This document discusses user mobility and location management. It covers IP and mobility, including mobile IP packet routing and agent discovery. It also discusses location determination, including both handset-based and network-based position determination techniques like cell-ID, OTDOA, and GPS. Finally, it outlines different approaches for accessing and reporting location data, such as immediate services, reporting services, and accessing points of interest.

1. User mobility and Location management Present: Chen Jen

2. Outline Introduction IP and mobility Location determination Location data access

3. Introduction Maintain an IP connection when roaming between network Describe handset-based and network-base to determine mobile user location. Location track approaches.

4. Outline Introduction IP and mobility Location determination Location data access

5. IP and mobility Introduction Mobile IP packet routing Agent discovery and registration

6. Introduction(1) IP is network interface It is unique Network prefix and host portion consist an IP For example: IPv4 is 32bits address 128.32.17.25 Network prefix Host portion

7. Introduction(2) New version is IPv6 It is 128bits Mobile operators are strong advocate the IPv6

8. IP and mobility Introduction Mobile IP packet routing Agent discovery and registration

9. Mobile IP packet routing

10. IP and mobility Introduction Mobile IP packet routing Agent discovery and registration

11. Agent discovery and registration Mobile terminal need listen “ agent advertisements ” If no hear any things,it can issue “ agent solicitation ” If no response, it can be assigned internet address by DHCP

12. Agent discovery and registration IPv4 need foreign agent IPv6 no need foreign agent Terminal run “ duplicate address detection ” algorithm to be assigned address

13. Outline Introduction IP and mobility Location determination Location data access

14. Location determination Introduction Handset-based position determination Network-based position determination

15. Introduction(1) Geocode includes Latitude Longitude Altitude Geocodes can be expressed Decimal form Nautical form

16. Introduction(2)

17. Introduction(3) Nautical form: 42 º2’47”N 87º41’40”W Decimal form: Latitude 42.04635 Longitude -8769454

18. Introduction(4) Three wireless location technologies for 3G network Cell-ID-based method Observed Time Difference of Arrival (OTDOA) Assisted Global Positioning System (A-GPS)

19. Location determination Introduction Handset-based position determination Network-based position determination

20. Handset-based position determination Use mobile terminal to compute position OTDOA positioning GPS positioning

21. OTDOA positioning(1) Use two pairs of cell sites to sent each corresponding time Measurement use difference of arrival time to draw a hyperbolic locus The intersection of the two hyperbolic loci determines position

22. OTDOA positioning(2)

23. Handset-based position determination Use mobile terminal to compute position OTDOA positioning GPS positioning

24. GPS positioning(1) A satellite navigation system Total of 24 GPS satellites Only need four GPS satellites to compute position Galileo will own 27 operational satellites in 2008

25. GPS positioning(2) GPS main errors are Signal propagation delays Multipath fading More accurate position computations were introduced Differential GPS (D-GPS) Assisted GPS (A-GPS)

26. GPS positioning(3) D-GPS

27. GPS positioning(4) A-GPS

28. Location determination Introduction Handset-based position determination Network-based position determination

29. Network-based position determination(1) No require upgrades Cell sites need special equipment Cell identification(cell-ID) is most basic and inaccurate Accuracy of cell-ID is about 150 meters in urban area 30 kilometers in rural areas

30. Network-based position determination(2) Network-based OTDOA discriminate Location Measurement Units (LMUs) Location Service Center (LSC) LMUs record time of arrival of radio signals LSC compute the LMUs hyperbolic locus and intersectional point

31. Network-based position determination(3)

32. Outline Introduction IP and mobility Location determination Location data access

33. Location data access (1) Standard location immediate service Emergency location immediate service Standard location reporting service Emergency location reporting service Triggered location reporting service

34. Location data access (2) POI =Point of interest