The document discusses the past simple tense in English grammar. It explains that the past simple is used to talk about actions that started and finished in the past, habits and routines from the past, and things that happened one after the other in the past. It provides examples of the affirmative, negative, and interrogative structures for the past simple of regular and irregular verbs. It also gives rules for converting regular verbs to the past tense by adding "-ed" or "-d".

1. Past simple.
Grammar.

2. Past simple is used:
1. To talk about an action that started and finished in
the past.
2. To talk about habits and routines from the past.
3. things that happened one after other in the past.
Presen
t
Past
Future

3. I was
you were
she was
he was
it was
we were
you were
they were
Verb to be
Negative : wasn´t/weren´t.

4. AFFIRMATIVE STRUCTURE VERB TO BE.
Subject + WAS or WERE+ complement
Subject was/were Complement
I was sick all the past week.
• My parents were in Mexico City yesterday.
• Mary was a doctor.

5. NEGATIVE STRUCTURE VERB TO BE.
Subject + WASN’T or WEREN’T + complement
Subject wasn’t/weren’t Complement (predicate)
I wasn´t sick all the past week.
• My parents weren´t in Mexico City yesterday.
• Mary wasn´t a doctor.

6. Question
WAS or WERE + Subject +complement +?
Verb be Subject Complement Question
mark
Were you busy this afternoon ?
• Were you sick the other day?
Yes, I was/No, I´wasnt
• Was Katy in the party one wek ago?
Yes, she was/No, she wasn´t
• Why were you sad? Because of my cat´s death.

7. AFFIRMATIVE PAST SIMPLE
Subject + Verb in Past + complement
Subject Verb in past Complement.
My boss called me this morning.
• Their parents traveled to Paris last summer.
• The concert I went was fantastic.
• My cousin gave me a new cd.
*USA: traveled/UK: travelled.

8. NEGATIVE STRUCTURE.
Subject + Aux. did + verb in base form + complement
Subject Aux. Verb in basic form. Complement
They didn´t play well last week.
• Martha didn´t come to the dinner tonight.
• I didn´t do it.

9. INTERROGATIVE STRUCTURE.
Aux. Did + Subject + Verb in base form +
complement + ?
Aux. did Subj base form Complement Question
mark
Did you buy the house + ?
Where did you go last nigh? I went to the downtown.
Did Mark cook this? Yes, he did/No, he didn´t.

10. Conversion of regular verbs to past tense rules.
1. Add -ed or -d to all the regular verbs.
Play = played stay = stayed
2. add -d to verbs ending in -e.
Live = lived Dance = danced
3. If a verb ends in a consonant + -y take off the -y and add -
ied.
Cry = cried Bury = buried
4. If a verb has one syllable and ends in one vowel +
consonant we double de consonant and add -ed, except
endings -w, -x.
Plan = plannned Hop = hopped