Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a recurrent eye disorder affecting young males in hot, dry climates seasonally. It involves inflammation of the conjunctiva and cornea. Symptoms include itching, tearing, photophobia, and thick mucus discharge. Signs include papillae on the conjunctiva, plaques or ulcers on the cornea, and subepithelial scarring. Treatment involves mast cell stabilizers, antihistamines, steroids, antibiotics, and immunosuppressants applied topically or taken orally. Surgery may be needed for severe cases to remove plaques or grafts the cornea.
FOR OPTOMETRY STUDENTS, ACUTE RED EYE AND SYMPTOMS AFTER WEARING A LONG TERM CONTACT LENS WITHOUT PROPER PROCEDURE
Contact lens-induced acute red eye (CLARE) occurs in the presence of corneal hypoxia combined with noninvasive gram-negative bacteria that elicit an inflammatory reaction secondary to bacterial endotoxin. No actual corneal infection exists in this case
fungal / mycotic corneal ulcer power point presentation for O.A 2nd year stud...Vinitkumar MJ
Belong suborder Acanthopodina and the genus Acanthamoeba
• Family of free-living cyst-forming protozoans that are ubiquitous in air, soil, dust and water.
• 11 species of which A. Castellanii and A. polyphaga are the most common in keratitis
• Life cycle consist of motile trophozoite and cyst dormant stage
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
FOR OPTOMETRY STUDENTS, ACUTE RED EYE AND SYMPTOMS AFTER WEARING A LONG TERM CONTACT LENS WITHOUT PROPER PROCEDURE
Contact lens-induced acute red eye (CLARE) occurs in the presence of corneal hypoxia combined with noninvasive gram-negative bacteria that elicit an inflammatory reaction secondary to bacterial endotoxin. No actual corneal infection exists in this case
fungal / mycotic corneal ulcer power point presentation for O.A 2nd year stud...Vinitkumar MJ
Belong suborder Acanthopodina and the genus Acanthamoeba
• Family of free-living cyst-forming protozoans that are ubiquitous in air, soil, dust and water.
• 11 species of which A. Castellanii and A. polyphaga are the most common in keratitis
• Life cycle consist of motile trophozoite and cyst dormant stage
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
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Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
2. Presentation title 2
Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is
recurrent bilateral disorder in which
both IgE- and cell-mediated
immune mechanisms play
important roles. . It
characteristically affects young
males in hot dry climates in a
seasonal manner; however this is
not always the rule.
3. • Palpebral VKC primarily involves the upper tarsal conjunctiva. It may be
associated with significant corneal disease as a result of the close
apposition between the inflamed conjunctiva and the corneal epithelium
.• Limbal disease typically affects black and Asian patients.
• Mixed VKC has features of both palpebral and limbaldisease.
Presentation title 3
Classification
5. Diagnosis
Symptoms
• intense itching, which may beassociated with lacrimation
• photophobia
• a foreign body sensation
• burning and thick mucoid discharge
• Increased blinking is common
• Heaviness in eyelid
6. Presentation title 6
Signs
A)Palpebral disease
1. Early-mild disease is characterized by conjunctivalhyperaemia and diffuse velvety
papillary hypertrophy onthe superior tarsal plate
2. Macropapillae (<1 mm) have a flat-topped polygonalappearance reminiscent of
cobblestone
3. Focal or diffuse whitish inflammatory infiltrates may be seen in intense disease
4. Progression to giant papillae (>1 mm) can occur, as adjacent smaller lesions
amalgamate when dividing septa rupture
5. Mucus deposition between giant papillae
6. Decreased disease activity is characterized by milderconjunctival injection and
decreased mucus production
7.
8. B) Limbal disease
○ Gelatinous limbal
conjunctival papillae
that may be
associated with
transient apically
located white cellular
collections (Horner–
Trantas dots )
○ In tropical regions,
limbal disease may be
severe
8
10. Vernal keratopathy
10
Occours in about 50% patients of VKC frequent in palpebral disease and may take the
following forms:
• Superior punctate epithelial erosions associatedwith layers of mucus on the superior
cornea
• Epithelial macroerosions caused by a combination ofepithelial toxicity from
inflammatory mediators and adirect mechanical effect from papillae
• Plaques and ‘shield’ ulcers may developin palpebral or mixed disease when the
exposed Bowman membrane becomes coated with mucus and calcium phosphate,
leading to inadequate wetting and delayed re-epithelialization. This development is
serious and warrants urgent attention to prevent secondary bacterial infection.○
• Subepithelial scars that are typically grey and oval and may affect vision.
13. 13
○ Pseudogerontoxon can develop in recurrent
limbal disease. It is characterized by a paralimbal
band of superficial scarring resembling arcus
senilis , adjacent to a previously inflamed segment
of the limbus.
○ Vascularization does not tend to be prominent,
though some peripheral superficial vessel
ingrowth is common, especially superiorly.
○ Keratoconus and other forms of corneal ectasia
are more common in VKC and are thought to be at
least partly due to persistent eye rubbing.
○ Herpes simplex keratitis is more common than
average, though less so than in atopic
keratoconjunctivitis. It can be aggressive and is
occasionally bilateral.
14. 14
Treatment
General measures
• Allergen avoidance, if possible. An allergy specialist opinion may be requested; allergen
(e.g. patch) testing is sometimes useful, but often gives non-specific results.
• Cool compresses may be helpful.
• Lid hygiene should be used for associated staphylococcalblepharitis.
• Moisturizing cream such as E45 can be applied to dry, fissured skin
• .Bandage contact lens wear to aid healing of persistent epithelial defects.
15. Presentation title 15
Local treatment
Mast cell stabilizers (e.g. sodium cromoglicate, nedocromil sodium, lodoxamide) reduce the
frequency of acute exacerbations and the need for steroids and so form the basis of many
regimens, but are seldom effective in isolation. Several days to weeks of treatment are
needed for a reasonable response and long-term therapy may be needed (lodoxamide is not
licensed for long-term use).
Topical antihistamines (e.g. emedastine, epinastine, levocabastine, bepotastine) when used
in isolation are about as effective as mast cell stabilizers. They are suitable for acute
exacerbations but generally not for continuous long-term use, and courses of several
preparations are licensed for use only in courses of limited duration. A trial of several
different agents may be worthwhile.
Combined antihistamine and vasoconstrictor (e.g. antazoline with xylometazoline) may offer
relief in some cases.
Combined action antihistamine/mast cell stabilizers (e.g. azelastine, ketotifen, olopatadine)
are helpful in many patients and have a relatively rapid onset of action.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory preparations (e.g. ketorolac, diclofenac) may improve
comfort by blocking non-histamine mediators. Combining one of these with a mast cell
stabilizer is an effective regimen in some patients
16. • Topical steroids (e.g. fluorometholone 0.1%, rimexolone 1%, prednisolone 0.5%, loteprednol etabonate 0.2% or 0.5%) are used for
(a) severe exacerbations of conjunctivitis and (b) significant keratopathy; reducing conjunctival activity generally leads to corneal
improvement. They are usually prescribed in short but intensive (e.g. 2-hourly initially) courses, aiming for very prompt tapering.
Although the risk of elevation of intraocular pressure is low, monitoring is advisable if long-term treatment is necessary. Stronger
preparations such as prednisolone 1% can be used but carry a higher risk of steroid-induced glaucoma.
• Steroid ointment (e.g. hydrocortisone 0.5%) may be used to treat the eyelids in AKC, though as with eye drops, the duration of
treatment should be minimized and the intraocular pressure (IOP) monitore
.• Antibiotics may be used in conjunction with steroids in severe keratopathy to prevent or treat bacterial infection
.• Acetylcysteine is a mucolytic agent that is useful in VKC for dissolving mucus filaments and deposits, and addressing early plaque
formation
.• Immune modulators○ Ciclosporin (0.05–2% between two and six times daily)may be indicated if steroids are ineffective, inadequate
or poorly tolerated, or as a steroid-sparing agent in patients with severe disease. The effects typically take some weeks to be exerted,
and relapses may occur if treatment is CHAPTERConjunctiva 5 151stopped suddenly. Irritation and blurred vision arecommon.○
Calcineurin inhibitors show increasing promise as analternative to steroids in the treatment of allergic eye disease. Tacrolimus 0.03%
ointment can be effective in AKC for severe eyelid disease. Instillation into the fornices has been effective in modulating conjunctival
inflammation in refractory cases.
• Supratarsal steroid injection may be considered in severe palpebral disease or for non-compliant patients. The injection is given into
the conjunctival surface of the anaesthetized everted upper eyelid; 0.1 ml of betamethasone sodium phosphate 4 mg/ml,
dexamethasone 4 mg/ml or triamcinolone 40 mg/ml is given.
Presentation title
17. Systemic treatment
• Oral antihistamines help itching, promote sleep and reduce nocturnal eye rubbing.
Because other inflammatory mediators are involved besides histamines, effectiveness
is not assured. Some antihistamines (e.g. loratadine) cause relatively little drowsiness
.• Antibiotics (e.g. doxycycline 50–100 mg daily for 6 weeks, azithromycin 500 mg once
daily for 3 days) may be given to reduce blepharitis-aggravated inflammation, usually in
AKC
.• Immunosuppressive agents (e.g. steroids, ciclosporin, tacrolimus, azathioprine) may
be effective at relatively low doses in AKC unresponsive to other measures. Short
courses of high-dose steroids may be necessary to achieve rapid control in severe
disease. Monoclonal antibodies against T cells have shown some promise in refractory
cases
.• Other treatments that may be effective in some patients include aspirin in VKC
(avoided in children and adolescents due to Reye syndrome risk), allergen
desensitization, and plasmapheresis in patients with high serum IgE levels.
Presentation title 17
18. Surgery
• Superficial keratectomy may be required to remove plaques or debride
shield ulcers and allow epithelialization. Medical treatment must be
maintained until the cornea has re-epithelialized in order to prevent
recurrences. Excimer laser phototherapeutic keratectomy is an alternative
.• Surface maintenance/restoration surgery such asamniotic membrane
overlay grafting or lamellar keratoplasty, or eyelid procedures such as
botulinum toxin-induced ptosis or lateral tarsorrhaphy, may be required
for severe persistent epithelial defects or ulceration. Gluing may be
appropriate for focal (‘punched-out’) corneal perforations
Presentation title 18