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1. What Is Networking And Its
Types In IT Sector?
In the IT sector, networking refers to the practice of connecting multiple devices and
systems to facilitate communication, data sharing, and resource access. Networking enables
devices such as computers, servers, printers, and other hardware to interact with each
other locally or over long distances, typically through wired or wireless connections. It
plays a crucial role in the functioning of modern businesses, organizations, and the internet
itself.
There are several types of networking commonly used in the IT sector:
• Local Area Network (LAN):
o LANs are networks that typically cover a small geographic area, such as a single building or
campus.
o They are commonly used in offices, schools, and homes to connect devices like computers,
printers, and servers.
o LANs often use Ethernet cables or wireless connections (Wi-Fi) to interconnect devices.
• Wide Area Network (WAN):
o WANs are networks that span large geographical areas, connecting multiple LANs or
individual devices across cities, countries, or continents.
o The internet is the largest example of a WAN, connecting millions of devices worldwide.
o WANs can utilize various technologies such as leased lines, fiber optics, and satellite links
for long-distance communication.
• Metropolitan Area Network (MAN):
o MANs are networks that cover a larger geographical area than LANs but smaller than
WANs, typically serving a city or metropolitan area.
o They are often used by service providers to connect multiple LANs or buildings within a
city.
• Wireless Networks:
o Wireless networks utilize radio frequency signals to transmit data between devices without
the need for physical cables.
o Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and cellular networks are common examples of wireless networking
technologies.
• Virtual Private Network (VPN):
2. o VPNs establish secure connections over public networks (such as the internet) to enable
remote access to resources and ensure data privacy and security.
o They are commonly used by businesses to provide employees with secure access to
company networks and resources from remote locations.
• Peer-to-Peer Network (P2P):
o P2P networks enable devices to communicate and share resources directly with each other
without the need for a central server.
o File sharing applications and online gaming are examples of P2P networking.
• Client-Server Network:
o In a client-server network architecture, client devices (such as computers or smartphones)
request services or resources from central servers.
o Servers manage and provide access to resources, such as files, databases, or applications,
while clients interact with these resources.
These are some of the fundamental types of networking in the IT sector, each serving
different purposes and catering to various communication needs within organizations and
across the internet.
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