The document discusses participatory action research (PAR) and community organizing as tools for community development and empowerment. It describes PAR as a process of working with communities to identify and prioritize their problems, set goals to solve issues, take action, and evaluate outcomes. The key principles are that the process is led by the community for the community's benefit. The document also covers methods for conducting a community health assessment, including defining objectives, collecting demographic, socioeconomic, health, and resource data, analyzing problems, and identifying community health nursing issues.