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BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 115-07-08 ©SKF
15-07-08 ©SKF
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 2
Vibration Analysis
Conducted by:
Anis Lutfi
Condition Monitoring, SKF Reliability Systems
PT. Skefindo Primatama - INDONESIA
15-07-08 ©SKF Slide 3
SKF Reliability Systems – Asia Pacific
Condition Monitoring Products
1SKF PLATFORM
BasicVibrationAnalysis–
Indonesia
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 415-07-08 ©SKF
SKF GROUP
FACTORY UNIT
• 80 Factories
• 1 in Indonesia
• 45,000 employees
• ISO 14001
SALES UNIT
SKF SALES ASIA PACIFIC
SKF VIETNAM
SKF THAILAND
SKF TAIWAN
SKF KOREA
SKF PHILIPINA
SKF MALAYSIA
SKF SINGAPORE
SKF INDONESIA (PT.SKEFINDO) etc.
• 130 COUNTRY
• 7,000 DISTRIBUTOR
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 515-07-08 ©SKF
SKF Network
15-07-08 ©SKF Slide 6
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
2MAINTENANCE PILOSOPHY
BasicVibrationAnalysis–
Indonesia
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 715-07-08 ©SKF
The evolution continues…
Not to fix failed machinery, but to prevent machinery failing.
• To maximize productivity.
• To ensure machinery operates satisfactorily and
continuously for its rated life - or longer.
• To provide the highest machine availability, with minimum
downtime due to maintenance and service.
• To continuously improve the production process.
• To optimize machine performance.
• Smoother, efficient running machinery costs less to
operate, and produces a higher quality product.
• To provide a safe environment.
Slide 7
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 815-07-08 ©SKF
Cost of Maintenance
$17–18 US
$11–13 US
$7–9 US
Type of Maintenance Program
Run to
Failure
Maintenance
Predictive
Maintenance
Preventive
Maintenance
Cost of
Maintenance
US $/HP/Year
Customer : Cevron Oil USA
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 915-07-08 ©SKF
How Do Predictive
Maintenance Programs Work?
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 1015-07-08 ©SKF
The Predictive Maintenance Cycle
Measurement
exceeds
alarm limit
Periodic
Monitoring
Analyze
problem
Repair
Equipment
Schedule
repair(s)
No
Yes
Increase meas. intervals
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 1115-07-08 ©SKF
WorkFlowWorkFlow
PRISM4
MICROLOG
ROUTE
SCHEDULE
(CMMS)
WORK REQUEST
(CMMS)
C.MONITORING
PLAN
DAILY REPORT
MONTHLY
REPORT
DATA ANALYSIS
RELIABILITY
(Keandalan)
MAINTENANCE
(Perawatan)
PRODUCTION
(Produksi)
Management
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 1215-07-08 ©SKF
How are Measurements Performed?
Sensors ... Sense and Convert Mechanical Energy Into An
Electrical Signal
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 1315-07-08 ©SKF
Buffered
Outputs
Internet/
Modem
SKFLAN
Enhanced
RS485
Ethernet
DCS/PAS/PLCorother RelayOutputs
4-20ma/0-10V
RS485
RS232/TCP/IP
VM600
MCT
CMU
Microlog
Pens
MARLIN
RS485/TCP/IP-OPC
RS232
RS232
P4Only
CMMS
Interface
/RemoteView/TrendOil
/HMI
OurIntegrated PlatformforCondition
Monitoring
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 1415-07-08 ©SKF
Predictive Maintenance
Measurements
Vibration
Temperature
Lube Oil
Process
–Pressure
–Flow
–Speed
15-07-08 ©SKF Slide 15
SKF Reliability Systems – Asia Pacific
Condition Monitoring Products
3Basic Vibration Philosophy
BasicVibrationAnalysis–
Indonesia
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 1615-07-08 ©SKF
Measuring Vibration
Vibration is
considered one of
the most effective
measurements for
monitoring the
condition of
rotating machinery
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 1715-07-08 ©SKF
Measurable Vibration Characteristics
Frequency - What is vibrating?
Amplitude - How much is it
vibrating?
Phase Angle - How is it vibrating?
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 1815-07-08 ©SKF
Vibration Frequency
Measurements & Units
• RPM(Revolutions PerMinute)
• CPM(Cycles PerMinute)
• CPS/Hz (Cycles PerSecond/Hertz)
• Orders of Running Speed (how many
times event occurs pershaft revolution)
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 1915-07-08 ©SKF
Vibration Amplitude
Measurements & Units
Displacement (Distance)
Mils orMicrons
Velocity (Speed - Rate of change of displcmt)
In./Sec. ormm/Sec.
Acceleration (Rate of change of velocity)
G’s - In./Sec.2
orMeter/Sec.2
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 2015-07-08 ©SKF
Amplitude vs. Frequency
When analyzing vibration we lookat two components of
the vibration signal, its amplitude and its frequency.
 Vibration amplitude indicates the severity of the
problem.
 Vibration frequency indicates the source of the
problem.
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 2115-07-08 ©SKF
Displacement Probe/Eddy Probe
• Measure Relative
Distance Between
Two (2) Surfaces
• Accurate Low
Frequency
Response
• Limited High Frequency Sensitivity
• Require External PowerSource
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 2215-07-08 ©SKF
Velocity Sensors
• Often Measure Bearing
Housings orMachinery Casing
Vibration
• Effective in Low to Mid
Frequency Range (10 Hz to
around 1,500 Hz)
• Self Generating Devices
• Are Electro-Mechanical Devices
With Moving Parts That Can
StickorFail
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 2315-07-08 ©SKF
Accelerometers
• Rugged Devices
• Operate in Wide Frequency
Range (Near0 to above 400 kHz)
• Good High Frequency Response
• Some Models Suitable ForHigh
Temperature
• Require Additional Electronics
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 2415-07-08 ©SKF
SensorRelationships
10 100 1,000 10,000
Frequency (Hz)
10
1.0
0.1
1
0.01
100
Displacement (mils)
Acceleration
(g's)
Velocity (in/sec)
Common Machinery
Operating Range
Amplitude
(mils, in/sec, g’s)
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 2515-07-08 ©SKF
Same Data in Velocity and
Acceleration
Velocity
Spectrum
Acceleration
Spectrum
15-07-08 ©SKF Slide 26
SKF Reliability Systems – Asia Pacific
Condition Monitoring Products
4Vibration Analysis
BasicVibrationAnalysis–
Indonesia
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 2715-07-08 ©SKF
Detection vs. Analysis
Detection
Alarmlimits are established foreach measurement. When the
measurement’s value exceeds its programmed alarmlimits, the
predictive maintenance software ordata collectornotifies the
analyst of a problem.
Analysis
Once detected, analyzing exceptional measurements provides
insight to the problemitself, and to its root cause.
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 2815-07-08 ©SKF
Types of Alarms
 Overall Vibration Limits
 Spectral Enveloping
 Spectral Bands
 Phase Alarms
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 2915-07-08 ©SKF
ISO Standard
Vibration Standard
ISO 2372-1974
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 3015-07-08 ©SKF
ISO Vibration Severity Chart
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 3115-07-08 ©SKF
Overall Vib. Alarm
Assessing
Overall
Vibration
Severity
15-07-08 ©SKF Slide 32
SKF Reliability Systems – Asia Pacific
Condition Monitoring Products
5Vibration Spectrum
BasicVibrationAnalysis–
Indonesia
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 3315-07-08 ©SKF
What is Vibration Analysis ?
Vibration Analysis is a measure of the energy being
emitted froma surface due to forced and natural
oscillatory movement. The energy is captured as
vibrations and displayed in two common form:
1. Time vs Magnitude - known as time wafe form
2. Magnitude vs frequency - known as FFT
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 3415-07-08 ©SKF
Typical Vibration Analysis Display
Formats
Overall Vibration (Trending)
FFT Spectrum(Trending/Analysis)
Time Waveform(Trending/Analysis)
OtherProcessing Methods
– Acceleration Enveloping
– SEE
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 3515-07-08 ©SKF
FFT SpectrumAnalysis
FFT Spectrum
shows component vibration
signals at theirrespective
frequencies
low
freq.
high freq.
frequency
amplitude
frequency
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 3615-07-08 ©SKF
Spectral Pattern Recognition
(velocity spectrum)
1X
2X 3X
4X
frequency
amplitude
< 1X
low frequency rotational events and harmonics
(i.e. imbalance, misalignment, looseness, etc.)
high frequency events
(i.e. bearing or gear-mesh)
10X
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 3715-07-08 ©SKF
Spectral Example
1
2
3
baseline spectrum (norm)
higher than normal
1X vibration signal
1X
2X
3X
bearing
freq..
gearmesh
freq.
higher than normal
1X and bearing
vibration signals
Known good measurement collected
when
machine was known to be in good running
order.
1X running speed peak is significantly
higher than normal. Indicates a vibration
signal occurring once per shaft revolution.
Typically caused by misalignment or
imbalance.
Higher than normal 1X running speed
peak and bearing fault frequency peaks
indicate that 1X rotational problem has
caused bearing damage.
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 3815-07-08 ©SKF
Sources of Vibration
Specific patterns in the spectral signatures are
recognized as being related to specific
machine problems.
• Misalignment 1x or 2x shaft speed
• Imbalance 1x
• Bent shaft 1x or 2x Axial
• Looseness 2x to 10x
• Gearmesh # of teeth x RPM
• Bearing Defects bearing defect frequencies
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 3915-07-08 ©SKF
Misalignment
Angular
Misalignment
Parallel
Misalignment
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 4015-07-08 ©SKF
Velocity Measurement Showing
Misalignment
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 4115-07-08 ©SKF
Imbalance - Diagnosis
static imbalance -
vibration across machine
“in phase”
couple imbalance -
vibration across machine
“180 degrees out of
phase”
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 4215-07-08 ©SKF
Velocity measurement Showing
Imbalance
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 4315-07-08 ©SKF
Bent Shaft
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 4415-07-08 ©SKF
Bent Shaft - Diagnosis
1 - axial measurements across machine
typically 180 degrees out of phase, and ...
2 - radial measurements across machine
are typically in phase
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 4515-07-08 ©SKF
Velocity measurement Showing Bent
Shaft Problem
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 4615-07-08 ©SKF
Mechanical Looseness
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 4715-07-08 ©SKF
Enveloping measurement showing
Mechanical Looseness Problem
Journal bearing on 600 MWSteamTurbine
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 4815-07-08 ©SKF
Gear-mesh Frequencies
GMF = # of teeth x RPM
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 4915-07-08 ©SKF
GearDefects
• The gear mesh frequency is equal to the gear shaft
rotating speed times the number of teeth on that gear.
• The amplitude will vary with the load.
• Two equal gearboxes can have very different
amplitudes under the same loads.
• ALWAYS collect a time domain spectrum on each gear
shaft bearing.
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 5015-07-08 ©SKF
Acceleration Measurement Showing
Gear-mesh Frequencies
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 5115-07-08 ©SKF
Mining Gearbox Time Domain
208 RPM
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 5215-07-08 ©SKF
Why Do Bearings Fail?
inadequate lubrication
- too much
- too little
- contaminated
excessive load caused by:
- misalignment
- imbalance
- bent shaft
- etc.....
improperhandling or
installation
ageflaw on outer race
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 5315-07-08 ©SKF
Enveloping
Band Pass Filter is specified
according to defect harmonic
frequencies of interest
low frequency events filtered out, high
frequency defect harmonics emphasized
due to low signal to noise ratio, these high
frequency harmonics are then summed and
folded back to the defect’s fundamental frequency
resulting enveloped signal,
measured in gE
defect fundamental
frequency
fundamental
frequency
harmonics
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 5415-07-08 ©SKF
Bearing Defect Frequencies
BPFO
Ball Pass Frequency Outer Race
BPFI
Ball Pass Frequency Inner Race
BSF
Ball Spin Frequency
FTF
Cage Frequency or
Fundamental Train Frequency
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 5515-07-08 ©SKF
Acceleration Enveloping on bearing
with Outerrace defect
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 5615-07-08 ©SKF
Acceleration Enveloping on bearing
with Innerrace defect
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 5715-07-08 ©SKF
Acceleration Enveloping on bearing
with Cage defect
BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 5815-07-08 ©SKF
Enveloping Severity Chart
ISO 10816
15-07-08 ©SKF
SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia
Jaka Rusdianto
Slide 59
Pleasewriteyourquestion!
Vibration Monitoring

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Vibration Monitoring

  • 1. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 115-07-08 ©SKF
  • 2. 15-07-08 ©SKF SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 2 Vibration Analysis Conducted by: Anis Lutfi Condition Monitoring, SKF Reliability Systems PT. Skefindo Primatama - INDONESIA
  • 3. 15-07-08 ©SKF Slide 3 SKF Reliability Systems – Asia Pacific Condition Monitoring Products 1SKF PLATFORM BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
  • 4. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 415-07-08 ©SKF SKF GROUP FACTORY UNIT • 80 Factories • 1 in Indonesia • 45,000 employees • ISO 14001 SALES UNIT SKF SALES ASIA PACIFIC SKF VIETNAM SKF THAILAND SKF TAIWAN SKF KOREA SKF PHILIPINA SKF MALAYSIA SKF SINGAPORE SKF INDONESIA (PT.SKEFINDO) etc. • 130 COUNTRY • 7,000 DISTRIBUTOR
  • 5. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 515-07-08 ©SKF SKF Network
  • 6. 15-07-08 ©SKF Slide 6 SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto 2MAINTENANCE PILOSOPHY BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
  • 7. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 715-07-08 ©SKF The evolution continues… Not to fix failed machinery, but to prevent machinery failing. • To maximize productivity. • To ensure machinery operates satisfactorily and continuously for its rated life - or longer. • To provide the highest machine availability, with minimum downtime due to maintenance and service. • To continuously improve the production process. • To optimize machine performance. • Smoother, efficient running machinery costs less to operate, and produces a higher quality product. • To provide a safe environment. Slide 7
  • 8. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 815-07-08 ©SKF Cost of Maintenance $17–18 US $11–13 US $7–9 US Type of Maintenance Program Run to Failure Maintenance Predictive Maintenance Preventive Maintenance Cost of Maintenance US $/HP/Year Customer : Cevron Oil USA
  • 9. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 915-07-08 ©SKF How Do Predictive Maintenance Programs Work?
  • 10. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 1015-07-08 ©SKF The Predictive Maintenance Cycle Measurement exceeds alarm limit Periodic Monitoring Analyze problem Repair Equipment Schedule repair(s) No Yes Increase meas. intervals
  • 11. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 1115-07-08 ©SKF WorkFlowWorkFlow PRISM4 MICROLOG ROUTE SCHEDULE (CMMS) WORK REQUEST (CMMS) C.MONITORING PLAN DAILY REPORT MONTHLY REPORT DATA ANALYSIS RELIABILITY (Keandalan) MAINTENANCE (Perawatan) PRODUCTION (Produksi) Management
  • 12. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 1215-07-08 ©SKF How are Measurements Performed? Sensors ... Sense and Convert Mechanical Energy Into An Electrical Signal
  • 13. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 1315-07-08 ©SKF Buffered Outputs Internet/ Modem SKFLAN Enhanced RS485 Ethernet DCS/PAS/PLCorother RelayOutputs 4-20ma/0-10V RS485 RS232/TCP/IP VM600 MCT CMU Microlog Pens MARLIN RS485/TCP/IP-OPC RS232 RS232 P4Only CMMS Interface /RemoteView/TrendOil /HMI OurIntegrated PlatformforCondition Monitoring
  • 14. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 1415-07-08 ©SKF Predictive Maintenance Measurements Vibration Temperature Lube Oil Process –Pressure –Flow –Speed
  • 15. 15-07-08 ©SKF Slide 15 SKF Reliability Systems – Asia Pacific Condition Monitoring Products 3Basic Vibration Philosophy BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
  • 16. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 1615-07-08 ©SKF Measuring Vibration Vibration is considered one of the most effective measurements for monitoring the condition of rotating machinery
  • 17. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 1715-07-08 ©SKF Measurable Vibration Characteristics Frequency - What is vibrating? Amplitude - How much is it vibrating? Phase Angle - How is it vibrating?
  • 18. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 1815-07-08 ©SKF Vibration Frequency Measurements & Units • RPM(Revolutions PerMinute) • CPM(Cycles PerMinute) • CPS/Hz (Cycles PerSecond/Hertz) • Orders of Running Speed (how many times event occurs pershaft revolution)
  • 19. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 1915-07-08 ©SKF Vibration Amplitude Measurements & Units Displacement (Distance) Mils orMicrons Velocity (Speed - Rate of change of displcmt) In./Sec. ormm/Sec. Acceleration (Rate of change of velocity) G’s - In./Sec.2 orMeter/Sec.2
  • 20. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 2015-07-08 ©SKF Amplitude vs. Frequency When analyzing vibration we lookat two components of the vibration signal, its amplitude and its frequency.  Vibration amplitude indicates the severity of the problem.  Vibration frequency indicates the source of the problem.
  • 21. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 2115-07-08 ©SKF Displacement Probe/Eddy Probe • Measure Relative Distance Between Two (2) Surfaces • Accurate Low Frequency Response • Limited High Frequency Sensitivity • Require External PowerSource
  • 22. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 2215-07-08 ©SKF Velocity Sensors • Often Measure Bearing Housings orMachinery Casing Vibration • Effective in Low to Mid Frequency Range (10 Hz to around 1,500 Hz) • Self Generating Devices • Are Electro-Mechanical Devices With Moving Parts That Can StickorFail
  • 23. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 2315-07-08 ©SKF Accelerometers • Rugged Devices • Operate in Wide Frequency Range (Near0 to above 400 kHz) • Good High Frequency Response • Some Models Suitable ForHigh Temperature • Require Additional Electronics
  • 24. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 2415-07-08 ©SKF SensorRelationships 10 100 1,000 10,000 Frequency (Hz) 10 1.0 0.1 1 0.01 100 Displacement (mils) Acceleration (g's) Velocity (in/sec) Common Machinery Operating Range Amplitude (mils, in/sec, g’s)
  • 25. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 2515-07-08 ©SKF Same Data in Velocity and Acceleration Velocity Spectrum Acceleration Spectrum
  • 26. 15-07-08 ©SKF Slide 26 SKF Reliability Systems – Asia Pacific Condition Monitoring Products 4Vibration Analysis BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
  • 27. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 2715-07-08 ©SKF Detection vs. Analysis Detection Alarmlimits are established foreach measurement. When the measurement’s value exceeds its programmed alarmlimits, the predictive maintenance software ordata collectornotifies the analyst of a problem. Analysis Once detected, analyzing exceptional measurements provides insight to the problemitself, and to its root cause.
  • 28. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 2815-07-08 ©SKF Types of Alarms  Overall Vibration Limits  Spectral Enveloping  Spectral Bands  Phase Alarms
  • 29. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 2915-07-08 ©SKF ISO Standard Vibration Standard ISO 2372-1974
  • 30. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 3015-07-08 ©SKF ISO Vibration Severity Chart
  • 31. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 3115-07-08 ©SKF Overall Vib. Alarm Assessing Overall Vibration Severity
  • 32. 15-07-08 ©SKF Slide 32 SKF Reliability Systems – Asia Pacific Condition Monitoring Products 5Vibration Spectrum BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia
  • 33. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 3315-07-08 ©SKF What is Vibration Analysis ? Vibration Analysis is a measure of the energy being emitted froma surface due to forced and natural oscillatory movement. The energy is captured as vibrations and displayed in two common form: 1. Time vs Magnitude - known as time wafe form 2. Magnitude vs frequency - known as FFT
  • 34. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 3415-07-08 ©SKF Typical Vibration Analysis Display Formats Overall Vibration (Trending) FFT Spectrum(Trending/Analysis) Time Waveform(Trending/Analysis) OtherProcessing Methods – Acceleration Enveloping – SEE
  • 35. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 3515-07-08 ©SKF FFT SpectrumAnalysis FFT Spectrum shows component vibration signals at theirrespective frequencies low freq. high freq. frequency amplitude frequency
  • 36. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 3615-07-08 ©SKF Spectral Pattern Recognition (velocity spectrum) 1X 2X 3X 4X frequency amplitude < 1X low frequency rotational events and harmonics (i.e. imbalance, misalignment, looseness, etc.) high frequency events (i.e. bearing or gear-mesh) 10X
  • 37. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 3715-07-08 ©SKF Spectral Example 1 2 3 baseline spectrum (norm) higher than normal 1X vibration signal 1X 2X 3X bearing freq.. gearmesh freq. higher than normal 1X and bearing vibration signals Known good measurement collected when machine was known to be in good running order. 1X running speed peak is significantly higher than normal. Indicates a vibration signal occurring once per shaft revolution. Typically caused by misalignment or imbalance. Higher than normal 1X running speed peak and bearing fault frequency peaks indicate that 1X rotational problem has caused bearing damage.
  • 38. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 3815-07-08 ©SKF Sources of Vibration Specific patterns in the spectral signatures are recognized as being related to specific machine problems. • Misalignment 1x or 2x shaft speed • Imbalance 1x • Bent shaft 1x or 2x Axial • Looseness 2x to 10x • Gearmesh # of teeth x RPM • Bearing Defects bearing defect frequencies
  • 39. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 3915-07-08 ©SKF Misalignment Angular Misalignment Parallel Misalignment
  • 40. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 4015-07-08 ©SKF Velocity Measurement Showing Misalignment
  • 41. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 4115-07-08 ©SKF Imbalance - Diagnosis static imbalance - vibration across machine “in phase” couple imbalance - vibration across machine “180 degrees out of phase”
  • 42. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 4215-07-08 ©SKF Velocity measurement Showing Imbalance
  • 43. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 4315-07-08 ©SKF Bent Shaft
  • 44. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 4415-07-08 ©SKF Bent Shaft - Diagnosis 1 - axial measurements across machine typically 180 degrees out of phase, and ... 2 - radial measurements across machine are typically in phase
  • 45. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 4515-07-08 ©SKF Velocity measurement Showing Bent Shaft Problem
  • 46. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 4615-07-08 ©SKF Mechanical Looseness
  • 47. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 4715-07-08 ©SKF Enveloping measurement showing Mechanical Looseness Problem Journal bearing on 600 MWSteamTurbine
  • 48. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 4815-07-08 ©SKF Gear-mesh Frequencies GMF = # of teeth x RPM
  • 49. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 4915-07-08 ©SKF GearDefects • The gear mesh frequency is equal to the gear shaft rotating speed times the number of teeth on that gear. • The amplitude will vary with the load. • Two equal gearboxes can have very different amplitudes under the same loads. • ALWAYS collect a time domain spectrum on each gear shaft bearing.
  • 50. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 5015-07-08 ©SKF Acceleration Measurement Showing Gear-mesh Frequencies
  • 51. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 5115-07-08 ©SKF Mining Gearbox Time Domain 208 RPM
  • 52. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 5215-07-08 ©SKF Why Do Bearings Fail? inadequate lubrication - too much - too little - contaminated excessive load caused by: - misalignment - imbalance - bent shaft - etc..... improperhandling or installation ageflaw on outer race
  • 53. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 5315-07-08 ©SKF Enveloping Band Pass Filter is specified according to defect harmonic frequencies of interest low frequency events filtered out, high frequency defect harmonics emphasized due to low signal to noise ratio, these high frequency harmonics are then summed and folded back to the defect’s fundamental frequency resulting enveloped signal, measured in gE defect fundamental frequency fundamental frequency harmonics
  • 54. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 5415-07-08 ©SKF Bearing Defect Frequencies BPFO Ball Pass Frequency Outer Race BPFI Ball Pass Frequency Inner Race BSF Ball Spin Frequency FTF Cage Frequency or Fundamental Train Frequency
  • 55. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 5515-07-08 ©SKF Acceleration Enveloping on bearing with Outerrace defect
  • 56. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 5615-07-08 ©SKF Acceleration Enveloping on bearing with Innerrace defect
  • 57. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 5715-07-08 ©SKF Acceleration Enveloping on bearing with Cage defect
  • 58. BasicVibrationAnalysis– Indonesia SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 5815-07-08 ©SKF Enveloping Severity Chart ISO 10816
  • 59. 15-07-08 ©SKF SKF Reliability Systems – Indonesia Jaka Rusdianto Slide 59 Pleasewriteyourquestion!

Editor's Notes

  1. Section divider 3 The section divider slide is a useful way of breaking up a presentation. Five section dividers have been included in this document, each with its own unique SKF Supergraphic. If you require more than five section dividers, then simply copy and paste the five that have been provided and re-number them following the original sequence that is shown in this document. The SKF Supergraphic is placed as a graphic element on this slide in a fixed position. The number of the section always appears on its own line, with the title text appearing beneath. The text is in a fixed position which is aligned with the typographic grid (Ctrl G). Note: This slide does not exist as a ‘slide master’ therefore it is recommended that you copy and paste this slide into your presentation.
  2. Section divider 5 The section divider slide is a useful way of breaking up a presentation. Five section dividers have been included in this document, each with its own unique SKF Supergraphic. If you require more than five section dividers, then simply copy and paste the five that have been provided and re-number them following the original sequence that is shown in this document. The SKF Supergraphic is placed as a graphic element on this slide in a fixed position. The number of the section always appears on its own line, with the title text appearing beneath. The text is in a fixed position which is aligned with the typographic grid (Ctrl G). Note: This slide does not exist as a ‘slide master’ therefore it is recommended that you copy and paste this slide into your presentation.
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  8. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
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  10. Section divider 5 The section divider slide is a useful way of breaking up a presentation. Five section dividers have been included in this document, each with its own unique SKF Supergraphic. If you require more than five section dividers, then simply copy and paste the five that have been provided and re-number them following the original sequence that is shown in this document. The SKF Supergraphic is placed as a graphic element on this slide in a fixed position. The number of the section always appears on its own line, with the title text appearing beneath. The text is in a fixed position which is aligned with the typographic grid (Ctrl G). Note: This slide does not exist as a ‘slide master’ therefore it is recommended that you copy and paste this slide into your presentation.
  11. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  12. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  13. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  14. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  15. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  16. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  17. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  18. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  19. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  20. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  21. Section divider 5 The section divider slide is a useful way of breaking up a presentation. Five section dividers have been included in this document, each with its own unique SKF Supergraphic. If you require more than five section dividers, then simply copy and paste the five that have been provided and re-number them following the original sequence that is shown in this document. The SKF Supergraphic is placed as a graphic element on this slide in a fixed position. The number of the section always appears on its own line, with the title text appearing beneath. The text is in a fixed position which is aligned with the typographic grid (Ctrl G). Note: This slide does not exist as a ‘slide master’ therefore it is recommended that you copy and paste this slide into your presentation.
  22. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  23. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  24. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  25. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  26. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  27. Section divider 5 The section divider slide is a useful way of breaking up a presentation. Five section dividers have been included in this document, each with its own unique SKF Supergraphic. If you require more than five section dividers, then simply copy and paste the five that have been provided and re-number them following the original sequence that is shown in this document. The SKF Supergraphic is placed as a graphic element on this slide in a fixed position. The number of the section always appears on its own line, with the title text appearing beneath. The text is in a fixed position which is aligned with the typographic grid (Ctrl G). Note: This slide does not exist as a ‘slide master’ therefore it is recommended that you copy and paste this slide into your presentation.
  28. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  29. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  30. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  31. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  32. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  33. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  34. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  35. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  36. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  37. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  38. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  39. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  40. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  41. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  42. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  43. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  44. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  45. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  46. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  47. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  48. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  49. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  50. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  51. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  52. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX
  53. Note: Cannot refer to products as Microlog MX &amp; Microlog GX or Microlog MX series &amp; Microlog GX series MX series, part of the Microlog family GX series, part of the Microlog family GX Image to be updated to one with Colour Screen or just use MX &amp; GX