This presentation made by me for student exchange program selection in my university, unfortunately i didnt pass it, so I hope it can be useful for others :)
This document summarizes key issues related to water and health in India. It notes that groundwater is a major water source but is often polluted by chemicals and microbes from industrial, agricultural, and domestic waste. This pollution leads to many waterborne diseases. Specific problems discussed include high levels of fluoride, arsenic, and chromium from industrial pollution that cause health impacts. Untreated sewage and poor sanitation also contribute significantly to water pollution and public health issues. Local solutions discussed include reviving traditional water bodies and improving water management, treatment, and hygiene practices.
This document discusses issues related to water and sanitation in India. It notes that about 70% of the population lacks basic sanitation and access to safe drinking water, which costs India about 6.4% of its GDP annually. Several solutions are proposed, including seeking new water sources, reducing demand, recycling water, and improving sanitation through community-led programs. However, challenges remain in changing behaviors, ensuring access for all, and proper treatment of wastewater. Overall implementation will require increased infrastructure, education, community management, and addressing open defecation and lack of toilet use.
Auro Aquasafe is a powder that removes contaminants like arsenic, iron, fluoride, bacteria, and viruses from water. It can treat various types of contaminated water sources. The powder works by using coagulation and flocculation processes to remove over 99% of contaminants. Its use can reduce child mortality, malnutrition, and the burden on women and girls who fetch water. It is suitable for integration with oral rehydration programs and HIV/AIDS initiatives.
1. The study evaluated the impact of an automated chlorination technology called Chlorun on providing safe drinking water in a rural Indian village called Namiligonda.
2. Baseline water quality testing found the village's surface water source to be highly contaminated with fecal coliform. Traditional intermittent chlorine treatment was unable to consistently disinfect the water.
3. The Chlorun system was installed to provide continuous 24/7 chlorination. Post-installation testing found E. coli was eliminated from the water during the study period and residual chlorine levels of 0.5 parts per million were maintained.
4. Health outcomes like incidence of diarrhea, weight gain in children, and hygiene
Future Watch Report - India 2017, part V: Environment, access to drinking waterTeam Finland Future Watch
Future Watch - Signals from India –series opens up seven identified key trends that affect the future of India in various levels. The signals are driving a change in society, culture and economy and, at the same time, opening new opportunities for businesses. The fifth part of the signal series is #Environment - access to drinking water.
Following key trends to be published soon in Signals from India –series:
#Work for All: and required skills
#Accessible and precision heath care for all, new innovations
#Women empowerment, growing role of women
#Elected dictatorship - win or lose for the country
#Environment - access to drinking water
#Ethics of AI
#Change in family fabric – social isolation, insecure individuals
1. The document discusses the water treatment process at the Durgapur Municipal Corporation water treatment plant in Angadpur. It involves 7 stages: screening, prechlorination, aeration, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection.
2. Key steps include adding aluminum sulfate and polyelectrolyte to form flocs, sedimentation to remove flocs, sand filtration, and chlorination for disinfection. Additional steps are aeration, pH adjustment with lime, and post-chlorination before distribution.
3. The water treatment plant, pumping stations, and distribution network were installed in two phases to supply water to Durgapur town.
Waste water purification using cnstructed wetlandsAglaia Connect
This document discusses waste water purification using constructed wetlands. It begins by explaining that improper waste water disposal pollutes water bodies and harms organisms. Constructed wetlands are proposed as an effective tertiary treatment for domestic waste water. Constructed wetlands are artificial shallow wetland systems with plants that naturally treat waste water through processes like sedimentation, filtration, and microbial digestion. They have advantages over conventional treatment in being lower cost and more sustainable while effectively removing pollutants. The document outlines the types, processes, advantages and some challenges of constructed wetland waste water treatment.
This document summarizes key issues related to water and health in India. It notes that groundwater is a major water source but is often polluted by chemicals and microbes from industrial, agricultural, and domestic waste. This pollution leads to many waterborne diseases. Specific problems discussed include high levels of fluoride, arsenic, and chromium from industrial pollution that cause health impacts. Untreated sewage and poor sanitation also contribute significantly to water pollution and public health issues. Local solutions discussed include reviving traditional water bodies and improving water management, treatment, and hygiene practices.
This document discusses issues related to water and sanitation in India. It notes that about 70% of the population lacks basic sanitation and access to safe drinking water, which costs India about 6.4% of its GDP annually. Several solutions are proposed, including seeking new water sources, reducing demand, recycling water, and improving sanitation through community-led programs. However, challenges remain in changing behaviors, ensuring access for all, and proper treatment of wastewater. Overall implementation will require increased infrastructure, education, community management, and addressing open defecation and lack of toilet use.
Auro Aquasafe is a powder that removes contaminants like arsenic, iron, fluoride, bacteria, and viruses from water. It can treat various types of contaminated water sources. The powder works by using coagulation and flocculation processes to remove over 99% of contaminants. Its use can reduce child mortality, malnutrition, and the burden on women and girls who fetch water. It is suitable for integration with oral rehydration programs and HIV/AIDS initiatives.
1. The study evaluated the impact of an automated chlorination technology called Chlorun on providing safe drinking water in a rural Indian village called Namiligonda.
2. Baseline water quality testing found the village's surface water source to be highly contaminated with fecal coliform. Traditional intermittent chlorine treatment was unable to consistently disinfect the water.
3. The Chlorun system was installed to provide continuous 24/7 chlorination. Post-installation testing found E. coli was eliminated from the water during the study period and residual chlorine levels of 0.5 parts per million were maintained.
4. Health outcomes like incidence of diarrhea, weight gain in children, and hygiene
Future Watch Report - India 2017, part V: Environment, access to drinking waterTeam Finland Future Watch
Future Watch - Signals from India –series opens up seven identified key trends that affect the future of India in various levels. The signals are driving a change in society, culture and economy and, at the same time, opening new opportunities for businesses. The fifth part of the signal series is #Environment - access to drinking water.
Following key trends to be published soon in Signals from India –series:
#Work for All: and required skills
#Accessible and precision heath care for all, new innovations
#Women empowerment, growing role of women
#Elected dictatorship - win or lose for the country
#Environment - access to drinking water
#Ethics of AI
#Change in family fabric – social isolation, insecure individuals
1. The document discusses the water treatment process at the Durgapur Municipal Corporation water treatment plant in Angadpur. It involves 7 stages: screening, prechlorination, aeration, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection.
2. Key steps include adding aluminum sulfate and polyelectrolyte to form flocs, sedimentation to remove flocs, sand filtration, and chlorination for disinfection. Additional steps are aeration, pH adjustment with lime, and post-chlorination before distribution.
3. The water treatment plant, pumping stations, and distribution network were installed in two phases to supply water to Durgapur town.
Waste water purification using cnstructed wetlandsAglaia Connect
This document discusses waste water purification using constructed wetlands. It begins by explaining that improper waste water disposal pollutes water bodies and harms organisms. Constructed wetlands are proposed as an effective tertiary treatment for domestic waste water. Constructed wetlands are artificial shallow wetland systems with plants that naturally treat waste water through processes like sedimentation, filtration, and microbial digestion. They have advantages over conventional treatment in being lower cost and more sustainable while effectively removing pollutants. The document outlines the types, processes, advantages and some challenges of constructed wetland waste water treatment.
Know the reasons for the deteriorating water quality and how KENT water purifiers with advanced technology can help in water purification retaining the essential minerals.
The presentation discusses India's water crisis, where availability of water is less than the demand and people lack access to fresh drinking water and sanitation. Water resources are becoming scarce due to chemical pollution and environmental degradation. It emphasizes saving water by being careful in domestic use and establishing rules for industries, as only 1% of water on Earth is available and a crisis will worsen without conservation efforts. The presentation was given by A.J. Sonone, a student at Symbiosis Institute of Geoinformatics.
In this section, we survey how New Energy science is helping us to cheaply and cleanly desalinate sea water, as well as to purify wastewater on the other end of the circuit.
Recycled sewage undergoes a 7-barrier purification process to become safe drinking water through microfiltration, reverse osmosis, advanced oxidation, and other treatments. This purified recycled water meets strict health standards and is blended into dams for additional water treatment before distribution. Recycling sewage through this process provides a sustainable water source for South East Queensland and reduces reliance on rainfall amid climate change and population growth. The multi-stage treatment is highly effective at removing pathogens and trace chemicals to make the water safe for drinking.
The document discusses various issues related to water scarcity and pollution in India. It provides statistics showing that India has 16% of the world's population but only 4% of its fresh water resources. It also notes that over-extraction of groundwater is depleting water tables, and both surface and groundwater sources are becoming polluted. Several challenges are discussed, including inadequate water infrastructure, lack of integrated management, pollution from industries and agriculture, and climate change impacts. Solutions proposed include improved conservation efforts, water recycling technologies, afforestation, and inter-linking of rivers.
The document discusses different types of water, including drinking water, hard water, soft water, mineral water, sparkling water, bottled water, spring water, reverse osmosis water, artesian water, boiled water, rain water, distilled water, and de-ionized water. Each type is defined and popular brand names are provided as examples. The types of water range from tap water and hard water high in minerals to processed waters like distilled, reverse osmosis, and de-ionized water that undergo filtration to remove contaminants.
Do we need clean lakes or polluted lakesrrnagaricare
The document discusses pollution issues affecting a lake in Rajarajeshwarinagar, India. Sewage was allowed to mix with rainwater and drain into the lake during its rejuvenation. This caused high levels of nitrates and phosphates in groundwater, and an outbreak of diseases. Analyses found that sewage water percolating from the lake was the root cause of pollution. Allowing sewage mixing was questioned as the wrong decision, as pollution makes water unfit for use and caused cattle deaths from nitrate toxicity. Reducing pollution from sources like fertilizers and sewage is important to protect lake ecology and public health.
The document discusses issues with plastic water bottles including their large carbon footprint to produce and transport, most ending up in landfills rather than being recycled, and their production requiring unsustainable amounts of water from aquifers. Plastic bottles also take hundreds of years to degrade in nature.
Only 84% of Indians have access to safe drinking water, and water-related issues are a major problem in both rural and urban areas. The key causes of water issues include lack of access to toilets and sanitation, water pollution from industrial and agricultural waste, and poor infrastructure for water supply and waste management. The document proposes a solution of establishing youth volunteer programs based around colleges to improve access to clean water, sanitation, and hygiene through activities like building toilets, maintaining water infrastructure, educating communities, and monitoring and reporting on issues. Funding would come from various levels of government as well as community contributions.
This document provides an overview of water quality and safety. It discusses the importance of drinking water, recommended daily water intake amounts, potential water contaminants including bacteria, chemicals, and minerals, and sources of drinking water like tap, well, bottled, and public water systems. It also covers water treatment methods, potential health effects of contaminants, and maintaining water system infrastructure.
This document discusses water conservation and rainwater harvesting. It provides tips for conserving water in agriculture, industrial, and domestic uses. Some key tips include using covered canals and drip irrigation in agriculture, recycling wastewater in industries, and taking shorter showers and only watering lawns when needed for domestic use. The document also discusses the benefits of rainwater harvesting such as replenishing groundwater, providing clean water, and reducing flooding. It lists various rainwater harvesting techniques and their advantages, such as self-sufficiency in water supply and reducing costs of pumping groundwater.
The document summarizes water pollution issues in Pakistan. It finds that over 70% of water samples tested in 13 districts, including Karachi, were found to be unfit for human consumption due to bacterial contamination, high turbidity, and excessive dissolved solids, hardness, sodium, and chlorine. The main sources of water pollution are identified as municipal sewage, industrial waste from various industries like textiles and fertilizers, and agricultural runoff of fertilizers and pesticides. The effects of water pollution on human health include increased mortality and diseases like diarrhea. Solutions proposed include better enforcement of environmental laws, upgrading water treatment facilities, reducing agricultural and industrial runoff, and increasing public awareness.
Control the amount of essential natural minerals present in drinking water and enhances the drinking water standard with the help of Kent Water Purifier.
Water pollution is a major problem in Pakistan. According to the presentation, 80% of Pakistan's population uses unsafe drinking water due to scarce access to clean sources. Both surface and groundwater sources throughout the country are contaminated by coliform bacteria, toxic metals, and pesticides. The main causes of water pollution in Pakistan include improper sewage disposal and treatment, industrial waste, agricultural runoff, and dumping of garbage. Solutions proposed include improving sewage infrastructure, regulating industrial waste treatment, educating the public, enacting stronger laws, and building more dams to increase water storage capacity and manage seasonal flows.
This document discusses water conservation and management. It provides tips for saving water at home, such as turning off taps while brushing teeth, only running dishwashers and washing machines with full loads, and fixing leaks quickly. It also discusses laws and regulations around drinking water standards and classifications. Further, it outlines measures for sustainable urban growth, collecting rainwater, and monitoring water levels and drainage.
This document provides information about the Narmada Bachao Andolan (NBA) movement against the construction of large dams on the Narmada River in India. The NBA, led by Medha Patkar, mobilized farmers, tribal people, environmentalists and human rights activists starting in 1985 to protest the Sardar Sarovar Dam project. They argue it will displace over 250,000 people and damage the environment and livelihoods. While proponents say it will provide electricity and water, the NBA advocates for alternative technologies with less environmental and social impacts. The movement gained international support and used protests, hunger strikes and media coverage to pressure decision makers.
Florida DEP Indirect Potable & Direct Potable Reuse presentation 10 sep12Terrance (Terry) Keep
This is a good presentation to better understand the rationale of using purified wastewater as a sustainable and saleable source of freshwater. It also describes the Business Case, two Case Studies and the treatment technologies involved.
Indonesia faces significant water issues, with over 50 million people lacking access to toilets and 27 million lacking access to safe water. Water pollution is also a major problem, as 75% of rivers are seriously polluted due to sewage, garbage, and industrial waste being discharged directly into waterways. This leads to widespread water-borne diseases and economic impacts. Potential solutions include improving sanitation systems, educating citizens about hygiene, recycling water, and increasing government regulation and funding to address pollution.
The document discusses issues related to drinking water and sanitation in India. It notes that about 70% of the population lacks basic sanitation and 226 million people lack access to safe drinking water. Some of the proposed solutions discussed include seeking new water sources, reducing demand from agriculture/industry, recycling grey water, and implementing low-cost sanitation systems with community involvement. The solutions could help provide access to clean drinking water and sanitation for many but also face challenges like social acceptance and proper treatment of wastewater. Mitigation strategies and continued education efforts are needed.
The document summarizes topics related to environmental engineering studies at Universitas Airlangga, including:
- An overview of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for water supply and sanitation by 2030.
- Indonesia's governance structure from the national level down to villages.
- Population statistics and government programs for water supply, sanitation, solid waste management, and wastewater management.
- Regulations and systems for drinking water supply networks, non-piped systems, and management of solid waste in Indonesia.
Consumers' willingness to pay for improved water services in ilorin metropoli...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that assessed consumers' willingness to pay for improved water services in Ilorin, Nigeria. Key findings include:
- The mean willingness to pay of households for improved water services was 1023.18 naira. Age, education, and price significantly influenced willingness to pay.
- Access to potable water was estimated at 58% in urban areas of Kwara state but only 12% in rural areas. Water infrastructure was poorly maintained.
- There is a large "water gap" in Kwara state between available water and needs, which must be addressed to meet Millennium Development Goals for water access.
Know the reasons for the deteriorating water quality and how KENT water purifiers with advanced technology can help in water purification retaining the essential minerals.
The presentation discusses India's water crisis, where availability of water is less than the demand and people lack access to fresh drinking water and sanitation. Water resources are becoming scarce due to chemical pollution and environmental degradation. It emphasizes saving water by being careful in domestic use and establishing rules for industries, as only 1% of water on Earth is available and a crisis will worsen without conservation efforts. The presentation was given by A.J. Sonone, a student at Symbiosis Institute of Geoinformatics.
In this section, we survey how New Energy science is helping us to cheaply and cleanly desalinate sea water, as well as to purify wastewater on the other end of the circuit.
Recycled sewage undergoes a 7-barrier purification process to become safe drinking water through microfiltration, reverse osmosis, advanced oxidation, and other treatments. This purified recycled water meets strict health standards and is blended into dams for additional water treatment before distribution. Recycling sewage through this process provides a sustainable water source for South East Queensland and reduces reliance on rainfall amid climate change and population growth. The multi-stage treatment is highly effective at removing pathogens and trace chemicals to make the water safe for drinking.
The document discusses various issues related to water scarcity and pollution in India. It provides statistics showing that India has 16% of the world's population but only 4% of its fresh water resources. It also notes that over-extraction of groundwater is depleting water tables, and both surface and groundwater sources are becoming polluted. Several challenges are discussed, including inadequate water infrastructure, lack of integrated management, pollution from industries and agriculture, and climate change impacts. Solutions proposed include improved conservation efforts, water recycling technologies, afforestation, and inter-linking of rivers.
The document discusses different types of water, including drinking water, hard water, soft water, mineral water, sparkling water, bottled water, spring water, reverse osmosis water, artesian water, boiled water, rain water, distilled water, and de-ionized water. Each type is defined and popular brand names are provided as examples. The types of water range from tap water and hard water high in minerals to processed waters like distilled, reverse osmosis, and de-ionized water that undergo filtration to remove contaminants.
Do we need clean lakes or polluted lakesrrnagaricare
The document discusses pollution issues affecting a lake in Rajarajeshwarinagar, India. Sewage was allowed to mix with rainwater and drain into the lake during its rejuvenation. This caused high levels of nitrates and phosphates in groundwater, and an outbreak of diseases. Analyses found that sewage water percolating from the lake was the root cause of pollution. Allowing sewage mixing was questioned as the wrong decision, as pollution makes water unfit for use and caused cattle deaths from nitrate toxicity. Reducing pollution from sources like fertilizers and sewage is important to protect lake ecology and public health.
The document discusses issues with plastic water bottles including their large carbon footprint to produce and transport, most ending up in landfills rather than being recycled, and their production requiring unsustainable amounts of water from aquifers. Plastic bottles also take hundreds of years to degrade in nature.
Only 84% of Indians have access to safe drinking water, and water-related issues are a major problem in both rural and urban areas. The key causes of water issues include lack of access to toilets and sanitation, water pollution from industrial and agricultural waste, and poor infrastructure for water supply and waste management. The document proposes a solution of establishing youth volunteer programs based around colleges to improve access to clean water, sanitation, and hygiene through activities like building toilets, maintaining water infrastructure, educating communities, and monitoring and reporting on issues. Funding would come from various levels of government as well as community contributions.
This document provides an overview of water quality and safety. It discusses the importance of drinking water, recommended daily water intake amounts, potential water contaminants including bacteria, chemicals, and minerals, and sources of drinking water like tap, well, bottled, and public water systems. It also covers water treatment methods, potential health effects of contaminants, and maintaining water system infrastructure.
This document discusses water conservation and rainwater harvesting. It provides tips for conserving water in agriculture, industrial, and domestic uses. Some key tips include using covered canals and drip irrigation in agriculture, recycling wastewater in industries, and taking shorter showers and only watering lawns when needed for domestic use. The document also discusses the benefits of rainwater harvesting such as replenishing groundwater, providing clean water, and reducing flooding. It lists various rainwater harvesting techniques and their advantages, such as self-sufficiency in water supply and reducing costs of pumping groundwater.
The document summarizes water pollution issues in Pakistan. It finds that over 70% of water samples tested in 13 districts, including Karachi, were found to be unfit for human consumption due to bacterial contamination, high turbidity, and excessive dissolved solids, hardness, sodium, and chlorine. The main sources of water pollution are identified as municipal sewage, industrial waste from various industries like textiles and fertilizers, and agricultural runoff of fertilizers and pesticides. The effects of water pollution on human health include increased mortality and diseases like diarrhea. Solutions proposed include better enforcement of environmental laws, upgrading water treatment facilities, reducing agricultural and industrial runoff, and increasing public awareness.
Control the amount of essential natural minerals present in drinking water and enhances the drinking water standard with the help of Kent Water Purifier.
Water pollution is a major problem in Pakistan. According to the presentation, 80% of Pakistan's population uses unsafe drinking water due to scarce access to clean sources. Both surface and groundwater sources throughout the country are contaminated by coliform bacteria, toxic metals, and pesticides. The main causes of water pollution in Pakistan include improper sewage disposal and treatment, industrial waste, agricultural runoff, and dumping of garbage. Solutions proposed include improving sewage infrastructure, regulating industrial waste treatment, educating the public, enacting stronger laws, and building more dams to increase water storage capacity and manage seasonal flows.
This document discusses water conservation and management. It provides tips for saving water at home, such as turning off taps while brushing teeth, only running dishwashers and washing machines with full loads, and fixing leaks quickly. It also discusses laws and regulations around drinking water standards and classifications. Further, it outlines measures for sustainable urban growth, collecting rainwater, and monitoring water levels and drainage.
This document provides information about the Narmada Bachao Andolan (NBA) movement against the construction of large dams on the Narmada River in India. The NBA, led by Medha Patkar, mobilized farmers, tribal people, environmentalists and human rights activists starting in 1985 to protest the Sardar Sarovar Dam project. They argue it will displace over 250,000 people and damage the environment and livelihoods. While proponents say it will provide electricity and water, the NBA advocates for alternative technologies with less environmental and social impacts. The movement gained international support and used protests, hunger strikes and media coverage to pressure decision makers.
Florida DEP Indirect Potable & Direct Potable Reuse presentation 10 sep12Terrance (Terry) Keep
This is a good presentation to better understand the rationale of using purified wastewater as a sustainable and saleable source of freshwater. It also describes the Business Case, two Case Studies and the treatment technologies involved.
Indonesia faces significant water issues, with over 50 million people lacking access to toilets and 27 million lacking access to safe water. Water pollution is also a major problem, as 75% of rivers are seriously polluted due to sewage, garbage, and industrial waste being discharged directly into waterways. This leads to widespread water-borne diseases and economic impacts. Potential solutions include improving sanitation systems, educating citizens about hygiene, recycling water, and increasing government regulation and funding to address pollution.
The document discusses issues related to drinking water and sanitation in India. It notes that about 70% of the population lacks basic sanitation and 226 million people lack access to safe drinking water. Some of the proposed solutions discussed include seeking new water sources, reducing demand from agriculture/industry, recycling grey water, and implementing low-cost sanitation systems with community involvement. The solutions could help provide access to clean drinking water and sanitation for many but also face challenges like social acceptance and proper treatment of wastewater. Mitigation strategies and continued education efforts are needed.
The document summarizes topics related to environmental engineering studies at Universitas Airlangga, including:
- An overview of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for water supply and sanitation by 2030.
- Indonesia's governance structure from the national level down to villages.
- Population statistics and government programs for water supply, sanitation, solid waste management, and wastewater management.
- Regulations and systems for drinking water supply networks, non-piped systems, and management of solid waste in Indonesia.
Consumers' willingness to pay for improved water services in ilorin metropoli...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that assessed consumers' willingness to pay for improved water services in Ilorin, Nigeria. Key findings include:
- The mean willingness to pay of households for improved water services was 1023.18 naira. Age, education, and price significantly influenced willingness to pay.
- Access to potable water was estimated at 58% in urban areas of Kwara state but only 12% in rural areas. Water infrastructure was poorly maintained.
- There is a large "water gap" in Kwara state between available water and needs, which must be addressed to meet Millennium Development Goals for water access.
This document describes a thesis that proposes developing an automated non-sewage wastewater treatment facility using Moringa oleifera seeds. It discusses how water scarcity is a growing problem due to population growth, climate change, and other factors. Moringa oleifera seeds show potential as a natural and low-cost method for purifying wastewater by reducing turbidity, pH levels, and bacteria. The thesis aims to fabricate such a facility and evaluate its ability to improve various physio-chemical and bacteriological characteristics of wastewater, as well as the performance efficiencies of the treatment processes involved.
Urban India faces a water crisis, with only 51% of daily water needs met by public supply on average. Most of the sewage generated is released untreated, amounting to 70% of sewage or 62000 MLD. This causes health and environmental issues. To address this, the document proposes shifting to a circular water system where wastewater is treated and resources like water and energy are recovered from sludge through technologies like sludge to energy. This can achieve significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, as seen in a case study of Bengaluru where a sludge to energy scenario could achieve a 99% reduction in emissions by 2035. However, implementing such systems faces challenges of lack of coordination between different ministries and
In NIT Calicut there is an increasing need to meet growing water demands. There are about 5000 students in the college. There are fourteen departments and thirteen hostels in the campus. A lot of water is being misused both in the academic and residential campus which can be effectively managed and conserved.
IRJET- Assessment of Drinking Water Quality Parameters in Mullaghori Khyb...IRJET Journal
This study assessed the drinking water quality in Mullaghori, Khyber Agency. Water samples were collected from 5 areas and tested for physical and chemical parameters. Most samples showed color levels higher than WHO and NEQS standards. Alkalinity levels were within standards in most samples but higher levels can cause health issues like nausea and vomiting. While nitrate levels were acceptable, other parameters showed some variation from standards that could impact community health. The study highlights the need for improved water sources and treatment in the remote mountainous region.
The document describes a water purification system called Bundt that was designed for Ethiopia. It aims to address water scarcity and contamination issues by collecting and purifying rainwater for individual homes in Harar, Ethiopia. The low-cost Bundt system funnels rainwater through a clay filter and stores it in a barrel for easy access. It is expected to provide safe drinking water, reduce water scarcity, contribute to the local economy, and be self-sufficient and easy for residents to maintain.
This document discusses water sanitation issues and proposes solutions. It identifies problems like limited access to clean water, water-borne diseases, and deaths caused by unsafe water. Countries with the most severe issues are identified. The document then proposes several improvements that governments and individuals can make, including improving water treatment infrastructure, implementing two-step UV irradiation systems, and establishing household water reuse systems. Challenges of each solution are also discussed along with potential solutions to address those challenges. Overall the document analyzes current water sanitation problems and suggests methods to enhance access to clean water globally.
Sanitation refers to public health conditions related to clean drinking water and adequate treatment and disposal of human excreta and sewage.[1] Preventing human contact with feces is part of sanitation, as is hand washing with soap. Sanitation system aim to protect human health by providing a clean environment that will stop the transmission of disease, especially through the fecal-oral route.[2] For example, diarrhea, a main cause of malnutrition and stunted growth in children, can be reduced through sanitation.[3] There are many other diseases which are easily transmitted in communities that have low levels of sanitation, such as ascariasis (a type of intestinal worm infection or helminthiasis), cholera, hepatitis, polio, schistosomiasis, trachoma, to name just a few.
A range of sanitation technologies and approaches exists. Some examples are community-led total sanitation, container-based sanitation, ecological sanitation, emergency sanitation, environmental sanitation, onsite sanitation and sustainable sanitation. A sanitation system includes the capture, storage, transport, treatment and disposal or reuse of human excreta and wastewater.[4] Reuse activities within the sanitation system may focus on the nutrients, water, energy or organic matter contained in excreta and wastewater. This is referred to as the "sanitation value chain" or "sanitation economy
This document discusses the challenges of sustainable water quality management in rural India. It notes that rural India, which makes up 70% of the population, often lacks interventions to monitor and ensure water quality that are present in major cities. The groundwater that rural India relies on as its main source of drinking water is often contaminated with problems like fluoride, arsenic, iron and salts. Effective water quality management requires redesigning data management systems, upgrading district-level laboratories, and addressing technical, legal and institutional issues. Decentralizing health monitoring at the village level through capacity building is also needed.
This document assesses the log reduction values (LRVs) of conventional water treatment plants using highly polluted surface water sources for drinking water in Bandung City, Indonesia. Microbial testing of the raw water sources found E. coli concentrations exceeding 20,000 MPN/100 ml, categorizing all sources as unsuitable for drinking without treatment. Testing of treatment units at the WTP Badaksinga plant found LRVs ranging from 0.67-1.4 for bacteria/protozoa indicators, and 3.0-3.71 for E. coli and coliform after disinfection. While drinking water was safe from bacteria, additional treatment was likely needed to ensure safety from protozoa like Cryptosporidium
Water quality is a major issue for rural populations in India. While access to drinking water has improved, the quality is often poor, resulting in health problems. Over 700 million rural Indians get their water from over 1.4 million sources, but arsenic, fluoride, and other contaminants affect many habitations. Providing safe drinking water presents enormous challenges given India's diversity and development gaps. Community involvement is key to maintaining water quality through monitoring, hygiene practices, and simple remedial measures.
Drinking water is essential for life but can become contaminated through various sources, posing health risks. Sanitation through hygienic prevention of contact with waste is important for public health. In India, many lack access to clean drinking water and proper sanitation, which can have serious health repercussions like diarrhea, skin diseases, and various infections. The government has undertaken programs to improve rural sanitation and clean water access, but challenges remain in fully achieving these goals.
Drinking water is essential for life but can become contaminated through various sources, posing health risks. Sanitation through hygienic prevention of contact with waste is important for public health. In India, many lack access to clean drinking water and proper sanitation, which can have serious health repercussions like diarrhea, skin diseases, and various infections. The government has undertaken programs to improve rural sanitation and clean water access, but challenges remain in fully achieving these goals.
Drinking water is essential for life but can become contaminated through various sources, posing health risks. Sanitation through hygienic prevention of contact with waste is important for public health. In India, many lack access to clean drinking water and proper sanitation, which can have serious health repercussions like diarrhea, skin diseases, and various infections. The government has undertaken programs to improve rural sanitation and clean water access, but challenges remain in fully achieving these goals.
Drinking water is essential for life but can become contaminated through various sources, posing health risks. Sanitation through hygienic prevention of contact with waste is important for public health. In India, many lack access to clean drinking water and proper sanitation, which can have serious health repercussions like diarrhea, skin diseases, and various infections. The government has undertaken programs to improve rural sanitation and clean water access, but challenges remain in fully achieving these goals.
Drinking water is essential for life but can become contaminated through various sources, posing health risks. Sanitation through hygienic prevention of contact with waste is important for public health. In India, many lack access to clean drinking water and proper sanitation, which can have serious health repercussions like diarrhea, skin diseases, and various infections. The government has undertaken programs to improve rural sanitation and clean water access, but challenges remain in fully achieving these goals.
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
8. More than 70
percent of the
country’s 220 million
population relies on
water obtained from
potentially
contaminated sources
9. The several factors caused degradation of
water resources quality in Indonesia are....
10. Pollution
Indonesia ranks
among the worst
countries in Asia in
sewerage and
sanitation coverage
11. The absence of an established sanitation network forces many
households to rely upon private septic tanks or to dispose of their waste
directly into rivers and canals.
12. Domestic Waste
only 42.8 percent from 51,372,661 houses in
Indonesia have domestic waste treatment