Utility Services, Utility Piping, Process Pipelines,Difference between Utility and Process Services, Raw Water, Cooling Water, Chilled Water, Chilled Brine,Hot Oil, DM water, Nitrogen, Compressed Air, Instrument Air, Potable Water, Drinking Water, Breathing Air,Material of Construction, Lined Piping, Mortar Lined Piping, Carbon Steel, Stainless Steel, Carbon Steel Galvanized, Cast Iron,Steam, Steam Services,Steam pipelines,Exotic, Exotic Materials, Plastic Piping, Plastic,low alloy steel, Alloy steel, high alloy steel

1. UTILITY SERVICES
BY RAHUL CHAURASIYA

2. INTRODUCTION
These are the services which support the process operations without actually getting into
the process. However, some of the utilities like
1. Steam
2. Compressed Air(CA)
3. DM water
are introduced into the process fluids as per process requirements.

3. LIST OF UTILITY SERVICES
1. RAW WATER
2. COOLING WATER
3. CHILLED WATER
4. CHILLED BRINE
5. STEAM UPTO 449°C
6. STEAM 450°C AND ABOVE
7. COMPRESSED AIR
8. INSTRUMENT AIR
9. HOT OIL
10. DM WATER
11. NITROGEN
12. BREATHING AIR
13. POTABLE WATER (DRINKING
WATER)

4. PURPOSE OF UTILITY SERVICES
1. Raw water(RW) – Raw material for CW, CHW, DMW and FW
2. Cooling Water(CW) – For cooling
3. Chilled Water(CHW) – For cooling
4. Chilled Brine(CHB) – For cooling
5. Steam ( Till 449⁰C ) – For heating, sparging in process
6. Steam ( 450⁰C & above) – For heating, sparging in process
7. Compressed Air(CA) – For cleaning , raw material for instrument air

5. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN UTILITY AND
PROCESS SERVICES
UTILITY SERVICE PROCESS SERVICE
Utility services helps in performing the
process without actually getting
involved in the process.
Process services are required for the
conversion of raw materials to final
product.
Electric Resistance Welding is the
manufacturing method for utility
services.
Seamless welding is the manufacturing
method for process services.
Material used for utility service is
Carbon Steel ( A53 Gr B)
Material used for process service is
Carbon Steel ( A106 Gr B)

6. MOC’s COMMONLY USED FOR PIPELINES AND
UTILITY SERVICES ARE :
1. Cast Iron (CI)
2. Carbon Steel (CS)
3. Carbon Steel Galvanized
4. Low Alloy Steels (LAS)
5. Low Temperature Carbon Steels (LTCS)
6. Stainless Steels (SS)
7. Exotic Materials
8. Plastics
9. Lined Piping
10. CS Mortar Lined Piping

7. CAST ITON(CI)
 CI is used for Raw water(RW) and Fire water(FW) service.
 However, due to its tendency to crack under tensile stress , it is not being used now for
underground RW and FW services.
 Cast iron is very strong in compression but very weak in tensile strength.
 It is also used for Dilute Sulphuric Acid which is very corrosive service.

8. CARBON STEEL(CS)
 CS is mild steel with carbon % defined.
 It is used for most of the utility services and also for some of the non-corrosive process
services.
 It is mainly used for Raw Water(RW), Compressed Air(CA), steam ( uptill 449⁰C),
nitrogen , hot oil , chilled water, chilled brine, cooling water, fire water etc.

9. CS GALVANIZED
 This is Carbon Steel with external and internal coating of zinc.
 This coating is produced either by electro galvanizing or by dip galvanizing.
 It is used for instrument air(IA) and breathing air(BA) services.
 It is also used for drinking water service till 4´´ NB pipeline size.

10. LOW ALLOY STEEL(LAS)
 These are the steels which contain Molybdenum and Chromium as alloying elements
in CS in addition to the carbon.
 Due to these alloying elements, it has better strength at higher temperatures, 450 ⁰C
and above compared to CS.
 The low alloy steels are used for services at and above 450⁰C to 800⁰C.
 It is also used for the hydrogen service at higher temperatures.
 For steam at 450⁰C CS cannot be used and hence LAS is used for this steam service.

11. STAINLESS STEEL(SS) (SS316/304/321/347)
 These are steels which have got chromium , nickel as main alloying elements.
 These are very versatile materials which are used for the following services:
1. Demineralized water(DMW) services.
2. Process services which are corrosive.
3. At higher temperatures upto 800⁰C, where LAS cannot be used.
4. Cryogenic services which operate below -45⁰C.

12. EXOTIC MATERIALS
Following are called as Exotic MOCs are:
1. Titanium
2. Zirconium
3. Aluminium
4. Monel
5. Inconel
6. Incolloy
7. Hastolloy

13. EXOTIC MOCs
 These MOCs are used for services only when other MOCs cannot be used.
 These are costly materials which require higher fabrication cost and also require higher
erection time at site.

14. PLASTICS
Following plastic MOCs are used:
1. HDPE(High Density Polyethylene)
2. LDPE(Low Density Polyethylene)
3. PP(Poly Propylene)
4. PVDF(Poly Vinyl Di Fluoride)
5. PVC(Poly Vinyl Chloride)
6. FRP(Fibre Glass Reinforced Plastic)

15. PLASTICS
 These materials are used for low pressure and low temperatures process pipelines for
which CS cannot be used.
 These are also used for corrosive process fluids at low pressure and temperatures.

16. LINED PIPING
Following Lined Piping are used:
1. CS Rubber Lined(CSRL)
2. CS Glass Lined(CSGL)
3. CS PP Lined
4. CS PTFE Lined
5. CS PVDF Lined
6. FRP PVC Lined(PVC-FRP)

17. LINED PIPING
 Lined Piping is used when the plastic piping cannot be used due to high pressures.
 In lined piping the armour can be designed for any pressure.

18. CS MORTAR LINED PIPING
 These piping is used mostly for sea water pipelines which brings cooling water to cooling
tower from sea.
 The mortar lining is done by mortar lining machines which travel inside the pipelines
producing the mortar lining.
 The maximum size of these pipelines is 8´´ NB for doing the mortar lining by machine.

19. UTILITY SERVICES Material of Construction MAXIMUM TEMPERATURE ⁰C
Raw Water CS,CI As per code
Cooling Water CS As per code
Chilled Water CS As per code
Chilled Brine CS As per code
Steam till 449⁰C CS Till 449⁰C
Steam 450⁰C and above LAS 450⁰C and above
Compressed air CS As per code
Instrument Air CS Galvanized As per code
Hot Oil CS As per code
DM Water SS As per code
Nitrogen CS As per code
Breathing Air CS Galvanized As per code
Potable Water CS Galvanized As per code

20. THANK YOU FOR
REFERRING MY PPT