The document outlines the basics of version control systems, focusing on the differences between centralized and distributed version control systems (VCS). It introduces Git, its history, commands, and workflows, emphasizing its advantages and disadvantages in managing project versions. Additionally, it provides guidance for users transitioning from Subversion to Git, detailing common commands and collaboration methods.

1. Git - Basics

2. ● Management of changes to collection of Information
● Identified by revision number
● Revisions can be compared restored and merged
● Coordinating Teams
Version Control Software

3. Centralised VCS vs Distributed VCS

4. ● One true source code
● Commit and Checkout from a central location
● No need to keep many copies of single file in hard disk
● Eg:- SVN, OpenCVS and Perforce
● Difference in workflow and performance
● Typical CVCS Workflow
○ Pull down any changes other people have made from the central
server
○ Make your changes, and make sure they work properly
○ Commit your changes to the central server, so other programmers
can see them
Centralised VCSs

5. ● Every repository is good as any other
● Do not necessarily rely on a central server
● Developer “clones” a copy of a repository and has the full history of the
project on their own hard drive
● “Pulling” and “Pushing”
● Act of cloning
Distributed VCSs

6. ● Actions other than pushing and pulling to repositories are extremely fast
● Committing new changesets can be done locally
● Work and commit changes from anywhere without Internet, push them
all to git server at once
● Share with one or two people to get feedback and then share with all
Advantages of DVCS

7. ● Space needed to store all version of large binary files can accumulate
quickly
● Long history projects can take an impractical amount of time and disk
space
Disadvantages of DVCS

8. ● Location in which data is stored and managed
○ Central location
○ Distributed location
Repository

9. ● Centralized VCS
○ List of file based changes
● Distributed VCS
○ Set of snapshots of a miniature filesystem
Data Storage in a repository

10. ● Difference between same file in different versions of a VCS
● Eg :-
What is a Diff?

11. ● Distributed revision control system
● Designed and developed by Linus Torvalds
● A Git working repository is a fully-fledged repository
● Distributed under GNU General Public License version 2
Git

12. ● Development began in April 2005
● BitKeeper - A proprietary source control management system
● Necessity of an distributed open source SCM
● Other design Criterias
○ Take Concurrent Versions System (CVS) as an example of what not to
do; if in doubt, make the exact opposite decision
○ Support a distributed, BitKeeper-like workflow
○ Very strong safeguards against corruption, either accidental or
malicious
● “The unpleasant person”
Evolution of Git

13. Linus Torvalds Junio Hamano

14. ● Bazaar
● Mercurial
● Monotone
Other softwares like Git

15. ● Command-line method
○ git init
○ git init <reponame>
○ git --bare init
Make your first git repository

16. ● SVN Checkout and Git Clone
● SVN Update and Git Pull
● SVN Commit and Git commit & push
Confusions of a Subversion user

17. ● git add .
● git commit
● git push
Your first commit

18. ● Tell Git who you are
○ git config --global user.name "Sam Smith"
○ git config --global user.email sam@example.com
● Create a new local repository
○ git init
● Checkout a repository
○ git clone /path/to/repository
○ git clone username@host:/path/to/repository
● Add files
○ git add <filename>
○ git add .
Git common commands

19. ● Commit
○ git commit -m “commit message”
○ git commit -a
● Push
○ git push origin master
● Status
○ git status
● Connect to a remote repository
○ git remote add origin <server>
○ git remote -v
Git common commands (Contd.)

20. ● Branches
○ git checkout -b <branchname>
○ git checkout <branchname>
○ git branch
○ git branch -d <branchname>
○ git push origin <branchname>
○ git push --all origin
○ git push origin :<branchname>
Git common commands (Contd.)

21. ● Update from the remote repository
○ git pull
○ git merge <branchname>
○ git diff
○ git diff --base <filename>
○ git diff <sourcebranch> <targetbranch>
○ git add <filename>
● Tags
○ git tag 1.0.0 <commitID>
○ git log
○ git push --tags origin
Git common commands (Contd.)

22. ● Undo local changes
○ git checkout -- <filename>
○ git fetch origin
○ git reset --hard origin/master
● Search
○ git grep "foo()"
Git common commands (Contd.)

23. ● Creating a new repository
● Cloning a remote repository
Git for subversion users

24. ● Inspecting history
● Committing local changes
○ Inspect your local changes
Git for subversion users (Contd.)

25. ● Committing local changes
○ add/remove changed files
○ commit your changes
Git for subversion users (Contd.)

26. ● Sharing & collaborating
Git for subversion users (Contd.)

28. Thank You
&
Next Presentation will be on
unit testing