This document summarizes various vitamins, including their functions, deficiency symptoms, and food sources. It discusses vitamin A and its role in vision and skin health. Vitamin C aids in collagen formation, bone growth, and iron absorption and its deficiency causes scurvy. Vitamin D helps absorb calcium and phosphate for bone mineralization and a lack of it can lead to rickets. Vitamin E is important for reproduction and membrane structure. Vitamin K is required for blood clotting factor synthesis. The B vitamins act as enzyme cofactors in various metabolic processes and deficiencies can result in neurological or skin issues.

1. VITAMINS
PREPERAR BY
DIPANJAL BORAH
CHAIDUAR COLLEGE
MLT DEPARTMENT

2.  retinol, retinal, retinoic acid
 two form retinal and β-carotin
 deficiency cause- night blindness, dry skin
 source- liver, egg
 rods and cons are vitamin A dependent

3.  Ascorbic acid
 Oxidation- reduction reaction
 collagen formation
 bone formation
 help in iron absorption in stomach
 tryptophan metabolism, Folic acid metabolism
 help in synthesis of corticosteroid hormone
 It has immunological function
 deficiency- Scurvy, loose teeth
Source- Amla, limon, Gerrn vigitable

4.  two types- 1) Argostrol, 2) 7-dehydroxycholestrol
 7-dehydrocholestrol cholecalciferol
 cholecalciferol vitamin D
 Increase intestinal absorption of calcium & phosphate
 minarilization of bone
 deficiency- rickets
 source- fatty fish, fish liver

5.  normal name- tocopherol
 natural antioxident
 essential for reproduction
 anti sterility vitamin
Necessary for membrane structure
 proper storage of creatinine in muscle
 Absorbe in small intestine along with fat
 deficiency- Sterility, degenerative change in muscle
 Source- vegetable oil, cotton seed oil, meat

6.  It has coenzyme function & Fat soluble vitamin
 required for production of blood clotting factor
 3 from of Vitamin K phyloquinanne, menaquinane,
menadiane
 The Factor 2,7,9 and 10 are synthesis in liver in the
help of vitamin K

7.  General name- Thiamin
 thiamin is a cofactor in dehydrogenises reaction
(removing Co2 and add CoA)
 conversion of pyruvate to (lactate , Acetyle Coa etc).
Thiamin is necessary
 deficiancy- beri beri, warnicke-korsakoff syndrome
 source- brown rice, wheat, liver, egg etc

8.  General name- Riboflavin
 absorbed in dudanum
 FMN & FAD are co-enzyme in some reaction
 deficiancy- glosssitis, dermotitis
Source- milk and milk product

9. General name- Niacin, nicotonic acid
 act as a co-enzyme NAD+ & NADP+
 pallagra preventive factor
 60 mg tryptophan= 1mg of niacin
 deficiancy- dermotitis, diarrhea & dementia
Souce- liver, meat

10.  general name- panthothanic acid
 act as a CoA as acetyle CoA, succnyle CoA
It start TCA cycle, ketogenesis, ketolysis, fatty acid
synthesis

11.  general name- pyrodoxine, pyrodoxal, pyrodoxamine
 pyrodoxal phosphate presipited the reaction like
transamination and decarboxylation.
PLP convert amino acid to keto acid keto acid get entert
to TCA cycle and produce energy.
 deficiency- neurological symptome, depresion mantel
confusion
 source- Egg yolk, Fish, milk

12. General name- Biotin
 act as a carrear of Co2 in carboxilation reaction
Pyruvate to oxaloacetet is biotin dependent
Necessary in fatty acid synthesis
 Acetyl CoA (bi) malonyl CoA
Propional CoA (bi) methylmalonyl CoA
 deficiancy- glositis, dermotitis, anaemia
 source- liver, milk, tomato

13.  general name- Folic acid (folate)
 first conjugate in dudenum & absorbed
 It involve in one carbon metabolism
 coenzyme is tetrahydrofolate(THF)
 deficiancy- impaired DNA synthesis and macrocytic
RBC
 source- green vegetable, Liver, meat etc

14.  general name- cobalamin, cynacobalamin,
methylcobalamin
 first it bind with intrensic factor in stomach then
absorbed
 vitamin B12 and folic acid together make metel group
Required in DNA synthesis
 deficiancy- megaloblastic anaemia, low Hb, MCV is
increase.

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