2. Wildlife Conservation Projects
■ Wildlife Conservation projects aim to preserve and use natural resources in
a sustainable manner. This is done to ensure that future generations can
benefit from these resources. Wildlife is an essential element of nature, so
it must be protected.
■ The government of India has initiated many wildlife conservation
projects like Project Elephant, Project Tiger, Indian Rhino Vision
2020, Project Hangul, Crocodile Conservation Initiative, etc.
3. Project Tiger
• The population of Indian Tigers was rapidly dropping at
the end of the twentieth century.
• In response, government of India launched project
Tiger in 1973.
• Project Tiger was established in the Palamau Tiger
Reserve, Jim Corbett National Park, Uttarakhand, in
1973.
• This is a Ministry of Environment and Forests-
sponsored initiative.
• The project’s goal is to save tigers from extinction by
ensuring that the animal has a viable population in its
native habitat.
• The Initiative has had tremendous success in restoring
the habitat and population of tigers in the protected
regions.
4. TigerTaskForce
■ To ensure the proper implementation of the project Tiger , it
required the need for statuary authority to ensure tiger
conservation.
■ The Tiger Task Force was Set up to look after the problems of
Tiger conservation in India, on the recommendations of the
national board for wildlife.
■ The TTF proposed the formation of the National Tiger
Conservation Authority (NTCA).
■ National Board for Wildlife 》Tiger Task Force 》 NTCA
5. Project Elephant
•
• Project Elephant is a federally funded
program that began in 1992.
• The project intends to help with elephant
management and protection in states with
free-roaming wild elephant populations
• The protection of elephants is particularly
crucial because it has been classified as a
national heritage of the country.
• The Government of India did this in 2010,
following the recommendations of the
Standing Committee on the National Board of
Wildlife.
6. The project’s goals are as follows:
■ Preservation of elephants,
elephant corridors, and their
habitats; prevention of man-
animal conflicts; and
protection of domesticated
elephants.
■ This initiative is critical
because it protects elephants
from poachers and hunters,
hence reducing illegal ivory
trade.
7. Project Crocodile • Crocodilians were threatened in India because of
an increase in indiscriminate kills. They were
poached for commercial interests, causing their
population to plummet dramatically.
• Aside from that, there has been a loss of habitat
due to increased development and
industrialization.
• In response to this scenario, Project Crocodile was
launched in 1975.
• The initiative was launched by the Indian
government in collaboration with the Food and
Agricultural Organization and the United Nations
Development Fund.
8. ■ The project include an intensive captive rearing and
breeding program intended to restock depleted
Gharial habitat.
■ Crocodile populations have increased as a result of the
project’s implementation, saving them from extinction.
■ National Chambal Sanctuary and Katerniaghat wildlife
Sanctuary are two of the protected sites.
9. Project Hangul
• The Hangul, also known as the Kashmir Red Stag, is
a subspecies of the Central Asian Red Deer that is
native to northern India. It is typically found in the
deep riverine forests of Kashmir Valley, Himachal
Pradesh, Sindh Valley, etc.
• The Jammu and Kashmir governments, in
collaboration with the International Union for
Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and World Wildlife
Fund (WWF), developed a program in the 1970s to
protect and conserve the Kashmir Red Stag and its
habitat.
10. • It has been considered one of the most endangered mammal
species in the Indian subcontinent since the 1950s.
• Threats to Hangul: Habitat destruction, Overgrazing, infection
and poaching.
• The project’s goal was to build enclosures for the species’
artificial breeding.
11. Indian Rhino Vision
2020
• Single Horned Rhino is an important protected wildlife
in India.
• The conservation efforts for this animal started in
1987 as ‘ Project Rhino’
• Indian Rhino Vision 2020, which was launched in 2005, was
an ambitious initiative to achieve a wild population of at
least 3,000 larger one-horned rhinos scattered throughout
seven protected areas in the Indian state of Assam by the
year 2020.
• Kaziranga, Pobitora, Orang National Park, Manas National
Park, Laokhowa Wildlife Sanctuary, Burachapori Wildlife
Sanctuary, and Dibru Saikhowa Wildlife Sanctuary are the
seven protected places.
12. Some other projects are :
■ Project Gangetic River Dolphin (1986)
■ Project Snow Leopard (2009)
■ Project Vulture (2006)
■ The Gur Lion Sanctuary Project (1972)
■ Project Himalayan Musk Deer (1981)
■ Project Cheetah (2022)
