Week 3

1. Week 3 Additional information to
help with Interactive Case Study
Please review this information to help
prepare in answer the questions for the
interactive case study.

2. Case study for Jadine
• Each weekly interactive case study will have
several multiple choice questions at the
outset. These are automatically graded.
• Choose your answers carefully as some result
in negative points.
• So, think carefully before selecting.
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3. Interactive Case study
• Please see the helpful hints in document
sharing as well.
• Once you have completed the quiz then you
will need to complete the information that
follows that leads to the final project
template.
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4. Introduction – For the final project and any
other APA papers
• Please include an introduction to describe for
the reader what you will be including in your
paper. It is a great way to outline the key
requirements and expectations for the
assignment. In scholarly writing it is
important to include the introduction to
provide the reader with a lens for
understanding what will be presented in your
application paper.
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5. Purpose and Nature of the Instrument
• Stated Purpose
– Use complete sentences. Also, provide more detail
about the purposes outlined in the various articles
you were to review
• Description of Test, Items, and Scoring
– Describe the items and subscales of the assessment.
For example, describe the items and each subscale to
demonstrate how items are used to measure the
construct. Describe how items are answered and then
describe how the items are scored.
• Uses in Counseling
– Provide more detail about how the instrument is used
from the various articles you were to review.
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6. Technical Considerations
• Normative sample
– A norm normative sample is selected from the
general population to determine what is “normal” in
that population. Include information about the
sample such as socioeconomic backgrounds, disability
statuses, and races etc. to describe the selection
process and how participants were selected.
• Reliability
– Provide detail of the how reliability was established.
Also provide reliability coefficient. These are
measured between zero and 1. A coefficient of 0.9 or
more indicates a high degree of reliability.
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7. Technical Considerations
• Validity
– Describe various types of validity (i.e., content,
construct, and criterion-related) that are addressed
for the instrument and any threats to validity.
Provide the correlation coefficient or Cronbach alpha
scores.
• Generalizability
– Explain how the results of the study were applied to
larger populations. Otherwise describe limitation that
studies found with applied to a larger populations
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8. More about Validity
• Validity defined: what does the instrument
measure and how well it does so
• Informs counselor when it is appropriate to
use instrument and what can be inferred from
results
• Reliability is a prerequisite for validity
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9. Validity in our case study
• The initial assessment process with Jadine
begins with an intake interview and the
mental status examination.
• Questions to ask when you are considering
the validity:
– Does this instrument have face validity? Does it
appear to measure what it is intended to
measure?
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10. Validity in our case study
• Mental status examination is a brief,
organized interview that assesses a client’s
emotional, intellectual and neurological
functioning.
• The Intake Interview helps us to collect
relevant information about a client’s history
and background. We can find out about past
events and seek to determine whether those
events are affecting current events.
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11. Validity continued
• So, when you are asked about validity in the
case study for Jadine, you need to consider
which instruments are being used.
• For non-standardized assessments such as the
intake interview and/or mental status
examination – determining whether these
have face validity might help in making a
statement about validity.
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12. Validity of the instrument you are using…
• For all of the instruments that are used with
Jadine… reliability and validity information can
usually be found on the test developer or test
publishers’ website.
• It can also be found in the technical manual
for most instruments.
• Checking an instrument’s validity is part of the
test selection process.
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13. Conclusion Paragraph for APA papers and the
final project
• A paragraph should be included which
summarized what you included in your paper.
You should outline the salient points that you
have made and include how this information
will impact your future practice as a
counselor. The conclusion is a way for you to
reinforce the points you were attempting to
make as well as ensure that you have covered
all the expectations for the assignment.
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14. Reference page
• In a real-world assessment report – references
are not included… and there is not a reference
page included for the interactive case studies.
• But for the final project – please include the
references used.
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15. Reference page final project
• The references should match the sources
listed in the in-text citations. There should not
be any references that were not listed in the
body of the document as well as none missing
that were used in the body of the document.
Remember, the word “Reference” should be
on the first line of page used for the
reference. It should be centered and bold as
well.
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16. Reference page final project
• Please see pages 180-224 in the APA 6th edition
manual for extensive details on how to make a
reference page. Or, please see the information
provided by the writing center in the three
following links: (a) Reference List (General)
http://writingcenter.waldenu.edu/353.htm, (b)
Common Reference List Examples
http://writingcenter.waldenu.edu/36.htm, and
(c) Citing Electronic References – Use of doi
http://writingcenter.waldenu.edu/355.htm
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