This document discusses trends in information and communication technologies (ICT). It defines ICT as technologies providing information access through telecommunications, focusing on communication technologies like the Internet, wireless networks, and cell phones. Examples are provided of how ICT has allowed real-time communication through instant messaging, video conferencing, and social media. Emerging trends discussed include the conversational web using chatbots and virtual assistants, the Internet of Things, and removal of headphone jacks and phone buttons in favor of larger screens on smartphones. The document concludes by outlining future directions in wireless networks like cloud-managed systems and increasing Internet-connected devices.

1. Information and Communication
Technology (ICT)
Weeks 3: Lecture 6

2. What is ICT?
• Stands for "Information and
Communication Technologies."
• ICT refers to technologies that provide
access to information through
telecommunications.
• It is similar to Information Technology (IT),
but focuses primarily on communication
technologies.
• This includes the Internet, wireless
networks, cell phones, and other
communication mediums.

3. Examples of ICT provided to Society to Communicate
(past few decades ago)
• Instant messaging,
Voice over IP (VoIP),
video conferencing
• Allows people to
communicate real-
time with others in
different countries.

4. Examples of ICT provided to Society to Communicate
(past few decades ago)
• Social networking
websites like Facebook,
Twitter, Instagram
• Allow users from all over
the world to remain in
contact and communicate
in regular basis.

5. Modern ICT
Created a "global village,"
in which people can
communicate with others
across the world as if they
were living next door.

6. Latest Trends: Internet
• Conversational Web
• Convergence Of Social Media,
Influencer Marketing And E-
Commerce
• Internet Of Things, Data And
Analytics

7. Conversational Web
The conversational web is
all about expanding the
way we interface and
interact with the web.

8. Conversational Web: Examples
• Chatbots (text)
– Healthcare: Babylon Health, Symptomate, Florence
– Business: Reserve, FoodBot, Chip
• Virtual Assistants (voice)
– Apple’s Siri, Amazon’s Alexa, Microsoft’s Cortana, Samsung’s
Bixby
• Botnik (encompass all conversational interfaces such as voice,
biometrics, augmented reality, virtual reality, and some other forms
of reality yet to be defined — including, one day, perhaps, a direct
interface to the human brain)

9. Convergence Of Social Media, Influencer Marketing And
E-Commerce
Social media is changing the way we receive our
information. We now have influencers on social media who
are passionate about specific topics and have created a
significant following on social networks. These people have
a greater-than-average share of voice within a certain
market segment and brands are leveraging them to
promote products.
http://primer.com.ph/blog/2017/04/11/filipino-social-
media-stars-win-big-at-influence-asia-2017/

10. Internet Of Things (IoT),
Data And Analytics
Data from IoT connected
devices will be used to gain
more insight from lifestyle
habits so that marketers can
build personalized shopping
experiences and more
importantly, create a
seamless, omni channel
shopping experience
between online and brick
and mortar properties.
Ingestible Sensors
Depression-Fighting
Apple Watch

11. Latest Trends: Wireless Networks
• Internet of Things (IoT)
• WiFi Standards
• Cloud-managed WLAN

12. Internet of Things (IoT)
• IHS (Information Handling Services)
forecasts that the installed base of IoT
devices will grow from 15.4 billion in
2015 to 30.7 billion in 2020.
• Dell 'Oro Group estimates an installed
base of nearly 1 billion WLAN network
devices by 2020 and expects these
WLAN devices will be the primary way
most IoT devices connect to networks.

13. WiFi Standards
• The first 802.11ac Wave 2 access
point was released in April 2015,
and since then there's been a
steady stream of Wave 2 APs
hitting the market.
• Wave 2 brings the benefit of MU-
MIMO (Multi-User Multi-Input
and Multi-Output) and the ability
to service up to three concurrent
streams to different users.

14. Cloud-Managed WLAN
• With a Cloud-Managed
WLAN, Aps (Access Points)
connect to a virtual controller,
typically located in a public
cloud on the Internet.
• Control-plane information, AP
management and other
WLAN services are performed
between the cloud controller
and the local APs across an
Internet connection

15. Latest Trends: Cellphones /
Smartphones
• Headphone Jacks
• 18:9 Aspect Ratio
• Digital Assistants
• Dual Cameras
• Buttons Be Gone

16. Headphone Jacks
• Apple’s decision to remove the
headphone jack, send
reverberations throughout the
industry.
• In 2016, phones like the Moto Z
and the iPhone 7 switch over
completely to digital and wireless
audio.
• Phones like the Galaxy S8 and the
iPhone 8 will be without
headphone jacks.
• In addition Android phones will
moving to USB-C ports. USB-C Port

17. 18:9 Aspect Ratio
• LG’s G6 is the first phone
with an 18:9 (or 2:1) aspect
ratio (Univisium).
• Most phones have a 16:9
aspect ratio.
• This means the phone will
be a bit taller than
normal—and maybe even a
bit better for one-handed
usage. LG G6 Samsung S8+

18. Digital Assistants
• “Smarter AI” is pretty
much always on the
docket for a smartphone
manufacturer.
• Samsung and Apple
double down on machine
learning and better digital
assistants.
Demo:
Bixby Vs. Siri

19. Dual Cameras
• LG and Huawei led the way in 2016
with its dual camera setups. Apple
followed suit later in the year.
• In 2017, the rest of the
smartphones released have similar
dual-cameras on their backs.
• The iPhone’s dual-camera is used to
both to create a bokeh effect and
for an analogue zoom.
• Bokeh effect is the aesthetic quality
of the blur produced in the out-of-
focus parts of an image produced by
a lens.

20. Buttons Be Gone
• iPhone 8 and the Galaxy S8
use smaller bezels, and bigger
screens.
• The size of the home button
has made the iPhone’s jump
to big screens particularly
awkward.
• But this year Apple is looking
to fix that problem, iPhone 8
will get rid of the home
button in favor of a smaller
phone with a bigger screen.
Iphone 8

21. Sources:
• https://techterms.com/definition/ict
• https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbesagencycouncil/2017/06/
09/new-internet-technology-trends-that-will-transform-the-
customer-experience/#5f11c4ca3184
• http://www.networkcomputing.com/wireless-
infrastructure/3-emerging-wlan-trends-2017/2057356947
• https://www.pastemagazine.com/articles/2017/01/5-
smartphone-trends-in-2017-to-look-out-for.html
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dwhF7rF52BY