This document provides information about different types of vertebrates including their defining characteristics and examples. It discusses the five main types of vertebrates: mammals, birds, fish, reptiles and amphibians. For each group, it outlines some of their key attributes such as how they breathe, their temperature regulation, habitat and more. It also includes review questions to test comprehension.

1. Vertebrates Grade …. Name Date

2. Table of Contents Vertebrates Mammals Birds Fish Reptiles Amphibians Questions References Next Back

3. What are Vertebrates? Animals Have a vertebral column Have a bony skeleton Can be cold-blooded or warm-blooded They are of 5 types: Next Back Reptiles Amphibians Fish Birds Mammals

4. Mammals (1) There are about 5,ooo species of living mammals. Mammals are animals that have: Hair 3 middle ear bones Mammary glands Biggest brains out of all the animals Lungs Next Back

5. Mammals (2) Nourish the young with milk Can live in water or on land Are warm-blooded Can survive in sub-zero temperatures and hot climates Most are born live Examples: cows, horses, cats etc. Next Back

6. Birds (1) Have wings and feathers The 2 wings are the front limbs and are used for flying They do not have teeth Have beaks Have hollow bones Have a special way of breathing Have a very strong heart Some cannot fly (example Ostrich) Next Back

7. Birds (2) Eat a lot for flight Live on land Are warm-blooded Can survive in sub-zero temperatures Build nests for breeding The largest bird is the Ostrich The most common bird is the Red Jungle fowl Birds eat bugs, grains, worms etc. Next Back

8. Fish Live in oceans, ponds, lakes, and rivers Breathe through their gills Swim with their fins Have scales on their bodies They lay eggs They are cold-blooded The disadvantage is that when it is hot they have to find a cooler place and when it is cold, their activity slows down Next Back

9. Reptiles Most live on land and some live in water They breathe through their lungs They are cold-blooded They crawl in a wavy motion They lay their eggs on land They do not sit on eggs for incubation They shed their skin Most have scales on their body Next Back

10. Amphibians (1) Most have 4 limbs They have smooth skin They live in water when they are young (i.e. they have gills) They are cold-blooded They live on land when they are adults (i.e. they have lungs) Lay their jelly-covered eggs in water Next Back

11. Amphibians (2) Have webbed feet to swim better Caecilians look like earth worms Frogs and toads have 4 legs 2 legs are used for jumping Salamanders have tails and legs Salamanders have smooth, moist skin Next Back

12. Question (1) Why are mammals considered as vertebrates? Next Back Because they are animals, they have a vertebral column, they have a bony skeleton, and they are warm-blooded.

13. Question (2) Next Back Circle the correct answer : Fish : Have a constant body temperature Lay eggs Shed their skin Have the biggest brains

14. Question (3) Next Back Three types of amphibians are: Frogs and toads, salamanders, and caecilians.

15. Question (4) Next Back Put the correct label on top of each picture. Amphibian Mammal Bird Reptile Fish Reptile Amphibian Fish Bird Mammal

16. Question (5) Next Back What is the largest bird ? The Ostrich is the largest bird.

17. References (1) All about Birds . (n. d.). Retrieved April 21, 2004, from http://www.zoomschool.com/subjects/birds.html Animal Groups . (2003). Retrieved March 28, 2004, from http:// www.factmonster.com/ipka/A0768613.html Animal Groups. (2003). Retrieved April 21, 2004, from http:// www.saskschools.ca/~gregory/animals/amphib.html Animal Index-Vertebrates . (2004). Retrieved March 28, 2004, from http:// www.kidport.com/RefLib/Science/Animals/Animals.html Bird . (n. d.) Retrieved May 21, 2004, from http://www.atlantisenterprisesltd.com Bird . (n. d.) Retrieved May 21, 2004, from http://www.dfustate.or.us/springfield/birdycoloring.html Bird . (n. d.). Retrieved May 21, 2004, from http://www.ck/aramoana/aramoeng. html Next Back

18. References (2) Cow . (n. d.). Retrieved May 21, 2004, from http:// www.wingsofthedsagon.com/miscgallery Crocodile . (n. d.). Retrieved May 21, 2004, from http://www.sciencemore.com/scipe.html Cow . (n. d.) Retrieved May 21, 2004, from http://www.4reference.net/encyclopedias/wikipedia/Cow.html El Hajj, J. (2002). Sciences for Life . Sin-El-Fil, Lebanon: Lebanese Publishers Company. Fish. ( n. d.). Retrieved May 21, 2004, from http://www.it.bond.edu.au/inft140/lecture06/lec6.html Fish. (n. d.). Retrieved May 21, 2004, from http://www.auburn.wednet.edu/Curriculum/whataday.html Frog face . (n. d.). Retrieved May 21, 2004, from http:// www.art_licensing.com /.../Bragg%20gallery_4.html Next Back

19. References (3) Frog. (n. d.). Retrieved May 21, 2004, from http://www.mcpasso.k12.wi.us/˜kms/Web_Clip_Art/pages/Frog.html Gifs . (n. d.). Retrieved May 10, 2004, from http://www.animations.com Gray Whale . (n. d.). Retrieved May 21, 2004, from http:// www.exzooberance.com /.../gray%20whale/gray%20whale.html Horse Collar on Horse . (n. d.). Retrieved May 21, 2004, from http:// www.magnopulse.com/magnetic_horse_collar.html Lizard . (n. d.). Retrieved May 21, 2004, from http://www.Hlg.com/luxetumbra/index2.html Lizard . (n. d.). Retrieved May 21, 2004, from http://www.alanmarkcorcoran.com/travil.html Ramel, G. (2004). The Amazing World of Birds . Retrieved April 21, 2004, from http:// www.earthlife.net/birds/intro.html Next Back

20. References (4) Salamander. (n. d.) Retrieved May 21, 2004, from http:// www.livejournal.com/community/furartxchange.html The New Lexicon Webster’s Encyclopedic Dictionary of the English Language . (1991). New York: Lexicon Publications, Inc. The World of Vertebrates and Invertebrates . (n. d.). Retrieved March 28, 2004, from http:// www.students.dsu.edu/birkela/Science/WEBQUEST.html Three Horse Painting. (n. d.). Retrieved May 21, 2004, from http://www.alove4horses.com/calendar12.html Vertebrates and Invertebrates . (n. d.). Retrieved March 28, 2004, from http://www.filebox.vt.edu/users/rburcham/edweb/project/in-vertebrates.html Whale. (n. d.). Retrieved May 21, 2004, from http:// www.syix.com/adsy/linda/jonathan/coloring/index.html Next Back