACCESSIBLE SOFTWARE THAT
IS A VALUABLE TOOL IN ALL ASPECTS OF LIFE AND SHOULD BE CONSIDERED
CRITICAL FOR PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT

9. REFERENCES
 ADEBISI, JELEEL. (2013). FUNDAMENTALS OF COMPUTER STUDIES.
HTTPS://WWW.RESEARCHGATE.NET/PUBLICATION/258339295_FUNDAMENTALS_OF_COMPU
TER_STUDIES
 JELEEL ADEKUNLE ADEBISI, UNIVERSITY OF ILORIN [INTERNET]. 2022 [CITED 20 APRIL
2022]. AVAILABLE FROM:
HTTPS://WWW.RESEARCHGATE.NET/PUBLICATION/258339391_MICROSOFT_WORD
 HTTPS://WWW.GEEKSFORGEEKS.ORG/INTRODUCTION-TO-MICROSOFT-
WORD/#:~:TEXT=MICROSOFT%20WORD%20IS%20A%20WORD,YOUR%20NEW%20OR%20EXI
STING%20DOCUMENT.