This document provides information on various building components related to ventilation, roof types, excavation equipment, brick types, framing components, electrical systems, plumbing fixtures, insulation types, roofing materials, and window types. Key terms defined include soffit vents, ridge vents, gable vents, roof turbines, header bricks, soldier bricks, framing components like studs and plates, electrical terms like service panels and receptacles, plumbing drain sizes, insulation materials, roof features, and window styles.

2. Sheet-like material permeable to water vapor but not to

liquid or air
In this photo, the air barrier paper is preventing infiltration of

air into house via walls

3. Soffit vents create the required intake

ventilation to keep attic cool

4. Ridge vents: located at highest point of roof and are

necessary to evenly distribute air across the roof’s ridge

5. Gable vent: located high in the wall at opposite

ends of the attic; necessary to create cross draft
for attic ventilation

6. Roof turbine: necessary to ventilate attic by

releasing/eliminating hot air and water vapor

7. A tractor with an attached hydraulic hinged boom used for

excavating earth for footings, slabs, etc.
Bucket width of this particular one is: 23”


8. Temporary frame built just outside the corner of an excavation to

carry marks that lie on the surface planes of the basement that will
be built in the excavation.
Used for running lines


9. This arch is a segmental arch except it only has one course of

soldiers bricks in its design

10. This is a roman arch


11. This is a roman arch with a keystone


12. This is a flemish bond consisting of header and stretcher bricks

laid in alternating fashion shown. Each header is layed on
center with the stretcher below it.

13. This is a running bond, characterized by

just continuing courses of stretchers.

14. Rowlocks


15. Header


16. Sailor


17. Soldier:


18. Rowlock Strecther


19. Similar to a Utility Brick: 3”x10 ½”x3 ½”


20. Norman Brick: 3 ½”x11 ½”x2 ¼”


21. Large, powerful tractor having a vertical blade at the front

end used for moving earth, tree stumps, rocks, etc.
Also used to help bring a site to grade

Bulldozer blade measurement: 96”


22. Brick clad structure


23. EFIS clad structure


24. Stone clad structure


25. Wood board clad


26. Wood shingle siding is typically smoother and sawn

Wood Shake siding is usually split and has a rough rustic appearance

Wood shake clad structure seen


27. code requires habitable
•the
• rooms other than kitchens to be 70 sq. ft.
or larger
•code requires ceiling height to be a
minimum of 7 ft.
•Code requires that half of the area of a
room have at least a seven foot ceiling
height.
•Code Requires Windows 24” max above
finish floor
•IBC Requires a safe means of egress,
accessibility for persons with disabilities,
fire resistance, fire protection systems,
weather resistance, finishes, and interior
environments
•This window meets code for egress
because it fits perameters of: a net width
of opening being no less than 20 inches
and the net height of no more than 24
inches

28. 10’”
•Tread:
•Riser 6 ½”
•IBC tread and riser requirements are:
minimum 10” tread and maximum 7 3/4 “
riser
•This stair meets IBC because it is within the
parameters stated by the code.

29. Control Joint: an intentional,
linear discontinuity in a structure,
designed to form a plane of
weakness where cracking can
occur, to avoid stresses on other
structures

30. Isolation Joint: joint in slab or other structure that isolates it from the

vibrations or potential movement of another integral structure. In this
picture the column is being isolated from the surrounding slab.

31. Concreter Masonry Unit- a block of hardened concrete with or without hollow cores.

Designed to be laid in the same manner as a brick. Dimensions 8”x8”x16”. 1 CMU =3
courses of brick.

32. Split block Ribbed faced block
 

33. Exterior Flush Door


34. Transom-small window directly above a

door.

35. Sidelight-a tall narrow window on the

side of a door.

36. Power Pole-used to support power

lines as they run down the road and
then to your service head.
Transformer-converts the several

thousand volts running through the
utility lines into a usable 110/220 volt
alternating current

37. Service Head- where

the eletrical lines
enter the house

38. Meter-measures the amount of electricity your house is consuming


39. Service Panel- distributes electricity to various circuits throughout the

house. (one picture has not had the breakers installed)

40. Duplex receptacle- electrical outlet with

two spaces for plugs.

41. Sill Plate 1 Anchor Bolt

42. 4 subflooring 3 Floor Joist

43. 6 stud 5 sole plate

44. 8 ceiling joist 7 top plate

45. 10 roof decking 9 rafter

46. 12 stringer 11 sheathing

47. A loader having a shovel or bucket at the end of an articulated arm

located at the front of the vehicle
Used for moving materials around the job site/any earth work

needed
Bucket shown is an 86” bucket.


48. Gypsum Board-interior facing panel with

a gypsum floor sandwiched between
paper faces.

49. Heat Pump- a device that utilizes a refrigeration cycle either to heat or cool

a building by passing air or water over either condensing coil or the
evaporating coils.

50. Air Handling Unit- actually

sends the cooled refrigerant to
a coil in the supply duct that
cools the circulated air.
Advantage of Forced Air

System-rapid response time,
disadvantage: its noisy

51. Blanket/batt insulation

Loose fill

Foamed

Rigid Board


52. Concrete Lintel


53. Concave Joint-Tooled Convex Joint-Tooled

55. 1 ½” Pipe is used for draining a lavatory


56. 3” pipe is used to drain a watercloset


58. Plumbing Vent-

vents plumbing
fixture pipes so
that they drain
properly.

59. Integral


60. A wood panel composed of an odd number of layers of wood

veneer bound together under pressure

61. Reflective foil

placed adjacent to
an airspace in roofs
or walls as a
deterent to infrared
energy.

62. Gutter-catches all the water before it leaves the roof

Downspot-water leaves the gutter and travels down the side of the building

vertically
Splashblock-”breaks” the fall of the water to prevent undermiing and errosion


63. Splash Block


64. Underlayment-waterproof material laid between roof sheathing and

roofing, keeps sheathing dry

65. Clay tile roof


66. shingle-a small unit of water-

resitant material nailed in
overlapping fashion, so as to
make a roof or wall watertight.
These are shingles made out

of recycled papers and other
building materials. Lack
characteristics of an asphalt
shingle

67. Metal panel roofing-

preformed panels of
galvenized or alluminized
steel.

68. gable


69. gambrel


70. hip


71. Mansard


72. Ridge

 Valley
 Eave
 Rake
 Fascia
 Soffit

73. Coursed ashlar


75. Liquid Applied Waterproofing- to keep

water from entering the structure

76. Weep Hole-a small opening whose purpose is to permit drainage of

water that accumulates inside a building component.

78. Casement Window- hinged along the

edges and projects out when operated

79. Doublehung- both top and bottom lites

move up and down

80. Jalousie-operates by the vent-like panes opening vertically by

operating a crank like mechanism.