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Weathering 6th Grade Science
I. Changing Surface A. Weathering - Breaks down things on surface 	1. Mechanical- Physical Process i. Freeze/Thaw 	ii. Pressure 	iii. Life 	iv. Abrasion
2. Chemical i. Water - Dissolves ii. Oxygen – Rusting iii. Carbon Dioxide – Acid Rain iv. Living Organisms – Produce acids
B. Erosion Removal of things from surface
C. Rates 1. Type of Rock i. Permeable (dissolves in water) ii. Impermeable (resists water removal) 2. Climate
II. Soil A. Parts 1. Soil – Loose, weathered material 2. Bedrock – Solid rock (below soil) B. Composition Rock, Minerals, Decayed material (Humus), water, air C. Size 		      1. Clay – Smooth, but holds too much water and little air 		      2. Silt 		      3. Sand 		      4. Gravel – Holds no water 		      5. Loam = Equal parts of all four (best for most plants)
D. Formation Horizon = Different layer of soil i. A = Topsoil (humus, clay, minerals) ii. B = Subsoil (clay) iii. C = Gravel 2. Changes based on weather and type of rock 3. Types i. Prairie – (Mild temp and rain) 		ii. Tropical– Too much rain washes away 		iii. Desert – Not enough plants to make soil
E. Life 1. Litter = Fallen plant materials 2. Decomposers = Covert litter to humus 3. Mix soil nutrients
III. Conservation A. Damage Loss of nutrients – One crop fields B. Loss of topsoil
C. Conservation 1. Contour Plowing – Follow curves of soil 2. Conservation Plowing – Least soil disruption 3. Crop rotation – Different crops each year

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Weathering

  • 2. I. Changing Surface A. Weathering - Breaks down things on surface 1. Mechanical- Physical Process i. Freeze/Thaw ii. Pressure iii. Life iv. Abrasion
  • 3. 2. Chemical i. Water - Dissolves ii. Oxygen – Rusting iii. Carbon Dioxide – Acid Rain iv. Living Organisms – Produce acids
  • 4. B. Erosion Removal of things from surface
  • 5. C. Rates 1. Type of Rock i. Permeable (dissolves in water) ii. Impermeable (resists water removal) 2. Climate
  • 6. II. Soil A. Parts 1. Soil – Loose, weathered material 2. Bedrock – Solid rock (below soil) B. Composition Rock, Minerals, Decayed material (Humus), water, air C. Size 1. Clay – Smooth, but holds too much water and little air 2. Silt 3. Sand 4. Gravel – Holds no water 5. Loam = Equal parts of all four (best for most plants)
  • 7. D. Formation Horizon = Different layer of soil i. A = Topsoil (humus, clay, minerals) ii. B = Subsoil (clay) iii. C = Gravel 2. Changes based on weather and type of rock 3. Types i. Prairie – (Mild temp and rain) ii. Tropical– Too much rain washes away iii. Desert – Not enough plants to make soil
  • 8.
  • 9. E. Life 1. Litter = Fallen plant materials 2. Decomposers = Covert litter to humus 3. Mix soil nutrients
  • 10. III. Conservation A. Damage Loss of nutrients – One crop fields B. Loss of topsoil
  • 11. C. Conservation 1. Contour Plowing – Follow curves of soil 2. Conservation Plowing – Least soil disruption 3. Crop rotation – Different crops each year