Whiplash
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Whiplash is a neck injury caused by sudden acceleration or deceleration forces that damage the soft tissues of the neck. Common symptoms include neck pain, stiffness, headaches and pain that may radiate to the shoulders, arms, and back. Treatment focuses on medication, physical therapy, massage, education and surgery in severe cases. Prevention strategies like seatbelts and head restraints can help reduce risk but whiplash is still difficult to prevent completely.
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Whiplash
Whiplash is a neck injury caused by sudden acceleration or deceleration forces that damage the soft tissues of the neck. Common symptoms include neck pain, stiffness, headaches, and pain in the shoulders, arms, and back. Treatment focuses on medication, physical therapy, massage, cervical collars, and in severe cases surgery, while prevention emphasizes seatbelts, head restraints, and neck exercises.
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The document provides information on minimally invasive spine surgery techniques. It describes conditions such as degenerative disc disease, spondylolisthesis, and spinal stenosis. Traditional open fusion techniques are outlined along with newer minimally invasive techniques such as AxiaLIF fusion, which involves inserting an implant through a small incision without dissecting muscles or cutting ligaments. Benefits of AxiaLIF include less tissue disruption, less post-operative pain, shorter hospital stays and faster recovery times compared to traditional open fusion.
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Night blindness, also known as nyctalopia, is a condition where one's vision is severely impaired in low light conditions. It can be caused by various eye conditions like cataracts, severe short-sightedness, diabetic retinopathy, vitamin A deficiency, and retinitis pigmentosa. At an eye specialist visit, tests like visual acuity checks and retinal examinations will be performed to diagnose the cause. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but may include glasses, surgery, dietary changes, or vitamin supplements. Without treatment, night blindness can result in loss of mobility in low light.
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This document discusses common age-related changes that occur in the cells and various body systems as people age. It describes changes at the cellular level like reduced cell numbers and lean body mass. It also reviews changes in physical appearance like hair loss, wrinkles and reduced tissue elasticity. Finally, it examines changes that can occur in major body systems including the respiratory, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and urinary systems which can impact health and increase risk of issues like infection, falls and more. Nursing interventions are discussed for many of the changes.
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The document discusses various aging-related changes that can occur in the human body as people grow older. It covers changes that may happen in several body systems including sensory systems, brain and nervous system, muscles and bones, gastrointestinal tract, skin, heart, blood vessels, kidneys, endocrine system, and reproductive system. Some key points made are that aging is a normal process, various systems may slow down or lose fine-tuning with age, lifestyle can impact the degree of changes, and steps can be taken to help maximize independence as people age.
Physiological aging changes
Physiological changes that occur with aging include:
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2. Skin changes like wrinkling, loss of fat and pigment, and age spots. Musculoskeletal changes involve arthritis, osteoporosis, and sarcopenia.
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Whiplash
Whiplash is a neck injury caused by sudden acceleration or deceleration forces that damage the soft tissues of the neck. Common symptoms include neck pain, stiffness, headaches, and pain in the shoulders, arms, and back. Treatment focuses on medication, physical therapy, massage, cervical collars, and in severe cases surgery, while prevention emphasizes seatbelts, head restraints, and neck exercises.
Axia lif patient presentation
The document provides information on minimally invasive spine surgery techniques. It describes conditions such as degenerative disc disease, spondylolisthesis, and spinal stenosis. Traditional open fusion techniques are outlined along with newer minimally invasive techniques such as AxiaLIF fusion, which involves inserting an implant through a small incision without dissecting muscles or cutting ligaments. Benefits of AxiaLIF include less tissue disruption, less post-operative pain, shorter hospital stays and faster recovery times compared to traditional open fusion.
Mel's portfolio
Night blindness, also known as nyctalopia, is a condition where one's vision is severely impaired in low light conditions. It can be caused by various eye conditions like cataracts, severe short-sightedness, diabetic retinopathy, vitamin A deficiency, and retinitis pigmentosa. At an eye specialist visit, tests like visual acuity checks and retinal examinations will be performed to diagnose the cause. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but may include glasses, surgery, dietary changes, or vitamin supplements. Without treatment, night blindness can result in loss of mobility in low light.
Common aging changes_fall 2013 abridged
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This document provides an overview of Bell's palsy, including causes, risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and management. Bell's palsy causes sudden weakness or paralysis of the muscles on one side of the face. It is usually temporary and results from swelling or inflammation of the facial nerve. Common symptoms include facial drooping, inability to smile or close an eye. While the exact cause is unknown, it may be due to a viral infection. Diagnosis is based on symptoms, and treatment focuses on electrical stimulation, massage, eye protection and exercises to aid recovery, which occurs within 6 months for most people.
Aging-related Changes
The document discusses various aging-related changes that can occur in the human body as people grow older. It covers changes that may happen in several body systems including sensory systems, brain and nervous system, muscles and bones, gastrointestinal tract, skin, heart, blood vessels, kidneys, endocrine system, and reproductive system. Some key points made are that aging is a normal process, various systems may slow down or lose fine-tuning with age, lifestyle can impact the degree of changes, and steps can be taken to help maximize independence as people age.
Physiological aging changes
Physiological changes that occur with aging include:
1. Declines in organ function such as reduced brain weight, metabolism, kidney function, and lung capacity compared to age 30.
2. Skin changes like wrinkling, loss of fat and pigment, and age spots. Musculoskeletal changes involve arthritis, osteoporosis, and sarcopenia.
3. Gastrointestinal changes are reductions in secretion, motility, and muscle tone/strength. Cardiopulmonary changes include stiffening arteries and elevated blood pressure. Urinary changes are smaller bladder capacity and delayed micturation reflex.
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Physiological changes with aging
1. Physiological changes of aging affect nearly all body systems. The document outlines changes to the cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, endocrine, immune, urinary, nervous, and musculoskeletal systems.
2. Key changes include decreases in organ size, bone density, muscle mass, hormone production, and immune function. Changes also include increased risk of infection, osteoporosis, and other age-related diseases.
3. Aging impacts nearly every system through structural and physiological declines that can impact daily living and increase health risks if not managed.
Sports Injuries
This document discusses common sports injuries, focusing on baseball injuries. It notes that elbow injuries are most common, occurring in 60% of baseball players, followed by shoulder injuries at 30% and lower back injuries at 10%. The two main types of injuries are overuse (cumulative) injuries that develop over time from stress without proper healing, and acute traumatic injuries from sudden force or impact. Common elbow injuries include Little League elbow and tennis elbow. Common shoulder injuries include tendinitis, impingement syndrome, and rotator cuff tears. Treatment for injuries depends on the specific injury but generally involves modifying activities, medication, and light exercise or activity. Proper conditioning, technique, weight management, posture, and avoiding smoking can help prevent
The Game Plan
The document provides information on common sports injuries and medical conditions organized into modules. It covers concussions, pulmonary and cardiac emergencies, musculoskeletal injuries like fractures and strains, environmental conditions like heat illness, and more. For each, it describes signs and symptoms and outlines appropriate first aid treatments and response. Scenarios are also included to demonstrate application of the guidelines.
Age-Related Physiological Changes and Their Clinical Significance
Physiological changes occur with aging in all organ systems. The cardiac output decreases, blood pressure increases and arteriosclerosis develops. The lungs show impaired gas exchange, a decrease in vital capacity and slower
expiratory flow rates. The creatinine clearance decreases with age although the serum creatinine level remains relatively constant due to a proportionate age-related decrease in creatinine production. Functional'changes, largely
related to altered motility patterns, occur in the gastrointestinal system with senescence, and atrophic gastritis and altered hepatic drug metabolism are common in the elderly. Progressive elevation of blood glucose occurs with age on a multifactorial basis and osteoporosis is frequently seen due 'to a linear
decline in bone mass after the fourth decade. The epidermis of the skin atrophies with age and due to changes in collagen and elastin the skin loses its tone and elasticity. Lean body mass declines with ag'e and this is primarily due to loss and atrophy of muscle cells. Degenerative changes occur in many
joints and this, combined with the loss of muscle mass, inhibits elderly patients locomotion. These changes with age have important practical implications for the clinical management of elderly patients: metabolism is altered, changes
in response to commonly used drugs make different drug dosages necessary and there is need for rational preventive programs of diet and exercise in an effort to delay or reverse some of these changes.
Headaches
Physiotherapists can help treat headaches caused by neck problems through various techniques. Poor posture, muscle imbalances, stress, and previous neck injuries can lead to tight neck muscles and reduced neck movement, causing headaches. A physiotherapist will assess the issue, perform treatments like joint mobilization and massage, prescribe exercises to improve flexibility and strength, and provide advice to manage the underlying causes.
NUCCA Case Study Presentation - Post Concussion Syndrome
This document discusses the role of cervical spine dysfunction in post-concussion syndrome (PCS). It presents evidence that PCS symptoms may be caused by an injury to the cervical spine called the atlas subluxation complex (ASC). The document describes case studies that found reductions in ASC using spinal manipulation resolved PCS symptoms like headaches and dizziness. It argues ASC should be considered a cause of PCS and measurable entity that can be corrected through chiropractic care.
Whiplash injury
This document discusses whiplash, which refers to injuries to the neck caused by sudden acceleration-deceleration movements like those in car accidents. It begins by outlining the history and terminology of whiplash. The mechanism of injury involves cervical acceleration and deceleration, stretching and tearing muscles and tendons. Common causes are car accidents and falls. Injuries can range from muscle strains to fractures. Symptoms include neck pain and stiffness. Treatment involves immobilization, medications, physical therapy, and sometimes surgery for severe cases. Most patients see gradual improvement over 3 months to a year.
Whiplash injury in athletes
Whiplash is a common neck injury in contact sports where an impact causes the head and neck to suddenly move forward and back. It can result from tackles in sports like soccer, rugby, and hockey. Whiplash injuries were once treated with immobilization in a cervical collar but current recommendations favor early movement instead. Symptoms can include neck pain and stiffness as well as arm numbness. Diagnosis is made through history and physical exam to rule out fractures, while imaging helps identify preexisting degenerative changes. Treatment focuses on pain control, range of motion exercises, and physical therapy. Most whiplash injuries are self-limiting but some can lead to long-term disability.
Lumbar Pathologies.pptx
The document discusses various lumbar pathologies including spinal stenosis, spondylosis, and spondylolisthesis. Spinal stenosis narrows the spinal canal and causes leg pain that is relieved by rest and bending forward. Spondylosis is age-related degeneration of the lower back that causes muscle spasms and pain. Spondylolisthesis is vertebral slippage that can be caused by injury or disease. Physiotherapy treatments focus on exercises and manual therapy to relieve pain and improve function.
Shoulder dislocation
The document discusses shoulder dislocation, including the anatomy of the shoulder joint, causes of dislocation, signs and symptoms, types of dislocation, treatment options like closed reduction and surgery, rehabilitation, and complications. The most common type of dislocation is anterior dislocation, which can occur due to falls or impacts and results in the humeral head moving out of the glenoid socket in the front of the shoulder. Treatment depends on the severity of the dislocation and any associated injuries.
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This document discusses whiplash injury, providing definitions, clinical findings, management, and prognosis. Whiplash is defined as a sudden hyperextension or hyperflexion injury to the neck caused by an acceleration/deceleration mechanism. It most commonly results from rear-end motor vehicle collisions. Clinical findings can include neck pain, stiffness, reduced range of motion, headaches, and neurological symptoms. Treatment involves education, medications, physical therapy, and potentially minimally invasive procedures like injections. Most people recover within a month, though a small percentage may have long-term issues. Factors like additional injuries, female sex, and litigation involvement can impact prognosis.
Mechanical stability of lumber spine (1).pptx
This document discusses mechanical stability of the lumbar spine. It can be achieved through intra-abdominal pressure generated by muscles like the transverse abdominis, co-contraction of trunk muscles, external supports, and surgery. The transverse abdominis plays a key role in stabilizing the spine by increasing intra-abdominal pressure. Co-contraction of flexor and extensor muscles also provides stability. Common spine issues include injuries from accidents like whiplash, as well as overuse injuries, disc issues, and fractures.
The role of surgery in common lumbar conditions
The document discusses common lumbar spine conditions including disc herniation, spinal stenosis, and chronic low back pain. It describes the causes, symptoms, treatments including surgery, and outcomes. For disc herniation, surgery in the form of discectomy is recommended for severe or unremitting leg pain and can provide relief in 90% of cases. Spinal stenosis is treated initially with physiotherapy or epidural injections, with surgery as an option for severe, unresolved symptoms. Fusion surgery is not usually indicated for chronic low back pain alone but may be used for instability or certain structural deformities.
Sciatica by Farshid Mokhberi
Sciatica is a common type of pain affecting the sciatic nerve, a large nerve extending from the lower back down the back of each leg.
Sport injuries and prevention
The document discusses sports injuries, including their classification, causes, symptoms, and treatments. It covers both acute injuries resulting from single traumatic incidents like collisions, as well as chronic injuries from overuse over time. Common acute injuries mentioned are sprains, strains, and bruises, while overuse injuries include shin splints. The RICE method is described as a standard treatment for mild acute injuries. Chronic injury management may involve medications, injections, physiotherapy, or even surgery for severe cases. The document emphasizes prevention through proper warmups, technique, hydration, conditioning, and rules enforcement.
PHYSICAL DISABILITIES
This document provides an overview of various physical disabilities including cerebrovascular accidents, head injuries, spinal cord injuries, disorders of the spine, multiple sclerosis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, myasthenia gravis, amputation, diabetes mellitus, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease. For each condition, it describes symptoms, causes, impairments, terminology, and other key details in brief paragraphs and bullet points. The document is intended as an introductory training module on kinesiotherapy for various physical disabilities.
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Back Pain
Back pain is often a common symptom of many disease conditions and the back pain may range from simple or dull pain to sudden and sharp pain. If the pain persists for few days, it is acute pain whereas if continues for more than 3 months, it is considered as chronic pain. In most cases, back pain may resolve without any treatment however if persists for more than 3 days, medical intervention is necessary.
Neck Pain
The first 7 vertebral bones on the spinal column form the cervical spine and are located in the neck region. The neck bears the weight of the head, allows significant amount of movement, and also less protected than other parts of spine. All these factors make the neck more susceptible to injury or other painful disorders. Common neck pain may occur from muscle strain or tension in everyday activities including poor posture, prolonged use of a computer and sleeping in an uncomfortable position.
Spinal Deformity Surgery
The Spine or backbone provides stability to the upper part of our body. It helps to hold the body upright. It consists of several irregularly shaped bones, called vertebrae appearing in a straight line. The spine has two gentle curves, when looked from the side and appears to be straight when viewed from the front. When these curves are exaggerated, pronounced problems can occur such as back pain, breathing difficulties and fatigue and the condition will be considered as deformity. Spine deformity can be defined as abnormality in the shape, curvature and flexibility of spine.
Spine Injections
Spine injection is a nonsurgical treatment modality recommended for treatment of chronic back pain. Injection of certain medicinal agents relieves the pain by blocking the nerve signals between specific areas of the body and the brain. The treatment approach involves injections of local anaesthetics, steroids, or narcotics into the affected soft tissues, joints, or nerve roots. It may also involve complex nerve blocks and spinal cord stimulation.
Spine Trauma
Spine trauma is damage to the spine caused from a sudden traumatic injury caused by an accidental fall or any other physical injury. Spinal injuries may occur while playing, performing normal activities, operating heavy machines, lifting heavy objects, driving automobiles, or when you suffer a fall. Injury to spine may cause various conditions including fractures, dislocation, partial misalignment (subluxation), disc compression (herniated disc), hematoma (accumulation of blood) and partial or complete tears of ligaments.
Vertebral Fractures
Vertebral compression fractures occur when the normal vertebral body of the spine is squeezed or compressed. The bone collapses when too much pressure is placed on the vertebrae, resulting in pain, limited mobility, loss of height, and spinal deformities. In severe compression fractures the vertebral body is pushed into the spinal canal which will apply pressure on the spinal cord and nerves.Cervical Spondylosis.ppt
Cervical spondylosis is a degenerative condition affecting the bones and discs in the neck. It usually appears in people over age 40 and progresses with age. Common symptoms include neck pain and stiffness that worsens over time and may radiate to the shoulders and arms. Treatment focuses on relieving pain and preventing injury, and may include neck braces, exercises, medication, injections, or surgery for severe cases. Risk factors include aging and previous neck injuries.
Tp 1 astri - final
Massage therapy is one of the most common non-invasive treatments used for neck pain. The document discusses neck pain, its causes, symptoms, and treatments. It provides details on the anatomy of the neck, including muscles, bones, nerves, and blood vessels. Massage therapy is said to be an effective treatment for neck pain as evidenced by numerous studies. Physical examination and imaging tests can help diagnose the underlying cause of neck pain, whether it be muscle strains, arthritis, or other structural issues.
STROKE; POST-STROKE SHOULDER PAIN
CREDITS TO THE ORIGINAL OWNER
STROKE
CAUSES
SYMPTOMS
RISK FACTORS
POST STROKE SHOULDER PAIN
CAUSES OF SHOULDER PAIN
SYMPTOMS OF EACH TYPE
https://www.slideshare.net/varshawanjaai/stroke-poststroke-shoulder-pain
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Similar to Whiplash
Headaches
Physiotherapists can help treat headaches caused by neck problems through various techniques. Poor posture, muscle imbalances, stress, and previous neck injuries can lead to tight neck muscles and reduced neck movement, causing headaches. A physiotherapist will assess the issue, perform treatments like joint mobilization and massage, prescribe exercises to improve flexibility and strength, and provide advice to manage the underlying causes.
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This document discusses the role of cervical spine dysfunction in post-concussion syndrome (PCS). It presents evidence that PCS symptoms may be caused by an injury to the cervical spine called the atlas subluxation complex (ASC). The document describes case studies that found reductions in ASC using spinal manipulation resolved PCS symptoms like headaches and dizziness. It argues ASC should be considered a cause of PCS and measurable entity that can be corrected through chiropractic care.
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This document discusses whiplash injury, providing definitions, clinical findings, management, and prognosis. Whiplash is defined as a sudden hyperextension or hyperflexion injury to the neck caused by an acceleration/deceleration mechanism. It most commonly results from rear-end motor vehicle collisions. Clinical findings can include neck pain, stiffness, reduced range of motion, headaches, and neurological symptoms. Treatment involves education, medications, physical therapy, and potentially minimally invasive procedures like injections. Most people recover within a month, though a small percentage may have long-term issues. Factors like additional injuries, female sex, and litigation involvement can impact prognosis.
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This document discusses mechanical stability of the lumbar spine. It can be achieved through intra-abdominal pressure generated by muscles like the transverse abdominis, co-contraction of trunk muscles, external supports, and surgery. The transverse abdominis plays a key role in stabilizing the spine by increasing intra-abdominal pressure. Co-contraction of flexor and extensor muscles also provides stability. Common spine issues include injuries from accidents like whiplash, as well as overuse injuries, disc issues, and fractures.
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The document discusses common lumbar spine conditions including disc herniation, spinal stenosis, and chronic low back pain. It describes the causes, symptoms, treatments including surgery, and outcomes. For disc herniation, surgery in the form of discectomy is recommended for severe or unremitting leg pain and can provide relief in 90% of cases. Spinal stenosis is treated initially with physiotherapy or epidural injections, with surgery as an option for severe, unresolved symptoms. Fusion surgery is not usually indicated for chronic low back pain alone but may be used for instability or certain structural deformities.
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Sciatica is a common type of pain affecting the sciatic nerve, a large nerve extending from the lower back down the back of each leg.
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The document discusses sports injuries, including their classification, causes, symptoms, and treatments. It covers both acute injuries resulting from single traumatic incidents like collisions, as well as chronic injuries from overuse over time. Common acute injuries mentioned are sprains, strains, and bruises, while overuse injuries include shin splints. The RICE method is described as a standard treatment for mild acute injuries. Chronic injury management may involve medications, injections, physiotherapy, or even surgery for severe cases. The document emphasizes prevention through proper warmups, technique, hydration, conditioning, and rules enforcement.
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This document provides an overview of various physical disabilities including cerebrovascular accidents, head injuries, spinal cord injuries, disorders of the spine, multiple sclerosis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, myasthenia gravis, amputation, diabetes mellitus, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease. For each condition, it describes symptoms, causes, impairments, terminology, and other key details in brief paragraphs and bullet points. The document is intended as an introductory training module on kinesiotherapy for various physical disabilities.
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Back Pain
Back pain is often a common symptom of many disease conditions and the back pain may range from simple or dull pain to sudden and sharp pain. If the pain persists for few days, it is acute pain whereas if continues for more than 3 months, it is considered as chronic pain. In most cases, back pain may resolve without any treatment however if persists for more than 3 days, medical intervention is necessary.
Neck Pain
The first 7 vertebral bones on the spinal column form the cervical spine and are located in the neck region. The neck bears the weight of the head, allows significant amount of movement, and also less protected than other parts of spine. All these factors make the neck more susceptible to injury or other painful disorders. Common neck pain may occur from muscle strain or tension in everyday activities including poor posture, prolonged use of a computer and sleeping in an uncomfortable position.
Spinal Deformity Surgery
The Spine or backbone provides stability to the upper part of our body. It helps to hold the body upright. It consists of several irregularly shaped bones, called vertebrae appearing in a straight line. The spine has two gentle curves, when looked from the side and appears to be straight when viewed from the front. When these curves are exaggerated, pronounced problems can occur such as back pain, breathing difficulties and fatigue and the condition will be considered as deformity. Spine deformity can be defined as abnormality in the shape, curvature and flexibility of spine.
Spine Injections
Spine injection is a nonsurgical treatment modality recommended for treatment of chronic back pain. Injection of certain medicinal agents relieves the pain by blocking the nerve signals between specific areas of the body and the brain. The treatment approach involves injections of local anaesthetics, steroids, or narcotics into the affected soft tissues, joints, or nerve roots. It may also involve complex nerve blocks and spinal cord stimulation.
Spine Trauma
Spine trauma is damage to the spine caused from a sudden traumatic injury caused by an accidental fall or any other physical injury. Spinal injuries may occur while playing, performing normal activities, operating heavy machines, lifting heavy objects, driving automobiles, or when you suffer a fall. Injury to spine may cause various conditions including fractures, dislocation, partial misalignment (subluxation), disc compression (herniated disc), hematoma (accumulation of blood) and partial or complete tears of ligaments.
Vertebral Fractures
Vertebral compression fractures occur when the normal vertebral body of the spine is squeezed or compressed. The bone collapses when too much pressure is placed on the vertebrae, resulting in pain, limited mobility, loss of height, and spinal deformities. In severe compression fractures the vertebral body is pushed into the spinal canal which will apply pressure on the spinal cord and nerves.Cervical Spondylosis.ppt
Cervical spondylosis is a degenerative condition affecting the bones and discs in the neck. It usually appears in people over age 40 and progresses with age. Common symptoms include neck pain and stiffness that worsens over time and may radiate to the shoulders and arms. Treatment focuses on relieving pain and preventing injury, and may include neck braces, exercises, medication, injections, or surgery for severe cases. Risk factors include aging and previous neck injuries.
Tp 1 astri - final
Massage therapy is one of the most common non-invasive treatments used for neck pain. The document discusses neck pain, its causes, symptoms, and treatments. It provides details on the anatomy of the neck, including muscles, bones, nerves, and blood vessels. Massage therapy is said to be an effective treatment for neck pain as evidenced by numerous studies. Physical examination and imaging tests can help diagnose the underlying cause of neck pain, whether it be muscle strains, arthritis, or other structural issues.
STROKE; POST-STROKE SHOULDER PAIN
CREDITS TO THE ORIGINAL OWNER
STROKE
CAUSES
SYMPTOMS
RISK FACTORS
POST STROKE SHOULDER PAIN
CAUSES OF SHOULDER PAIN
SYMPTOMS OF EACH TYPE
https://www.slideshare.net/varshawanjaai/stroke-poststroke-shoulder-pain
Mechanical low back pain
This document discusses mechanical low back pain, defining it as pain originating from the spine that may be acute or chronic. It describes potential causes like nerve root impingement from herniated discs, musculoskeletal pain syndromes involving the muscles, and skeletal issues. Treatment options discussed include bed rest and light exercise, medications like NSAIDs, chiropractic/osteopathic manipulation, massage, and physical therapy modalities.
Back Pain
Back pain is a common medical condition that can affect people of all ages. It can be acute, lasting a few days to a few weeks, or chronic, persisting for more than three months. Back pain can result from various causes, and it can affect different regions of the back, including the upper, middle, or lower back.
spondylolisthesis
Spondylolisthesis is a condition where one vertebra slips out of position over another, usually involving L5 slipping over S1. It is caused by a defect in the pars interarticularis that causes instability. There are several types including isthmic, degenerative, traumatic, and dysplastic. Isthmic spondylolisthesis is the most common type under age 50 and involves a stress fracture of the pars interarticularis. Degenerative spondylolisthesis is most common over age 50 and does not involve a fracture. Symptoms include low back pain and leg pain or numbness. Treatment depends on severity but may include rest, bracing, physical therapy, or surgery.
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This document provides information about musculoskeletal system disorders (MSDs). It discusses that MSDs affect muscles, bones, and joints, causing symptoms like pain, stiffness, and swelling. Common MSDs include muscular dystrophy, osteoporosis, and arthritis. The document then goes on to describe different types of muscular dystrophies in more detail, including their symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment. It also discusses osteoporosis and its risk factors. In summary, the document outlines what MSDs are, common types like muscular dystrophies and osteoporosis, and their symptoms and treatment options.
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Whiplash
- 2. WHAT IS WHIPLASH? Whiplash is a common injury that occurs to a person's neck following a sudden accelerationdeceleration force. http://www.spineuniverse.com/conditions/whiplash/ whiplash-animation
- 3. CAUSE OF WHIPLASH Damage to the soft tissue •Ligaments •Facet Capsules •Muscles
- 4. COMMON SYMPTOMS Neck Pain Stiffness Headache Shoulder Pain Dizziness Fatigue Jaw Pain Arm Pain Arm Weakness Visual Issues Ringing in Ears Back pain
- 5. CRITICAL SYMPTOMS Depression Anger Frustration Anxiety Stress Drug Dependency Sleep Issues Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Social Isolation Brain Injuries
- 6. TREATMENT Medication Educate Patients Cervical Collar Massages Physical and Emotional Therapy Surgery
- 7. PREVENTION Seatbelts Head Restraints Exercise Neck Muscles *Very difficult to prevent