science, earth spheres connected

2. EARTH
SPHERES
Explain that the Earth consists of four subsystems,
across whose boundaries matter and energy flow.
By: Teacher GLAIZA V. ABUCAY

3. •"It's all
connected" is one
of Manifest's
biggest lines

6. G E S H E E

7. G E O S P H E R E

8. O S R E

9. B I O S P H E R E

10. T O P E E

11. T M O S P H E R E
A

12. D O P H R E
Y

13. D R O S P H E R E
Y
H

14. Y P H R E
C

15. R Y O S P H E R E
C

17. •The thin, life-giving
gaseous envelope of
Earth.
•Its composition is
divided into major
components and the
variable components.
ATMOSPHERE

18. • Major Components:
- gaseous
compounds nitrogen and
oxygen along with the
trace gases.
- provides the air
that people breathe and
trap the outgoing
infrared radiation to
keep Earth warm.
ATMOSPHERE

19. ATMOSPHERE
• Variable Components:
- Water vapor is the source of all
clouds and precipitation.
-Dust act as surfaces where water
can condense (group together), forming
clouds from which water droplets can grow
large and fall to the ground as snow or
rain. Without dust, you could not have
clouds or fog.
-ozone is another variable
component of atmosphere that protects
Earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation of
the sun.

21. Layer Major Features
Exosphere Upper limit of the atmosphere
separating Earth and space.
Thermosphere It is the area of aurora and satellites.
Mesosphere
Region where meteors usually burn up
and become “shooting stars”
Stratosphere
Location of ozone layer which absorbs
and scatters the solar ultraviolet
radiation.
Troposphere Densest part. Almost all-weather types
are in this region.
5 Layers of the Atmosphere

22. • Associated with solid portions of
the Earth.
• It includes the continental and
oceanic crust and all other layers
of the Earth's interior.
• This includes all rocks, sediments
and soils, surface landforms and
the processes that shape the
Earth's surface.
• 94% of the solid Earth is made up
of the following elements: oxygen,
iron, silicon, and magnesium.
GEOSPHERE

23. •Except for the crust,
no one has ever
explored these layers
in person. In fact, the
deepest humans have
ever drilled is just over
12 kilometers (7.6
miles). And even that
took 20 years!
FUN FACT!!!

24. Layers of the Earth
CRUST
• This is the layers on which you stand
on.
• All the mountain, jungles and oceans
you know are carried on this layer.
• It is the thinnest layer of the four
layers.
• This layer is 70 Km thick on the land,
and 5 Km thick at some ocean floors.
• The crust is mostly composed of silica,
alumina, lime, magnesia, and iron
oxide (rust).

25. Layers of the Earth
MANTLE
• It is 3,000 Km in thickness. It is mostly made
of silicate rocks rich in magnesium and iron.
• This layer is not a perfectly solid. At some
locations, the rock is completely melted,
which is called magma.
• When this magma reaches near the crust, it
erupts as Lava from the volcanoes.
• In this layer, rocks are in constant motion.
They rise and sink due to internal heat from
the core, and set up the convective currents.
• These convective currents also cause the
tectonic plates to move and crash into each
other causing earthquakes.

26. Layers of the Earth
OUTER CORE
• This layer of the Earth is in a liquid state at a
temperature of 5000 C. This layer is mostly
made of iron and nickel. Both of these two
metal are in a liquid state due to intense
heat.
• The outer core is always in constant
circulatory motion, which creates a magnetic
field around the Earth.
• Without this layers, our Earth couldn’t have a
magnetic field. Without this magnetic field,
our Earth could never have atmosphere,
oceans, and life.

27. Layers of the Earth
INNER CORE
• This is the hottest layer of the Earth,
reaching a temperature of 7000 C; much
hotter than the surface of the Sun.
• It is also composed of iron and nickel
metal. But, this layer is in the solid state.
• Despite the fact that, it is the hottest
part of the Earth. This is because the
inner core is under tremendous pressure
due to the weight of the other layers.

29. • associated with water in the liquid
state, which covers about 70% of the
Earth's surface.
• Most liquid water is found in the
oceans.
• Our Hydrosphere gives Earth a distinct
appearance as a blue marble and
separates us from other planets in the
solar system.
• Only a small portion of the Earth's
water is freshwater, found in rivers,
lakes, and groundwater.
HYDROSPHERE

30. • Water is necessary for
sustaining life on Earth and
helps connect the Earth's
systems.
• Precipitation, evaporation,
freezing and melting and
condensation are all part of
the hydrological cycle (AKA
water cycle)- a never-ending
global process of water
circulation from clouds to land,
to the ocean, and back to the
clouds.
HYDROSPHERE

32. BIOSPHERE
• The biological component
of Earth.
• It includes all of the
microbes, plants, and
animals that can be found
in 1 km above the sea level
down to the deepest parts
of the oceans.
• It extends to any place
where life of any kind
might exist.

33. • Under the biosphere is the
anthroposhere or the human sphere.
• It includes the part of Earth that has
been modified by humans.
• The biosphere is characterized as an
area that contains all living
organisms and the products of their
activities.
• As a result, it plays a critical role in
the maintenance of ecosystems,
i.e., the existence of species and
their reciprocal interactions.
BIOSPHERE

35. CRYOSPHERE
• contains the frozen parts of the
planet.
• It includes snow and ice on land, ice
caps, glaciers, permafrost, and sea
ice.
• This sphere helps maintain Earth’s
climate by reflecting incoming solar
radiation back into space.
• As the world warms due to increasing
greenhouse gases being added to the
atmosphere by humans, the snow and
ice are melting.

37. Categorize your observations

38. Observation: a bird flew from one branch to another
Bird breathes
oxygen from the air
Bird needs
water to survive

39. For example: a bird flew from one branch to another
Bird breathes
oxygen from
the air
Bird needs
water to survive
The bird’s habitat (tree)
grows in the soil
The bird and tree
require sunlight

40. What can you conclude?
Bird breathes
oxygen from
the air
Bird needs
water to survive
The bird’s habitat (tree)
grows in the soil
The bird and tree
require sunlight