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Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory and your classroom
- 1. VYGOTSKY’S SOCIOCULTURAL THEORY AND YOUR CLASSROOM Taronda Wills EDU/305 Professor Light
- 2. WHAT WILL BE COVERED? Who was Lev Vygotsky? Sociocultural Theory: The Basics Zone Proximal Development Activity: Student Teaching Student Teaching and Sociocultural Theory Gardner and Multiple Intelligences
- 3. WHO WAS LEV VYGOTSKY? Russian Psychologist Lived November 17,1893 – June 11,1934 Attended Institute of Psychology in Moscow Published 6 book in the Field of Psychology Believed in Zone Proximal Development Father of the Sociocultural Theory
- 4. SOCIOCULTURAL THEORY: THE BASICS Children Learn from Elders Children Learn from Peers Biological Development Not Addressed Nurture over Nature
- 5. ZONE PROXIMAL DEVELOPMENT Synonymous with Scaffolding Students rely on Teacher for Assistance Assistance Based on Need Instruction is Individualized
- 6. ACTIVITY: STUDENT TEACHING Target Age: 10-11 Subject: Geography Duration: Two weeks (10 30-minute classes) Activity: Students (in groups of 3) will select a country in Africa to research. After research, each group will develop a 15-minute lesson that they must present to their classmates. Requirements: Activity must include visual aides and some form of assessment. *Teacher will provide guidance as needed
- 7. STUDENT TEACHING AND SOCIOCULTURAL THEORY Subject Specific Peer Interactions Development of Interpersonal Skills Students Learn From Elders (Teacher)
- 8. HOWARD GARDNER Born 1943 in Scranton, Pennsylvania American Cognitive Psychologist Author Father of Multiple Intelligences (1983)
- 9. MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES Linguistic Logical-Mathematical Spatial Bodily-Kinesthetic Musical Interpersonal Intrapersonal
- 10. STUDENT TEACHING AND GARDNER’S THEORY Focuses on the Individualized Intelligence Ample Time for Mastery Encourages Student Directed Learning
- 12. REFERENCES Adobe Stock. (2017). Retrieved from https://stock.adobe.com *images Berk, L. E., & Meyers, A. B. (2016). Infants, Children, and Adolescents(8th ed.). Retrieved from https://phoenix.vitalsource.com/#/books/9781323291306/ cfi/6/24!/4/24/14/2/2@0:0 Cherry, K. (2017). Lev Vygotsky Psychologist Biography. Retrieved from https://www.verywell.com/lev-vygotsky-biography- 2795533 Edutopia. (2009). Retrieved from https://www.edutopia.org/multiple- intelligences- howard-gardner-video Howard Gardner. (2017). In Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/biography/Howard-Gardner McLeod, S. (2012). Simply Psychology. Retrieved from https://www.simplypsychology.org/Zone-of-Proximal- Development.html
Editor's Notes
- ("Adobe Stock", 2017)
- Hello Everyone! Today I will be discussing Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory as it relates to the classroom. As educators, we all are committed to providing our students with the best education possible. Based on my research, I have developed an activity designed to foster sociocultural interactions. ("Adobe Stock", 2017) .
- Before we jump into the sociocultural theory, let’s get some background information on Lev Vygotsky. I think that it is important to know the person behind the theory. As you can see Vygotsky had an impressive list of achievements which gives his theory merit. In his short life, Vygotsky made a huge contribution to the psychology and education world. (Cherry, 2017) ("Adobe Stock", 2017)
- The Sociocultural Theory states that children learn from others in their society. What a society deems important is passed down to children. For example, the United States uses formal schooling to teach children the skills necessary to thrive. In other countries a child’s education may be in the form of learning the family farming business from a parent or relative. These children may not attend an actual school, their learning takes place on the farm. Some argue that this theory does not take into account a child’s biological development. (Berk & Meyers, 2016, Chapter 1) ("Adobe Stock", 2017)
- Zone Proximal Development (ZPD) sounds very sophisticated but it is rather easy to understand. Simply put, a child is in their ZPD when they are faced with a task or assignment that is too difficult for them to complete in their own but can master with help from a teacher (in our case) or elder. A teacher’s level of assistance is based on the child’s need. (McLeod, 2012). ("Adobe Stock", 2017)
- Some of us may already be utilized the ZPD approach and not even realize it. On the handout in front of you I have provided you with a lesson idea that takes into account the sociocultural theory. ("Adobe Stock", 2017)
- All teachers are required to student teach in order to obtain their degree. What if we provided this same experience for our students? In order to teach a topic, the teacher must first learn and master the topic. This way everyone is learning! According to the sociocultural theory, children learn best through interactions. With the students working in groups and then teaching their peers, there are multiple topic specific interactions that will take place. Also, the teacher plays an important role in that they must provide guidance to their students as they conduct research and prepare the lesson. Collaboration is the breeding ground for many wonderful things. ("Adobe Stock", 2017)
- Another important figure in the world of education and psychology is Howard Gardner. Howard Gardner developed the Multiple Intelligence Theory which has had a huge impact on American Education. Interestingly enough, Gardner is still alive and has published several books on this subject. ("Howard Gardner," 2017) ("Adobe Stock", 2017)
- These are the 7 intelligences that Gardner introduced. He believes that every person learns differently and that students should have their material presented to them in several ways. Gardner believed in a child centered approach to education. . ("Edutopia", 2009) ("Adobe Stock", 2017)
- The student teaching exercise supports Gardner’s ideas regarding multiple intelligences. Everyone in the group is given the space and opportunity to teach an area that interests them most; an area that they have a higher propensity to excel in. Also, the fact that each group is responsible for only one country gives the students the time and capacity to master what they learn. Gardner believes that students are not given enough time for mastery as they expected to learn so much in a short amount of time. While the students may not learn everything about their country in two weeks, I am certain that they will be able to obtain a great deal of information in this timeframe. ("Edutopia", 2009) ("Adobe Stock", 2017)
- Thank you for your time. I would like to open the floor up for questions and/or comments. ("Adobe Stock", 2017)