Detail descriptive pharmacy volatile oil presentation #pharmacy #volatiloil #pharmacognacy #use

1. Volatile Oils
Pharmacognacy and Phytochemistry II
T.Y.B.PHARM.
Roll no: 103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110

2. INTRODUCTION
 A volatile oil is a concentrated hydrophobic liquid containing volatile
chemical compounds from plants. Volatile oils are also known as essential
oils.
 In short, volatile oils are highly concentrated plant extracts with a strong
aroma.
 Derivative of polymer of isoprene (C5H8)
 Terpenoids CH2=CH-C(CH3)=CH2
 Volatile oils are termed as 'ethereal oils' because they evaporate when
exposed to air they are also called as 'essential oils'

3. Classification of Volatile Oil containing
Drugs
Drugs containing Formula Name of crude drug
Monoterpenoids C10H16 Fennel, Lemon grass oil,
Peppermint oil, Caraway,
Anise,, Cardamom, Lemon
peel,Nutmeg, Cinnamon,
Tulsi, Musk
Sesquiterpenoids C15H24 Artemisia, Sandal wood oil,
Clove
Diterpenoids C20H32 Taxus, coleus
Triterpenoids C30H48 Ambergris
Tetraterpenoids C40H64 Annatto, Saffron

4. Volatile oil function
 Volatile oils are fragrant compounds produced by plants. They serve
a variety of functions, including:
 Protecting the plant from herbivores and pathogens:-
The strong smell of volatile oils can deter animals from eating the
plant, and some volatile oils also have antimicrobial properties.
 Attracting pollinators:-
The sweet smell of volatile oils can attract pollinators to the plant,
helping to ensure its reproductive success.

5.  Volatile oils are also used by humans for a variety of purposes,
including:
 Flavoring food and beverages:-
Volatile oils are used to flavor a variety of foods and beverages, such
as peppermint oil in candy and spearmint oil in chewing gum.
 Making perfumes and cosmetics:-
Volatile oils are used to give perfumes and cosmetics their pleasant
scents.
 Aromatherapy:-
Volatile oils are used in aromatherapy, a form of alternative medicine
that uses the scents of plants to promote health and well-being.

6. METHOD IS USED FOR EXTRACTION
OF VOLATILE OIL
EXPRESSION DISTILLATION EXTRACTION
 Sponge method
 Mechanical method
 Ecuelle method- Oil
glandsare punched
by needle
 Water distillation
 Steam distillation
 Effleurage method
 Pneumatic method
 Maceration

7. MENTHA OIL
 Synonyms:- Peppermint oil, Colpermin
 Biological source:- Obtained by distillation of the fresh flowering
tops of the plant Mentha piperita officinalis (white mint), Mentha
piperita vulgaris (black mint)
 Family- Labiatae
 Chemical constituents:- 1-Menthol, Isopulegone,
Menthone
 Uses: Flavouring agent, carminative, stimulant

8. CLOVE
 Synonyms:- long, Cayophyllum
 Biological source:- Dried flower-bud of Eugenia caryophyllus,
 Family:- Myrtaceae
 Chemical constituents: -
o Phenolic substance called as eugenol (70-90%), caryophyllene
o Aroma of clove is due to presence of methyl amyl ketone
 Uses: - Dental analgesic

9. Cinnamon
 Synonyms:- Cinnamon bark; Kalmi-Dalchini, Ceylon cinnamon
 Biological Source:- Cinnamon consists of dried inner bark of shoots
of coppiced trees of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Nees,
 family:- Lauraceae.
 Chemical constituents:- Cinnamon consists of a variety of resinous
compounds, including cinnamaldehyde, cinnamate, cinnamic acid,
and numerous essential oils
 Uses: - Acts as anti-bacterial, anti-viral and anti-fungal,Loaded with
antioxidants, Reduces inflammation, Reduce the cholesterol levels,
Reduces blood pressure, Protective against cancer,Combat acne.

10. FENNEL
 Synonyms:- Saunf
 Biological source-: Obtained from dried fruit of plant Foeniculum
vulgare
 Family:- Umbelliferae
 Chemical constituents:-
50% Anethole (sweet in odour and taste),
20% Fenchone(colourless pungent liquidwith aromatic odour)
 Uses: - Carminative, stimulant, arometic

11. CORIANDER
 Synonyms:- Dhania.
 Biological source:-
Obtained from dried ripe fruits of plant known as Coriandrum
sativum
 Family :- Umbelliferae
 Chemical constituents:-
 90% of D-linalool (coriandrol), coriandryal acetate
 Transtridecanal (it gives bed bug like smell) after ripencoriandrol
 Leaves rich in vitamin A
 Uses: - Carminative, stimulant, aromatic, flavouring agent

12. Thank you