1. Virtual Life ManagementComputational Processing

2. VLM ComputationalProcessing Material Configuration Mapping the Elements Component Simulation FLEET Simulation Design Configuration Component Computational Process Flow

3. Gear Component CAD Data Component VLM ComputationalProcessing Material Configuration Mapping the Elements Component Simulation FLEET Simulation Design Configuration Component

4. FEA Grid Applied FEA Stress Map Initial Element CAD Data VLM ComputationalProcessing Material Configuration Mapping the Elements Component Simulation FLEET Simulation Design Configuration Component Design Configuration

5. Translate Microstressto each Grain Superimpose Natural Substructure Map FEA Stressto Substructure Initial Element VLM ComputationalProcessing Material Configuration Mapping the Elements Component Simulation FLEET Simulation Design Configuration Component Material Configuration

6. Product Failure 19,678 cycles 19,678 cycles Crack Propagation 18,124 cycles Crack Initiation 13,780 cycles 0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 Simulations Failure: 19,678 cycles Cause: Grain Cracking Begin Grain Damage Simulation Apply Multiple Constitutive Equations Grain Damage Evolution VLM ComputationalProcessing Material Configuration Mapping the Elements Component Simulation FLEET Simulation Design Configuration Component VLM Computational Processing

7. 27,943 22,229 22,113 Element Life: 17,561 cycles Failure Cause: Defect cracking 24,327 22,335 18,961 25,342 19,324 17,561 17,561 24,793 19,889 VLM Results Integration with FEA Grid Simulate Damagefor All Grains Map Results to theElement 19,678 19,678 18,983 17,561 Mapping the Elements 22,568 18,882 VLM ComputationalProcessing Material Configuration Mapping the Elements Component Simulation FLEET Simulation Design Configuration Component

8. Tooth Life: 15,932 cycles Failure Cause: Defects Component Life:14,334 cycles 27,943 22,229 22,113 18,961 25,342 17,561 24,793 VLM Results Integration with FEA Grid VLM Integration for Entire Component 1st Virtual Twin Gear Simulated Repeat Sequencefor Each Tooth VLM ComputationalProcessing Material Configuration Mapping the Elements Component Simulation FLEET Simulation Design Configuration Component 1st Virtual Twin Component Simulated

9. Run 1,000 Simulations VT1, VT2, VT3 … VT1,000 VLM ComputationalProcessing Material Configuration Mapping the Elements Component Simulation FLEET Simulation Design Configuration Component Fleet Simulation of 1,000 Components

11. Artificially decided

12. Constitutive equation

13. Single, universally applied

14. Homogeneous values

15. Grid

16. Use FEA grid

17. Superimpose natural grid

18. Constitutive equation(s)

19. Multiple, simultaneously applied

20. Values statistically varyProbability of Failureand Lifecycle Impact Minutes to Hours for Processing Stress Map Hours to Days for Processing