2. Learning Outcomes
At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:
LO1. Install network cables
LO2. Set network configuration; and
LO3. Set router/Wi-Fi/Wireless access point/repeater configuration;
3. Pre-assessment activities (notebook)
This activity serves as a guide to accessing your own knowledge and skills in the fundamentals of
preparing network cables, planning cable routers and network topologies.
I can Yes No
Prepare computer cables
Plan network design and cable routes
Install network cables, cable raceways
Identify network protocols and topologies
5. INTRODUCTION
Networks are everywhere—or so it seems. You can hardly do anything with data
that does not involve a network. Like the human networks that we are all part
of, computer networks let us share information and resources. In business, the
reliance on networks is even more pervasive than in homes or schools.
Networks help individuals and businesses alike save money, but they also help
create income. Without a doubt, networking within the home will catch on over
the next few years as it has in business. Soon, nearly all individuals in even
moderately developed nations will have networked components throughout
their homes. Those that don’t will be netologically disadvantaged because they
will not be able to learn or to function at the same level as those who are
networked.
6. In this chapter, you’ll begin by relating networks to situations and
concepts you already know. Once you have a basic understanding of what
networks are and what they can do, it helps if you can actually begin
working with them. In fact, it is so helpful to learn the ropes of networking
through hands-on guided practice that that’s what is planned for you
here. You will play the role of an employee in a fictional company, and
you’ll have to learn on the job. The more you become the person, the
more you will learn about the need for and operation of computer
networks.
7. UNDERSTANDING NETWORKS
Human Networks
In its broadest sense, a network consists of two or more entities, or objects,
sharing resources and information. Although this book is about computer
networks, there are networks that don’t involve computers, and those networks
are everywhere. You have grown accustomed to working with them, possibly
without even knowing it.
It may not matter to you that, in a basic sense, sharing (giving or getting) is a
fundamental aspect of networking. You just know that you do it.
8. Family Network
Most people belong to a
family network in which
related people share their
resources and information.
This sharing is bi-directional
because even the youngest
family members share
information of some sort. As
the family grows, so does the
network.
9. What Is a Computer Network?
A computer network is referred to as “data network”, a
system that connects two or more computing devices for
transmitting and sharing information. Computing devices
include everything from a mobile phone to a server. These
devices are connected using physical wires such as fiber
optics, but they can also be wireless.
10. Is a series of interconnected nodes that can transmit, receive and
exchange data, voice and video traffic.
Examples of nodes in a network include servers or modems. Computer
networks commonly help endpoint users share resources and
communicate.
They commonly appear all over the place, such as homes, offices and
government administrations.
The use of computer networks can overcome geographic barriers and
enable the sharing of information.
Computer networks enable the usage and sharing of any number of
applications and services, including emails, video, audio and plenty of other
types of data, over the internet.
11. The first working network, called ARPANET, was created in the
late 1960s and was funded by the U.S. Department of Defense.
Government researchers used to share information at a time
when computers were large and difficult to move. We have come
a long way today from that basic kind of network. Today’s world
revolves around the internet, which is a network of networks that
connects billions of devices across the world. Organizations of all
sizes use networks to connect their employees’ devices and
resources such as printers.
12. An example of a computer network at large is the traffic
monitoring systems in urban cities. These systems alert
officials and emergency responders with information about
traffic flow and incidents. A simpler example is
using collaboration software such as Google Drive to share
documents with colleagues who work remotely. Every time we
connect via a video call, stream movies, share files, chat with
instant messages, or just access something on the internet, a
computer network is at work.
13. Computer networking is the branch of computer
science that deals with the ideation, architecture,
creation, maintenance, and security of computer
networks. It is a combination of computer science,
computer engineering, and telecommunication.
14. What are the uses of Computer
Networks?
Computer networks have a variety of uses that many would see as
essential today, including the following:
file sharing, which enables users to share data files through a network;
application sharing, which enables users to share applications through a
network;
hardware sharing, which enables users in a network to share hardware
devices, such as printers and hard drives;
client-server model, which enables data to be stored on servers, where
user devices -- or clients -- can access that data;
15. voice over IP (VoIP), which enables users to send voice data
through internet protocols;
communication, which can include video, text and voice;
e-commerce, which enables users to sell and buy products over
the internet; and
gaming, which enables multiple users to play together from
various locations.
USES OF COMPUTER NETWORK (cont.)
16.
17. Advantages and Disadvantages of
Computer Network
Computer Networks have been put in place after
a lot of decision-making and analysis, and it is
expected to be the future of our evolution. That's
why it is important to know its advantages. The
list of advantages of computer networks are:
18. Advantages of Computer Network
• Enhancement of
Communication
and Information
Availability
• Convenient
Sharing of
Resources
• Easy File/Data
Sharing
• Highly Flexible
• Affordable • Increases
Cost
Efficiency
• Networking
Boosts
Storage
Capacity
19. Disadvantages of Computer Network
Computer Network is the most prevalent technology of
today's time, and most people in the world also use them.
It is very modernized and is supposed to get more
advanced with time. Still, its sustainability depends on
overcoming the drawbacks faced inside the computer
network by the people. The people that use the devices
come from all across the world, and they bring in all kinds
of malware with them. Some of the disadvantages of
computer networks are:
22. Types of Computer Networks
Computer networks can be classified based on
several criteria, such as the transmission
medium, the network size, the topology, and
organizational intent. Based on a geographical
scale, the different types of networks are:
23. 1. Personal Area network (PAN): PAN refers to a network used by
just one person to connect multiple devices, such as laptops to
scanners, etc.
2. Local area network (LAN): The local area network connects
devices within a limited geographical area, such as schools,
hospitals, or office buildings.
3. Metropolitan area network (MAN): MAN is a large computer
network that spans across a city.
4. Wide area network (WAN): Wide area networks cover larger
areas such as large cities, states, and even countries.
25. 1. Network Devices
Network devices or nodes are computing devices that need
to be linked in the network. Some network devices include:
• Computers, mobiles, and other consumer devices: These
end devices that users directly and frequently access. For
example, an email originates from the mailing application
on a laptop or mobile phone.
26. Servers: These are application
or storage servers where the
main computation and data
storage occur. All requests for
specific tasks or data come to
the servers.
27. Routers: Routing is the process of
selecting the network path through
which the data packets traverse. Routers
are devices that forward these packets
between networks to ultimately reach
the destination. They add efficiency to
large networks.
28. Switches: Repeaters are to
networks what transformers are
to electricity grids—they are
electronic devices that receive
network signals and clean or
strengthen them. Hubs are
repeaters with multiple ports in
them. They pass on the data to
whichever ports are available.
29. 2. Links
Links are the transmission media which can be of two types:
Wired: Examples of wired technologies used in networks include coaxial cables,
phone lines, twisted-pair cabling, and optical fibers. Optical fibers carry pulses of
light to represent data.
Wireless: Network connections can also be established through radio or other
electromagnetic signals. This kind of transmission is called ‘wireless’. The most
common examples of wireless links include communication satellites, cellular
networks, and radio and technology spread spectrums. Wireless LANs use
spectrum technology to establish connections within a small area.
31. Two types of Network Configuration
Peer Network
Outside the family, there is a community that offers a
wider array of re sources than the typical family can
provide. Naturally, it makes sense to connect the
family to this community to take advantage of the
wealth of re- sources available around town. This
type of information/resource sharing can be as
simple as loaning a hammer to a neighbor, car-
pooling with work associates, or helping a friend with
his or her homework. All of these activities involve
sharing, or trading, resources. This kind of network
is represented by a two-way relationship, a give and
take among equals or peers.
32. Two types of Network Configuration
1. Peer-to-Peer
It is used if there are less than 10
10 computers and there's
minimal risk, Files, such as word
or spreadsheet documents, and
other devices such as printers or
scanners, can be easily shared
across this network.
33. Restaurant Network: The Client and the Server
So, in any type of human network, there’s a lot of giving
and taking. You’re already more accustomed to the
client/server perspective in networking than you realize.
For instance, when you go to dinner at a restaurant, you
be- come a customer, or client, enjoying the food and
drink prepared and served to you by the restaurant. On
the other hand, the waiter works as a server, controlling
and providing his customers with access to resources in
the form of placing orders for and delivering food items.
The server knows that re- quests will be made of him
(access is sought when an order is placed) and that he
will service those making the requests (access is granted
when the order is delivered).
In a dining situation, it is easy to know whether you
are supposed to be serving or being served.
34. 2. Client Server
Is best for bigger networks.
Here, a server or a central
computer acts as the storage
unit for files and applications
shared and accessible on the
network. A standard
client/server setup is usually
used in a computer
35. The type of computing system in which one
powerful workstation serves the requests of
other systems, is an example of client server
technology. A computer network is an
interconnection of computers which share
various resources
36. A computer server is the powerful computer, or the set of
computers connected to each other, which provide services to
other systems. They usually have database integrated in them,
and are very powerful machines with very advanced
configuration. They process the requests of client machines.
Their role is to make management of network easy and
uniform.
What is computer server?
37. Features of Servers
1) They have large storage capacity.
2) They are able to provide information to many computers
simultaneously, therefore have large RAM.
3) Its processor speed is high, as it may have to execute
multi-tasking too.
38. Your best quote that reflects your
approach… “It’s one small step for
man, one giant leap for mankind.”
- NEIL ARMSTRONG
39. SHORT QUIZ
DIRECTIONS: Answer the following questions.
I. Identification
______1. It enables users to share data files through a network.
______2. It enables users in a network to share hardware devices, such as printers and hard drives.
______3. It enables users to share applications through a network.
______4. It enables users to sell and buy products over the internet.
______5. It enables data to be stored on servers, where end-user devices -- or clients -- can access that
data
40. _______6. These are application or storage servers where the main computation and data
storage occur.
--------------7. Are devices that forward these packets between networks to ultimately reach the
destination.
_______8-9. Give the 2 types of Links.
_______10-12. Give 3 Advantages of Computer Network.
_______13-15. Give 3 Disadvantages of Computer Network.
