The current tight competition in developing University websites forces developers to create better products that meet users needs and convinient. There are at least two factors representing university websites; accessibility and usability. We test three criteria of accessibility and usability that are called stickiness, backlink, and web page loading time. Usability and accessibility are closely related to subjective user judgments. Human judgment cannot be valid. Thus the use of fuzzy numbers are expected to provide solutions in calculating the results. In this research, the question of usability is a multi criteria decision-making problem that is caused by its complex structure. We use the Logarithmic Fuzzy Preference Programming (LFPP) method, which is a refinement of the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process method, to solve this problem. This research aims to re- assess the rank of five Indonesian university websites. Based on LFPP method, we obtain that the equation of model gets high consistency of the set priority matching to fuzzy pairwise comparison matrix of three selection criteria. The calculation results show that stickiness is the most significant factor that affects the quality of the websites.
Bringing Consistency in the Websites of Higher Educational Institutes (HEIs)...IOSR Journals
This document discusses bringing consistency to the websites of higher education institutions (HEIs) in Pakistan. It begins by outlining the importance of consistency in website design for usability. A study was conducted that involved interviews with stakeholders from HEIs and the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan to identify common features and functions on HEI websites. A questionnaire was also distributed to students and faculty to evaluate consistency across different university websites. The results showed that most HEI websites in Pakistan lack consistency and standardization in their design. The document concludes by proposing a framework for designing consistent and usable HEI websites in Pakistan.
Online Intelligent Semantic Performance Based Solution: The Milestone towards...AM Publications
As we analyse the computer application undergraduate logical-based courses in an assorted
environment of online assignments and exams and offline lectures, and exhibit the impact on academic routine of
factors such as classroom attendance, web-based course complement, and homework. We present grades from both
ordinary front ends and where the latter method controls for unobserved variation among students. A system
tailored intelligent instructional evaluation will generate the students, teachers & administration concepts,
discussing the predisposition in estimation when the ordinary evaluation method is used, resulting from the fact
that it ignores unobserved assorted. It also reduces the administrator’s load and helps provide the flexibility to
teacher’s need for mass evaluation. The Online Intelligent Semantic Performance based Solution is web
applications that ascertain an association between the institutes and the students. Institutes enter on the site, the
concepts they want in the exam. The questions based on the relevant concept and the syllabus is displayed as a test
to the eligible students. The answers entered by the students are then evaluated and their score is calculated and
saved. This score then can be accessed by the institutes to determine the passes students or to evaluate their
performance. It has been successfully applied to the distance evaluation of basic operating skills of computer
science, such as the course of computer skills in Universities and the local examination for the under graduates in
faridabad, Haryana.
Benchmarking level interactivity of Indonesia government university websitesTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Website interactivity is increasingly essential for higher education institutions in maintaining their relationship with stakeholders. However, limited is known what the level interactivity of a university website is without comparing with other similar educational institutions. Through the use of website content analysis and benchmarking strategy, we evaluate 41 government university website for benchmarking purposes. Base on thirteen interactive criteria, we successfully benchmarked the government university websites and built a-five levels of websites interactivity with different features. Our study highlights that higher level interactivity of website contains more feature that support a two-way communication between university and consumers, while lower level of websites interactivity merely have basic features for communication. The findings suggest the highest level of websites interactivity, the more features they should have. More importantly, the findings suggest web developer to design more interactive features in developing a higher level of website interactivity.
E 5 development-of_a_data_management_system_for_studEdress Oryakhail
Abstract
With the advances of information technology nowadays, it is more than appropriate for an educational
institution to make use of the existing technology to ease the process of managing students’ data and grades.
One of the applications needed by the Information Systems department is a data management system for
student’s final year projects that can manage their grades and generate full reports.
This system will be developed as a web-based system, with access limited only to the university's local network.
To design this new system, analyses of the current final year project procedure, data and grade management will
be conducted. The results of the analyses will form the foundation of the design and development of a database
management system – the core support of the data management system. The interface of the system will be
designed and built on the principles of usability.
It is aimed that both the department's administration and the Head of Department can benefit from using this
system to input, manage and view students' final year projects and the respective grades.
This document provides an introduction and overview of a proposed student attendance monitoring system with parent portal. It discusses the need for the system due to issues with traditional methods of informing parents about student absenteeism. The proposed system will have two platforms - a window-based system to record attendance and grades, and a web-based parent portal. If a student is absent, an SMS will be sent to parents. The parent portal will allow parents to view their child's attendance and grades. The document outlines the objectives and functionality of both the window and web-based systems. It also discusses the technologies that will be used such as VB.NET, MySQL, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and AJAX.
Rule-based expert systems for supporting university studentsertekg
Download Link > https://ertekprojects.com/gurdal-ertek-publications/blog/rule-based-expert-systems-for-supporting-university-students/
There are more than 15 million college students in the US alone. Academic advising for courses and scholarships is typically performed by human advisors, bringing an immense managerial workload to faculty members, as well as other staff at universities. This paper reports and discusses the development of two educational expert systems at a private international university. The first expert system is a course advising system which recommends courses to undergraduate students. The second system suggests scholarships to undergraduate students based on their eligibility. While there have been reported systems for course advising, the literature does not seem to contain any references to expert systems for scholarship recommendation and eligibility checking. Therefore the scholarship recommender that we developed is first of its kind. Both systems have been implemented and tested using Oracle Policy Automation (OPA) software.
Generating a Domain Specific Inspection Evaluation Method through an Adaptive...Waqas Tariq
The growth of the Internet and related technologies has enabled the development of a new breed of dynamic websites and applications that are growing rapidly in use and that have had a great impact on many businesses. These websites need to be continuously evaluated and monitored to measure their efficiency and effectiveness, to assess user satisfaction, and ultimately to improve their quality. Nearly all the studies have used Heuristic Evaluation (HE) and User Testing (UT) methodologies, which have become the accepted methods for the usability evaluation of User Interface Design (UID); however, the former is general, and unlikely to encompass all usability attributes for all website domains. The latter is expensive, time consuming and misses consistency problems. To address this need, new evaluation method is developed using traditional evaluations (HE and UT) in novel ways.
The lack of a methodological framework that can be used to generate a domain-specific evaluation method, which can then be used to improve the usability assessment process for a product in any chosen domain, represents a missing area in usability testing. This paper proposes an adapting framework and evaluates it by generating an evaluation method for assessing and improving the usability of a product, called Domain Specific Inspection (DSI), and then analysing it empirically by applying it on the educational domain. Our experiments show that the adaptive framework is able to build a formative and summative evaluation method that provides optimal results with regard to the identification of comprehensive usability problem areas and relevant usability evaluation method (UEM) metrics, with minimum input in terms of the cost and time usually spent on employing UEMs.
The document provides an introduction to a study on developing an online system for St. James Academy in Malabon City, Philippines. It discusses the background of St. James Academy and describes the general and specific objectives of the proposed system. The system aims to help the school improve their process of viewing grades and help advertise the school online. It will include modules for enrollment requirements, school information, uploading files, viewing grades, and login for teachers and students. The study also states some problems with the current manual process that the new system hopes to address and the significance of the study.
Bringing Consistency in the Websites of Higher Educational Institutes (HEIs)...IOSR Journals
This document discusses bringing consistency to the websites of higher education institutions (HEIs) in Pakistan. It begins by outlining the importance of consistency in website design for usability. A study was conducted that involved interviews with stakeholders from HEIs and the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan to identify common features and functions on HEI websites. A questionnaire was also distributed to students and faculty to evaluate consistency across different university websites. The results showed that most HEI websites in Pakistan lack consistency and standardization in their design. The document concludes by proposing a framework for designing consistent and usable HEI websites in Pakistan.
Online Intelligent Semantic Performance Based Solution: The Milestone towards...AM Publications
As we analyse the computer application undergraduate logical-based courses in an assorted
environment of online assignments and exams and offline lectures, and exhibit the impact on academic routine of
factors such as classroom attendance, web-based course complement, and homework. We present grades from both
ordinary front ends and where the latter method controls for unobserved variation among students. A system
tailored intelligent instructional evaluation will generate the students, teachers & administration concepts,
discussing the predisposition in estimation when the ordinary evaluation method is used, resulting from the fact
that it ignores unobserved assorted. It also reduces the administrator’s load and helps provide the flexibility to
teacher’s need for mass evaluation. The Online Intelligent Semantic Performance based Solution is web
applications that ascertain an association between the institutes and the students. Institutes enter on the site, the
concepts they want in the exam. The questions based on the relevant concept and the syllabus is displayed as a test
to the eligible students. The answers entered by the students are then evaluated and their score is calculated and
saved. This score then can be accessed by the institutes to determine the passes students or to evaluate their
performance. It has been successfully applied to the distance evaluation of basic operating skills of computer
science, such as the course of computer skills in Universities and the local examination for the under graduates in
faridabad, Haryana.
Benchmarking level interactivity of Indonesia government university websitesTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Website interactivity is increasingly essential for higher education institutions in maintaining their relationship with stakeholders. However, limited is known what the level interactivity of a university website is without comparing with other similar educational institutions. Through the use of website content analysis and benchmarking strategy, we evaluate 41 government university website for benchmarking purposes. Base on thirteen interactive criteria, we successfully benchmarked the government university websites and built a-five levels of websites interactivity with different features. Our study highlights that higher level interactivity of website contains more feature that support a two-way communication between university and consumers, while lower level of websites interactivity merely have basic features for communication. The findings suggest the highest level of websites interactivity, the more features they should have. More importantly, the findings suggest web developer to design more interactive features in developing a higher level of website interactivity.
E 5 development-of_a_data_management_system_for_studEdress Oryakhail
Abstract
With the advances of information technology nowadays, it is more than appropriate for an educational
institution to make use of the existing technology to ease the process of managing students’ data and grades.
One of the applications needed by the Information Systems department is a data management system for
student’s final year projects that can manage their grades and generate full reports.
This system will be developed as a web-based system, with access limited only to the university's local network.
To design this new system, analyses of the current final year project procedure, data and grade management will
be conducted. The results of the analyses will form the foundation of the design and development of a database
management system – the core support of the data management system. The interface of the system will be
designed and built on the principles of usability.
It is aimed that both the department's administration and the Head of Department can benefit from using this
system to input, manage and view students' final year projects and the respective grades.
This document provides an introduction and overview of a proposed student attendance monitoring system with parent portal. It discusses the need for the system due to issues with traditional methods of informing parents about student absenteeism. The proposed system will have two platforms - a window-based system to record attendance and grades, and a web-based parent portal. If a student is absent, an SMS will be sent to parents. The parent portal will allow parents to view their child's attendance and grades. The document outlines the objectives and functionality of both the window and web-based systems. It also discusses the technologies that will be used such as VB.NET, MySQL, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and AJAX.
Rule-based expert systems for supporting university studentsertekg
Download Link > https://ertekprojects.com/gurdal-ertek-publications/blog/rule-based-expert-systems-for-supporting-university-students/
There are more than 15 million college students in the US alone. Academic advising for courses and scholarships is typically performed by human advisors, bringing an immense managerial workload to faculty members, as well as other staff at universities. This paper reports and discusses the development of two educational expert systems at a private international university. The first expert system is a course advising system which recommends courses to undergraduate students. The second system suggests scholarships to undergraduate students based on their eligibility. While there have been reported systems for course advising, the literature does not seem to contain any references to expert systems for scholarship recommendation and eligibility checking. Therefore the scholarship recommender that we developed is first of its kind. Both systems have been implemented and tested using Oracle Policy Automation (OPA) software.
Generating a Domain Specific Inspection Evaluation Method through an Adaptive...Waqas Tariq
The growth of the Internet and related technologies has enabled the development of a new breed of dynamic websites and applications that are growing rapidly in use and that have had a great impact on many businesses. These websites need to be continuously evaluated and monitored to measure their efficiency and effectiveness, to assess user satisfaction, and ultimately to improve their quality. Nearly all the studies have used Heuristic Evaluation (HE) and User Testing (UT) methodologies, which have become the accepted methods for the usability evaluation of User Interface Design (UID); however, the former is general, and unlikely to encompass all usability attributes for all website domains. The latter is expensive, time consuming and misses consistency problems. To address this need, new evaluation method is developed using traditional evaluations (HE and UT) in novel ways.
The lack of a methodological framework that can be used to generate a domain-specific evaluation method, which can then be used to improve the usability assessment process for a product in any chosen domain, represents a missing area in usability testing. This paper proposes an adapting framework and evaluates it by generating an evaluation method for assessing and improving the usability of a product, called Domain Specific Inspection (DSI), and then analysing it empirically by applying it on the educational domain. Our experiments show that the adaptive framework is able to build a formative and summative evaluation method that provides optimal results with regard to the identification of comprehensive usability problem areas and relevant usability evaluation method (UEM) metrics, with minimum input in terms of the cost and time usually spent on employing UEMs.
The document provides an introduction to a study on developing an online system for St. James Academy in Malabon City, Philippines. It discusses the background of St. James Academy and describes the general and specific objectives of the proposed system. The system aims to help the school improve their process of viewing grades and help advertise the school online. It will include modules for enrollment requirements, school information, uploading files, viewing grades, and login for teachers and students. The study also states some problems with the current manual process that the new system hopes to address and the significance of the study.
Adaptive Question Recommendation System Based on Student Achievementijtsrd
In this research, it is aimed to determine the success level of the students according to the answers given in the previous exams with TOPSIS method, to send the question to the related student by the authorized teacher according to the determined success level, to analyze the students periodical weekly monthly yearly performance with graphical data and to create a data bank and to determine the overall performance of the student. Developmental research technique was used, which is one of the design based research method derivatives including the design of educational tools. This study consists of question suggestion and question selection tool components. Adaptive question suggestion system perform generation, storage, classification, disclosure and publication of the content. The software has been successfully tested by 350 students and teachers by using 1000 questions prepared by the educator about the courses and subjects previously defined. As a result, it is seen that students check all the questions related to courses and subjects in the application database and submit the most appropriate question to the requestor in response to the question requests. Also it is observed that the TOPSIS algorithm quickly determined the desired number of questions from the question bank formed by the authorized teacher in accordance with the required criteria, and the process of creating a trial or subject test was performed successfully. ‡akir, A. | Yilmaz Ince, E. | Babanyyazova, Y. "Adaptive Question Recommendation System Based on Student Achievement" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-1 , December 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29789.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/29789/adaptive-question-recommendation-system-based-on-student-achievement/%C3%A7akir-a
Two-Scheme Grading Management and Student Profiling SystemRix Morales
This document provides an introduction and background to a study on developing an automated grading system for San Isidro Elementary School. It discusses how computer technologies are changing education and the benefits of automating routine tasks like grading. The document then outlines the project context, defining key attributes like stakeholders, needs analysis, and deliverables. Finally, it introduces the conceptual model which focuses on designing a system to automate grades computation, recording, and file management in a more efficient manner than the current manual system.
Load balancing clustering on moodle LMS to overcome performance issue of e-le...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In dealing with the rapid growth of digitalization, the e-learning system has become a mandatory component of any Higher Education (HE) to serve academic processes requests. Along with the increasing number of users, the need for service availability and capabilities of eLearning are increasing day by day. The organization should always look for strategies to keep the eLearning always able to meet these demands. This report presents the implementation of Load Balancing Clustering (LBC) mechanism applied to Moodle LMS in an HE Institution to deal with the poor performance issues. By utilizing existing tools such as HAProxy and keepalived, the implemented LBC configuration delivers a qualified e-learning system performance. Both qualitative and quantitative parameters convince better performance than before. In four months of the operation there is no user complaint received. Meanwhile, in the current semester has been running for two months, the up-time is 99.8 % of 52.685 minutes operational time.
This document discusses the planning and design of a web-based teaching evaluation system. It begins by outlining the limitations of traditional paper-based evaluation systems, such as being labor intensive and resulting in delays. The document then proposes moving to an online system, which offers increased efficiency, flexibility and accessibility. It discusses stakeholder needs assessment, literature reviews of existing university systems, and design considerations such as customization options, data security, and response rates. The proposed system would use a client-server model with a MYSQL database to store evaluation responses. The goal is to create a flexible system that integrates with other university systems and meets stakeholder needs.
Critical Analysis of ERP Concept in Educational SectorSheikhRizwan8
This document discusses research on the impacts of enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems in educational institutions. It notes that while ERP implementations are costly, many fail to meet expectations or improve performance. Previous research has focused on implementation factors but not user impacts. The proposed research aims to evaluate how ERP systems impact user performance in universities using an established theoretical framework. Understanding user performance is important as users drive ERP value. The research seeks to explain actual ERP benefits and address a gap in comprehensively evaluating ERP impacts on users and performance.
This study aimed to develop a model to measure students' acceptance of online enrollment processes at higher education institutions. The researcher adapted the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) by adding the variable "perceived satisfaction" to measure students' perceptions of ease of use, usefulness, and satisfaction of online enrollment. An online survey was administered based on the modified TAM to assess relationships between these perceptions and students' acceptance of online enrollment. The results supported the reliability and validity of the modified TAM for evaluating how students perceive and accept virtual enrollment processes as higher education adopts more online systems and services.
The document summarizes a student project on developing a mobile application called the PAFA Management System to help teachers manage student data and records related to an Islamic studies subject more effectively. It includes sections on the project background and problems with current manual systems, objectives to design a student registration and mobile app, system scope for teachers, parents and administrators, and limitations. It also describes the methodology used, including requirements analysis, design of diagrams, development and implementation, testing, and maintenance. Key diagrams created include context diagrams, data flow diagrams, and an entity relationship diagram.
This paper introduces the competency models for Operations Manager, User Interface
Designer, and Application Developers. It will serve as a guide for Information Systems students
to identify which among the three of the offered tracks would be most suited for them to pursue
according to their knowledge, skills, values and interests. The Holland’s RIASEC model and the
Values Search model of Bronwyn and Holt were utilized to determine the most dominant interest
and most dominant values of the industry computing experts. Survey assessment forms were sent
to IT Operations Manager, User Interface Designer, and Application Developer. Most dominant
values and interests of industry computing experts were determined as well as the knowledge
and skills which are mostly required by the industry in their particular area. Based on the result
of the survey, it shows that application developer and user interface designer have a closely
related values. Thus a second round of a survey would be needed to come up with the most
exclusive dominant values for the particular information systems specialization track.
This document summarizes a feasibility study conducted by the North Carolina Community College System to determine the best learning management system (LMS) solution for the system. It evaluated Blackboard and Moodle based on interoperability, cost effectiveness, support/training, ease of use, scalability, and sustainability. It concluded that supporting both Blackboard and Moodle simultaneously is the best short-term solution, as migrating all colleges to one system would be too disruptive. It recommends establishing committees to support each LMS and adopting operational/business requirements to promote integration and control costs across the system.
Beyond Recruitment and Retention: Success via a Data-Centric Technology Eco-S...IT Consultant
Presentation by David Stevens and Aarti Deshmukh from Lehman College, City University of New York, at the EduWeb Digital Summit 2015 Conference in Chicago. Conference session focused on developing a data-centric digital strategy. Goals include providing a better user experience for Lehman's students by streamlining key technology and communication systems and creating a centralized data warehouse to better inform decision making and student intervention strategies to increase enrollment, retention, and graduation rates.
IRJET- Predicting Academic Performance based on Social ActivitiesIRJET Journal
This document discusses predicting student academic performance based on their social media activities in an online learning environment. It presents a study of 343 students in a computer science course that used social tools like wikis, blogs, and microblogging for collaboration. The study collected data on student activities and used regression algorithms, including a novel Large Margin Nearest Neighbor Regression approach, to predict student grades based on their social media usage. The models achieved good prediction accuracy, outperforming other common regression algorithms.
The document discusses the development of a computer-based grading system for the Technological University of the Philippines. It aims to replace the current manual grading system by automatically importing grades from teacher records and printing them in different formats. The proposed system would also allow storage and access of old student data. It seeks to address problems with the current system like delays in grade submission and issuance. The computer-based grading system would create a more user-friendly interface using a database to store student information. It is intended to benefit faculty by reducing effort, students by lessening delays, and the university by improving processing of grade reports. The scope is limited to implementation of the system using Visual Basic and Microsoft Access.
This document outlines a thesis proposal for developing an online grade inquiry system for Notre Dame of Kalamansig in the Philippines. The proposal discusses how the current manual grade distribution process is time-consuming and inefficient as the student population has increased. The proposed online system would allow students to view and print their grades online via a website using any internet-connected device. The objectives, scope, limitations and significance of the study are provided. A review of related literature on online grading systems and the importance of securely storing student grades is also presented.
Overall: Studyx is a new education system framework based on an ecosystem of interconnected educational apps and a platform for their rapid creation and development. The platform provides tools for creating adaptive educational apps using micro-formats of knowledge, a common LMS, and content storage. It also includes a growing user base through single sign-on across apps and an analytical platform. This unified learning environment allows for easy, fast, and cheap creation of powerful apps to develop a self-sustaining education system tailored to personal needs.
Chapter 2-Realated literature and StudiesMercy Daracan
This chapter reviews related literature and studies relevant to the present study. It discusses ideas from local and foreign sources on the importance of computer information technology and information systems. It also examines related theories like the iterative implementation approach and discusses how technologies like WAMP5, Windows 7, and web-based systems have influenced various fields and processes like enrollment. Finally, it summarizes some related local studies that have developed web-based enrollment systems to make the enrollment process more efficient.
Transferrable information management skills through the use of simulations to...RAILS7
The document outlines a project that used simulations and work-integrated learning to enhance information management skills for students through real-life applications at hospitals. Students from RMIT University in Australia and Vietnam participated in simulations at hospitals in both countries before being assigned projects for Da Nang General Hospital in Vietnam, such as developing databases and policy documents. Evaluations found that information management skills are transferable to other environments and future directions could include extending the project and further analyzing the data collected.
The document discusses various topics related to grading systems, including:
1) Grading systems are designed to provide incentives for achievement and identify student problems.
2) Many papers and theses discuss developing computerized or online grading systems to automate the grading process.
3) Automating grading systems aims to reduce errors, save time, and easily track student performance records.
The document outlines the proposed Attendance Monitoring System for Marinduque Academy Inc. It currently faces problems with manually recording student attendance and a lack of communication between the school and parents. The objectives of the new system are to provide computerized attendance monitoring, communication between parents and school, and SMS notifications to parents. The scope of the system will be to manage attendance records in a database, allow searches and reports, automatically log attendance via fingerprint scanning, and send SMS messages to parents with student arrival times and absences. However, the system will only monitor overall student attendance and not track class schedules or faculty attendance.
Thesis in IT Online Grade Encoding and Inquiry System via SMS TechnologyBelLa Bhe
This document provides background information on an online grade encoding and inquiry system via SMS technology for the San Mateo Municipal College. It discusses the college's current manual grading system and the problems with it, such as the long process for students to inquire about their grades. The objectives of developing a new online system are outlined, including allowing instructors to encode grades online and students to inquire about grades via SMS. The scope and limitations of the new system are also defined. Finally, the significance of the study in benefiting instructors, students, administrators, and future researchers is described.
Evaluating Perceived Quality of B-School WebsitesIOSR Journals
Websites are a window for the world for looking in most of the Information and a gateway for many activities. Websites are not only a necessity but also mandatory for B-Schools. A B-School Website serves as portal to all stakeholders in addition to being an information placeholder. The Websites serves from being an administrative tool to a Learning Management system. The utility and the effectiveness of website depend on the quality of the service it provides to the surfer. A study was undertaken to survey the various features of a B-School Website that could serve as a Quality Function Deployment (QFD) touchstones. In addition, the influence of perceived quality on the user satisfaction was also studied. A focus group of B-School Students evaluated the Websites and scored a checklist cum questionnaire. The results highlight the most frequently found features and the least found features of a B-School Website. The factors that are important for creating a quality website are also found. This study will help the B-school administrators and the Website designers to create a quality and satisfying Websites.
A Fuzzy Expert System for Assessing the InternetStores Based on Web Site Attr...IDES Editor
Purpose of this research is determining the success
of online shopping stores by an intelligent system. Here a
Fuzzy Expert System has been designed with the consideration
of website attributes as input variables. The web site success
level is determined in this system as output.
The rules of systems have been extracted from some ecommerce
experts and the systems have been developed with
the use of FIS tool of MATLAB software. The final result
contains an anticipating model for evaluating level of web
site success of shopping centers based on website factors
situation. The presented steps have been run in four online
bookstores as the empirical study.
Adaptive Question Recommendation System Based on Student Achievementijtsrd
In this research, it is aimed to determine the success level of the students according to the answers given in the previous exams with TOPSIS method, to send the question to the related student by the authorized teacher according to the determined success level, to analyze the students periodical weekly monthly yearly performance with graphical data and to create a data bank and to determine the overall performance of the student. Developmental research technique was used, which is one of the design based research method derivatives including the design of educational tools. This study consists of question suggestion and question selection tool components. Adaptive question suggestion system perform generation, storage, classification, disclosure and publication of the content. The software has been successfully tested by 350 students and teachers by using 1000 questions prepared by the educator about the courses and subjects previously defined. As a result, it is seen that students check all the questions related to courses and subjects in the application database and submit the most appropriate question to the requestor in response to the question requests. Also it is observed that the TOPSIS algorithm quickly determined the desired number of questions from the question bank formed by the authorized teacher in accordance with the required criteria, and the process of creating a trial or subject test was performed successfully. ‡akir, A. | Yilmaz Ince, E. | Babanyyazova, Y. "Adaptive Question Recommendation System Based on Student Achievement" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-1 , December 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29789.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/other/29789/adaptive-question-recommendation-system-based-on-student-achievement/%C3%A7akir-a
Two-Scheme Grading Management and Student Profiling SystemRix Morales
This document provides an introduction and background to a study on developing an automated grading system for San Isidro Elementary School. It discusses how computer technologies are changing education and the benefits of automating routine tasks like grading. The document then outlines the project context, defining key attributes like stakeholders, needs analysis, and deliverables. Finally, it introduces the conceptual model which focuses on designing a system to automate grades computation, recording, and file management in a more efficient manner than the current manual system.
Load balancing clustering on moodle LMS to overcome performance issue of e-le...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In dealing with the rapid growth of digitalization, the e-learning system has become a mandatory component of any Higher Education (HE) to serve academic processes requests. Along with the increasing number of users, the need for service availability and capabilities of eLearning are increasing day by day. The organization should always look for strategies to keep the eLearning always able to meet these demands. This report presents the implementation of Load Balancing Clustering (LBC) mechanism applied to Moodle LMS in an HE Institution to deal with the poor performance issues. By utilizing existing tools such as HAProxy and keepalived, the implemented LBC configuration delivers a qualified e-learning system performance. Both qualitative and quantitative parameters convince better performance than before. In four months of the operation there is no user complaint received. Meanwhile, in the current semester has been running for two months, the up-time is 99.8 % of 52.685 minutes operational time.
This document discusses the planning and design of a web-based teaching evaluation system. It begins by outlining the limitations of traditional paper-based evaluation systems, such as being labor intensive and resulting in delays. The document then proposes moving to an online system, which offers increased efficiency, flexibility and accessibility. It discusses stakeholder needs assessment, literature reviews of existing university systems, and design considerations such as customization options, data security, and response rates. The proposed system would use a client-server model with a MYSQL database to store evaluation responses. The goal is to create a flexible system that integrates with other university systems and meets stakeholder needs.
Critical Analysis of ERP Concept in Educational SectorSheikhRizwan8
This document discusses research on the impacts of enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems in educational institutions. It notes that while ERP implementations are costly, many fail to meet expectations or improve performance. Previous research has focused on implementation factors but not user impacts. The proposed research aims to evaluate how ERP systems impact user performance in universities using an established theoretical framework. Understanding user performance is important as users drive ERP value. The research seeks to explain actual ERP benefits and address a gap in comprehensively evaluating ERP impacts on users and performance.
This study aimed to develop a model to measure students' acceptance of online enrollment processes at higher education institutions. The researcher adapted the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) by adding the variable "perceived satisfaction" to measure students' perceptions of ease of use, usefulness, and satisfaction of online enrollment. An online survey was administered based on the modified TAM to assess relationships between these perceptions and students' acceptance of online enrollment. The results supported the reliability and validity of the modified TAM for evaluating how students perceive and accept virtual enrollment processes as higher education adopts more online systems and services.
The document summarizes a student project on developing a mobile application called the PAFA Management System to help teachers manage student data and records related to an Islamic studies subject more effectively. It includes sections on the project background and problems with current manual systems, objectives to design a student registration and mobile app, system scope for teachers, parents and administrators, and limitations. It also describes the methodology used, including requirements analysis, design of diagrams, development and implementation, testing, and maintenance. Key diagrams created include context diagrams, data flow diagrams, and an entity relationship diagram.
This paper introduces the competency models for Operations Manager, User Interface
Designer, and Application Developers. It will serve as a guide for Information Systems students
to identify which among the three of the offered tracks would be most suited for them to pursue
according to their knowledge, skills, values and interests. The Holland’s RIASEC model and the
Values Search model of Bronwyn and Holt were utilized to determine the most dominant interest
and most dominant values of the industry computing experts. Survey assessment forms were sent
to IT Operations Manager, User Interface Designer, and Application Developer. Most dominant
values and interests of industry computing experts were determined as well as the knowledge
and skills which are mostly required by the industry in their particular area. Based on the result
of the survey, it shows that application developer and user interface designer have a closely
related values. Thus a second round of a survey would be needed to come up with the most
exclusive dominant values for the particular information systems specialization track.
This document summarizes a feasibility study conducted by the North Carolina Community College System to determine the best learning management system (LMS) solution for the system. It evaluated Blackboard and Moodle based on interoperability, cost effectiveness, support/training, ease of use, scalability, and sustainability. It concluded that supporting both Blackboard and Moodle simultaneously is the best short-term solution, as migrating all colleges to one system would be too disruptive. It recommends establishing committees to support each LMS and adopting operational/business requirements to promote integration and control costs across the system.
Beyond Recruitment and Retention: Success via a Data-Centric Technology Eco-S...IT Consultant
Presentation by David Stevens and Aarti Deshmukh from Lehman College, City University of New York, at the EduWeb Digital Summit 2015 Conference in Chicago. Conference session focused on developing a data-centric digital strategy. Goals include providing a better user experience for Lehman's students by streamlining key technology and communication systems and creating a centralized data warehouse to better inform decision making and student intervention strategies to increase enrollment, retention, and graduation rates.
IRJET- Predicting Academic Performance based on Social ActivitiesIRJET Journal
This document discusses predicting student academic performance based on their social media activities in an online learning environment. It presents a study of 343 students in a computer science course that used social tools like wikis, blogs, and microblogging for collaboration. The study collected data on student activities and used regression algorithms, including a novel Large Margin Nearest Neighbor Regression approach, to predict student grades based on their social media usage. The models achieved good prediction accuracy, outperforming other common regression algorithms.
The document discusses the development of a computer-based grading system for the Technological University of the Philippines. It aims to replace the current manual grading system by automatically importing grades from teacher records and printing them in different formats. The proposed system would also allow storage and access of old student data. It seeks to address problems with the current system like delays in grade submission and issuance. The computer-based grading system would create a more user-friendly interface using a database to store student information. It is intended to benefit faculty by reducing effort, students by lessening delays, and the university by improving processing of grade reports. The scope is limited to implementation of the system using Visual Basic and Microsoft Access.
This document outlines a thesis proposal for developing an online grade inquiry system for Notre Dame of Kalamansig in the Philippines. The proposal discusses how the current manual grade distribution process is time-consuming and inefficient as the student population has increased. The proposed online system would allow students to view and print their grades online via a website using any internet-connected device. The objectives, scope, limitations and significance of the study are provided. A review of related literature on online grading systems and the importance of securely storing student grades is also presented.
Overall: Studyx is a new education system framework based on an ecosystem of interconnected educational apps and a platform for their rapid creation and development. The platform provides tools for creating adaptive educational apps using micro-formats of knowledge, a common LMS, and content storage. It also includes a growing user base through single sign-on across apps and an analytical platform. This unified learning environment allows for easy, fast, and cheap creation of powerful apps to develop a self-sustaining education system tailored to personal needs.
Chapter 2-Realated literature and StudiesMercy Daracan
This chapter reviews related literature and studies relevant to the present study. It discusses ideas from local and foreign sources on the importance of computer information technology and information systems. It also examines related theories like the iterative implementation approach and discusses how technologies like WAMP5, Windows 7, and web-based systems have influenced various fields and processes like enrollment. Finally, it summarizes some related local studies that have developed web-based enrollment systems to make the enrollment process more efficient.
Transferrable information management skills through the use of simulations to...RAILS7
The document outlines a project that used simulations and work-integrated learning to enhance information management skills for students through real-life applications at hospitals. Students from RMIT University in Australia and Vietnam participated in simulations at hospitals in both countries before being assigned projects for Da Nang General Hospital in Vietnam, such as developing databases and policy documents. Evaluations found that information management skills are transferable to other environments and future directions could include extending the project and further analyzing the data collected.
The document discusses various topics related to grading systems, including:
1) Grading systems are designed to provide incentives for achievement and identify student problems.
2) Many papers and theses discuss developing computerized or online grading systems to automate the grading process.
3) Automating grading systems aims to reduce errors, save time, and easily track student performance records.
The document outlines the proposed Attendance Monitoring System for Marinduque Academy Inc. It currently faces problems with manually recording student attendance and a lack of communication between the school and parents. The objectives of the new system are to provide computerized attendance monitoring, communication between parents and school, and SMS notifications to parents. The scope of the system will be to manage attendance records in a database, allow searches and reports, automatically log attendance via fingerprint scanning, and send SMS messages to parents with student arrival times and absences. However, the system will only monitor overall student attendance and not track class schedules or faculty attendance.
Thesis in IT Online Grade Encoding and Inquiry System via SMS TechnologyBelLa Bhe
This document provides background information on an online grade encoding and inquiry system via SMS technology for the San Mateo Municipal College. It discusses the college's current manual grading system and the problems with it, such as the long process for students to inquire about their grades. The objectives of developing a new online system are outlined, including allowing instructors to encode grades online and students to inquire about grades via SMS. The scope and limitations of the new system are also defined. Finally, the significance of the study in benefiting instructors, students, administrators, and future researchers is described.
Evaluating Perceived Quality of B-School WebsitesIOSR Journals
Websites are a window for the world for looking in most of the Information and a gateway for many activities. Websites are not only a necessity but also mandatory for B-Schools. A B-School Website serves as portal to all stakeholders in addition to being an information placeholder. The Websites serves from being an administrative tool to a Learning Management system. The utility and the effectiveness of website depend on the quality of the service it provides to the surfer. A study was undertaken to survey the various features of a B-School Website that could serve as a Quality Function Deployment (QFD) touchstones. In addition, the influence of perceived quality on the user satisfaction was also studied. A focus group of B-School Students evaluated the Websites and scored a checklist cum questionnaire. The results highlight the most frequently found features and the least found features of a B-School Website. The factors that are important for creating a quality website are also found. This study will help the B-school administrators and the Website designers to create a quality and satisfying Websites.
A Fuzzy Expert System for Assessing the InternetStores Based on Web Site Attr...IDES Editor
Purpose of this research is determining the success
of online shopping stores by an intelligent system. Here a
Fuzzy Expert System has been designed with the consideration
of website attributes as input variables. The web site success
level is determined in this system as output.
The rules of systems have been extracted from some ecommerce
experts and the systems have been developed with
the use of FIS tool of MATLAB software. The final result
contains an anticipating model for evaluating level of web
site success of shopping centers based on website factors
situation. The presented steps have been run in four online
bookstores as the empirical study.
EVALUATING THE INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL USABILITY ATTRIBUTES OF E-LEARNING WEBSI...acijjournal
ABSTRACT
Web usability is important for users who depend on the websites they use, such as online distance education students. Accordingly, universities and educational websites need to determine the types of usability problems that occur on their websites. However, far too little attention has been paid to providing mdetailed information regarding the types of specific usability problems that occur on e-learning websites in general and on those in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) in particular. The aim of this paper was to study and analyse the internal and external usability attributes of university websites that offer distance education courses in Saudi Arabia. Twelve universities in Saudi Arabia were considered—11 governmentaffiliateduniversities and one private university. The analysis of the data indicates the level of usability of distance education websites. Results reveal that in Saudi Arabia, distance education websites are reliable but violate basic usability guidelines. Furthermore, Saudi e-learning websites need to focus on the utility of
their home page search engines, provide more advanced search functionality, and provide sitemaps linked to every page on the websites.
An Empirical Study Of University WebsitesKate Campbell
This document summarizes an empirical study of university websites. The study assessed the effectiveness of the top 50 university websites in the U.S. based on characteristics identified in previous research as important for successful website design. Two experts independently evaluated the university websites using a questionnaire and rated various design characteristics on a 5-point scale. The findings showed that universities have made efforts to design effective websites to attract students, though some characteristics like content and navigation could still be improved. The study aims to help universities better achieve their student recruitment goals through website design.
A GUIDELINE FOR AN EFFECTIVE USER INTERFACE FOR EDUCATIONAL SEMANTIC APPLICATIONijma
ABSTRACT
This research aims to produce a guideline for an effective user interface for semantic application particularly educational. In order to develop the guideline, a methodology of four phases; analysis, design, development and evaluation has been applied. Qualitative approach was used by using checklist instrument and interview questions with the experts in system design. A prototype was then developed using the proposed guideline. The prototype was evaluated using qualitative approach based on heuristic evaluation instrument involving a sample of ten teachers of secondary level. The user acceptance for this system was compared to the one which has been developed without the guideline. The result shows that the system developed by the proposed guideline has higher acceptance. Seven of ten teachers agreed that the most important principle in user interface design is effectiveness specifically the simplicity, aesthetic and minimalist design. It is useful to develop an effective user interface using this guideline.
Evaluation of E-Learning Web Sites Using Fuzzy Axiomatic Design Based ApproachGurdal Ertek
High quality web site has been generally recognized as a critical enabler to conduct online business. Numerous studies exist in the literature to measure the business performance in relation to web site quality. In this paper, an axiomatic design based approach for fuzzy group decision making is adopted to evaluate the quality of e-learning web sites. Another multi-criteria decision making technique, namely fuzzy TOPSIS, is
applied in order to validate the outcome. The methodology proposed in this paper has the advantage of incorporating requirements and enabling reductions in the problem size, as compared to fuzzy TOPSIS. A case study focusing on Turkish e-learning websites is presented, and based on the empirical findings, managerial implications and recommendations
for future research are offered.
http://research.sabanciuniv.edu.
This paper focuses on the effects of web page components on web page load time and how they can be modified to reduce load time. Website speed measuring software tools (EValid and YSlow), online website monitoring tools and a mathematical model was used to make quantitative and qualitative analysis on web page load time in relationship to web page content. This research showed that university X’s website loads slowly within an average of 9.766 seconds and may even fail to load as indicated by its average downtime of 9.32%. For application performance across the internet to improve, the website load time must be on average 8 seconds which increases the image of the site hence the perceived quality of services or products offered and thus increasing stakeholders’ satisfaction. The findings of the study revealed that an increase in total size of web page content components is directly proportional to increase in response time and web page content components have different effects on web page load time. The evidence in this study shows that web page load time is mainly affected by its web page content characteristics. The study recommends web developers to measure web page response time against threshold values such as the 8 second rule during designing and implementation of a web page and adapt techniques identified which reduce load time.
Research project, proposed, conducted, and reported on a usability study and evaluation of a website. Usability testing involves testing products, documentation, texts, or websites to see if they meet the needs of their users.
Systematic literature review on university website qualitynooriasukmaningtyas
Website is a necessity for organizations to enable users worldwide to access their information and gain a competitive edge over others. The diversity of websites makes assessing website quality a difficult task. The aim of this paper is to identify the issues faced in the quality evaluation of university websites, the models and the factors used for evaluating university website quality. Systematic literature review was used to identify and synthesize related scholarly research papers. Findings show that there is a lack of study on university website quality compared to business websites; website designers did not have the appropriate knowledge on the interface design; and the website quality evaluation is complex since there is no specific evaluation model. Webqual 4.0 model was used to evaluate the quality of universities' websites. From 24 studies, initially 79 quality factors were extracted. After performing comparison, filtration and memoing, six quality factors were identified: information quality, specific content, usability, web appearance, service interaction quality, and functionality. This study makes a useful contribution in developing university website quality model by extending the Webqual 4.0 model.
TOWARDS UNIVERSAL RATING OF ONLINE MULTIMEDIA CONTENTcsandit
Most website classification systems have dealt with the question of classifying websites based on
their content, design, usability, layout and such, few have considered website classification
based on users’ experience. The growth of online marketing and advertisement has lead to
fierce competition that has resulted in some websites using disguise ways so as to attract users.
This may result in cases where a user visits a website and does not get the promised results. The
results are a waste of time, energy and sometimes even money for users. In this context, we design
an experiment that uses fuzzy linguistic model and data mining techniques to capture users’
experiences, we then use the k-means clustering algorithm to cluster websites based on a set of
feature vectors from the users’ perspective. The content unity is defined as the distance between
the real content and its keywords. We demonstrate the use of bisecting k-means algorithm for
this task and demonstrate that the method can incrementally learn from user’s profile on their
experience with these websites.
Measuring the quality of e-commerce websites using analytical hierarchy processTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Improving website quality for e-commerce website is indispensable since it affects customer satisfaction. There are several aspects of website quality that should be considered. Unfortunately, what criteria that should be prioritized is still under research. This research aims to identify the priority of website quality criteria and incorporate these criteria to measure the quality of ten e-commerce websites in Indonesia using Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP). This study interviews two experts to assign priority for each criterion. In the end, this study has found that availability is the uttermost aspect to consider. Furthermore, this study also found that OLX.com is the best Customer-to-Customer (C2C) e-commerce in Indonesia in terms of website quality. This research is useful for any e-commerce technical developer to improve his/her website in twofold: 1) criteria priority to improve the quality of C2C e-commerce websites and 2) website quality ranking of C2C e-commerce.
A METHOD FOR WEBSITE USABILITY EVALUATION: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSISIJwest
ABSTRACT
Graphical user interfaces design in software development process focuses on maximizing usability and the user's experience, in order to make the interaction for users easy, flexible and efficient. In this paper, we propose an approach for evaluating the usability satisfaction degree of a web-based system. The proposed method has been accomplished in two phases and implemented on an airlines website as a case study. In the first phase, a website usability test is implemented by a number of users, and then the results obtained are translated into charts for a final web-based system evaluation in the second phase. The results achieved
were satisfactory, since the places where the weaknesses and gaps in the website are identified and recommended solutions to avoid them are drawn. The authenticity of the results have been confirmed by comparing them with user opinions acquired from a questionnaire, which proves the precision in which the website is rated.
The document proposes a general framework for evaluating the quality of any website. It reviewed previous evaluation criteria used for different types of websites, including business, education, banking, government, and others. From this review, it identified four main dimensions that were commonly used: content quality, design quality, organization quality, and user-friendly quality. The proposed framework incorporates indicators from previous studies under these four dimensions to create a comprehensive set of criteria that can be applied across different types of websites to assess quality. This framework aims to provide guidelines for designers and developers to create higher quality websites.
The increased trend to use websites for various purposes has also increase in different domains such
as education, health, government and business. Organizations seeking to obtain benefits from their
websites need to create and maintain websites that are successful in supporting the interaction and
communication of the organization with their users. The main goal of this paper is to design the website
evaluation framework for academic websites. For this purpose the study of academic websites, website
quality models and their quality factors. A new quality evaluation framework consisting of five high level
quality factors namely: Usability, Content, Presentation, Functionality and Reliability
This document discusses the development of an integrated e-learning platform and environment at Ningbo University in China. It first describes a survey that was conducted to understand factors influencing learner satisfaction in e-learning environments. The survey found that course quality, platform functionality, ease of use, and computer skills were critical factors. The document then outlines the architecture of the integrated e-learning platform, which includes layers for infrastructure, data collection, teaching services, and applications. Finally, it describes some of the key application systems that are part of the platform, including a portal, virtual classroom, learning management system, and more. The goal of the integrated platform is to provide a unified environment for teaching, learning, and resource management.
TOWARDS UNIVERSAL RATING OF ONLINE MULTIMEDIA CONTENTcscpconf
Most website classification systems have dealt with the question of classifying websites based on
their content, design, usability, layout and such, few have considered website classification
based on users’ experience. The growth of online marketing and advertisement has lead to
fierce competition that has resulted in some websites using disguise ways so as to attract users.
This may result in cases where a user visits a website and does not get the promised results. The
results are a waste of time, energy and sometimes even money for users. In this context, we design
an experiment that uses fuzzy linguistic model and data mining techniques to capture users’
experiences, we then use the k-means clustering algorithm to cluster websites based on a set of
feature vectors from the users’ perspective. The content unity is defined as the distance between
the real content and its keywords. We demonstrate the use of bisecting k-means algorithm for
this task and demonstrate that the method can incrementally learn from user’s profile on their
experience with these websites.
SMART AGENT BASED SEARCH FOR ADMISSION IN INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER LEARNINGIJITE
Early admission systems saw people applying to universities by filling out applications forms and placing
them in suitable envelopes and sending them through the local postal agency. This was not considered to
be cost or time effective, and this method was also not efficient. This system however needed some
improvement due to the huge workload on administrators. So researchers and software developers
improved the system so that between 1999 and 2008 application and admission was done via the Internet.
Also many Ranking system like ARWU, shanghai etc. been used for ranking the universities and colleges
around the world which would enable people choosing the universities and colleges for education on
factors like publication, funding, infrastructure and so.
The Internet has already brought the humans together in a new, exciting, and unexpected ways, and the
same is also happening to our prevalent adoption of digital mobile devices that has paved the way for the
development of many innovative applications in the commercial domain. While considering such mobile
devices for an application towards higher education in an educational institution, there has been some
amount of work done using intelligent agents. But still those agent based systems got some drawbacks
which motivated towards developing the present Agent based system to provide Smart agent based system
for higher Learning search not in Jamaican context alone but also elsewhere with these drawbacks
alleviated. The agents developed will be based on using fuzzy preference rules and heuristics, to make
accurate decisions based on the user’s criteria or specifications using JADE-LEAP on Android handset.
The system got Google map feature, intelligence in admission system and also warning for universities
with low rating. These findings of this research will be presented as screenshots.
DEVELOPMENT OF WEB APPLICATION FOR PACKAGING DESIGNijma
The majority of One Tambon One Product (OTOP) entrepreneurs desired a new packaging design that attracts the attention of consumers. The aims of this research were to 1) determine the packaging demands of entrepreneurs, 2) develop a conceptual framework for web applications, and 3) create web applications. Finally, 4) to ascertain entrepreneurs' satisfaction with the use of web applications in packaging design. The demographic and sample were recruited from the central region's population, entrepreneurs, and customers. Purposive sampling was used to choose 400 entrepreneurs and customers in Saraburi province. The main result was that requirement of entrepreneursabout package must be easy to portable. And Web Application must be also easy to use. By opinion of experts the result of web application development was overall high level and satisfaction of web application that help entrepreneurs to design package was high level. So the benefit of research is that entrepreneurs had web application to design the package and lower cost.
User Perceptions to the Quality of Apemkislamets Learning Application Managem...Argo Ciptono
This paper is aim to know specify the service
attributes which should be improved or developed in
Apemkislamets application. The approach used is WebQual.
WebQual is a quality measurement approach for websites or
applications through user perceptions based on three dimensions:
Usability, information quality and services interaction quality.
The population in this study is Apilikasi Apemkislamets users
with the number of samples taken as much as 321 respondents by
convinience sampling. The research method used is survey with
questionnaire based on WebQual 4.0 that analyzed with IPA
(Importance Performance Analysis) to know the level of user
satisfaction which is gap between importance and performance.
The results of validity and reliability test show the whole item
questionnaire valid and reliable. The results showed that 18 items
analyzed by IPA method were grouped into Quadrant I (1 item),
Quadrant II (5 items), Quadrant III (9 items) and Quadrant IV
(3 items). Items that are considered important and need to be
located lies in the first quadrant is Design in accordance with the
type of application of Learning Administration. The result of
double correlation analysis also shows a strong correlation
between independent variable and dependent in this research.
THE USE OF COMPUTER-BASED LEARNING ASSESSMENT FOR PROFESSIONAL COURSES: A STR...IAEME Publication
Background/Objectives: While the increase in classroom technology, it is necessary to examine how assessment is administered through technology. The purpose of this study is to understand how students and faculty are perceived and examine the effectiveness of the computer-based assessment in professional education courses (Educational Technology) at Northern Iloilo Polytechnic State College, Iloilo, Philippines. Methods: The research design utilized in this study is mixed-method research. A computer-based assessment was utilized to assess students' performance in educational technology. This instrument was validated, and pilot tested to establish reliability. Each campus of NIPSC selected ten students of 70 as respondents during Academic Year 2016-2017. Frequency count, mean, standard deviation, and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were statistical tools used for data analyses. Findings: The study's finding showed a high score of students in the posttest ensured better performance of the students in educational technology. The increase in the posttest per performance level of the students was due to an accurate measure of what they have learned in educational technology. The majority of students users agreed that online assessment was fasters than the paper and pencil form. Also, users agreed that online assessment is contemporary and more systematic. They also stated that online assessment is consistent with the teaching style, but they are less anxious. Furthermore, according to faculty and students, ninety percent (90%) believed that computer-based assessment accurately measures what they are teaching and what they learned in school, respectively. Novelty: With the current situation that the education system is in new normal, computer-based learning is important in flexible learning. And assessment using technology is a great help to both faculty and students. Thus, state universities and colleges (SUCs) should adopt this innovation to help teaching and learning.
Similar to University Website Quality Ranking using Logarithmic Fuzzy Preference Programming (20)
Redefining brain tumor segmentation: a cutting-edge convolutional neural netw...IJECEIAES
Medical image analysis has witnessed significant advancements with deep learning techniques. In the domain of brain tumor segmentation, the ability to
precisely delineate tumor boundaries from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
scans holds profound implications for diagnosis. This study presents an ensemble convolutional neural network (CNN) with transfer learning, integrating
the state-of-the-art Deeplabv3+ architecture with the ResNet18 backbone. The
model is rigorously trained and evaluated, exhibiting remarkable performance
metrics, including an impressive global accuracy of 99.286%, a high-class accuracy of 82.191%, a mean intersection over union (IoU) of 79.900%, a weighted
IoU of 98.620%, and a Boundary F1 (BF) score of 83.303%. Notably, a detailed comparative analysis with existing methods showcases the superiority of
our proposed model. These findings underscore the model’s competence in precise brain tumor localization, underscoring its potential to revolutionize medical
image analysis and enhance healthcare outcomes. This research paves the way
for future exploration and optimization of advanced CNN models in medical
imaging, emphasizing addressing false positives and resource efficiency.
Embedded machine learning-based road conditions and driving behavior monitoringIJECEIAES
Car accident rates have increased in recent years, resulting in losses in human lives, properties, and other financial costs. An embedded machine learning-based system is developed to address this critical issue. The system can monitor road conditions, detect driving patterns, and identify aggressive driving behaviors. The system is based on neural networks trained on a comprehensive dataset of driving events, driving styles, and road conditions. The system effectively detects potential risks and helps mitigate the frequency and impact of accidents. The primary goal is to ensure the safety of drivers and vehicles. Collecting data involved gathering information on three key road events: normal street and normal drive, speed bumps, circular yellow speed bumps, and three aggressive driving actions: sudden start, sudden stop, and sudden entry. The gathered data is processed and analyzed using a machine learning system designed for limited power and memory devices. The developed system resulted in 91.9% accuracy, 93.6% precision, and 92% recall. The achieved inference time on an Arduino Nano 33 BLE Sense with a 32-bit CPU running at 64 MHz is 34 ms and requires 2.6 kB peak RAM and 139.9 kB program flash memory, making it suitable for resource-constrained embedded systems.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
Neural network optimizer of proportional-integral-differential controller par...IJECEIAES
Wide application of proportional-integral-differential (PID)-regulator in industry requires constant improvement of methods of its parameters adjustment. The paper deals with the issues of optimization of PID-regulator parameters with the use of neural network technology methods. A methodology for choosing the architecture (structure) of neural network optimizer is proposed, which consists in determining the number of layers, the number of neurons in each layer, as well as the form and type of activation function. Algorithms of neural network training based on the application of the method of minimizing the mismatch between the regulated value and the target value are developed. The method of back propagation of gradients is proposed to select the optimal training rate of neurons of the neural network. The neural network optimizer, which is a superstructure of the linear PID controller, allows increasing the regulation accuracy from 0.23 to 0.09, thus reducing the power consumption from 65% to 53%. The results of the conducted experiments allow us to conclude that the created neural superstructure may well become a prototype of an automatic voltage regulator (AVR)-type industrial controller for tuning the parameters of the PID controller.
An improved modulation technique suitable for a three level flying capacitor ...IJECEIAES
This research paper introduces an innovative modulation technique for controlling a 3-level flying capacitor multilevel inverter (FCMLI), aiming to streamline the modulation process in contrast to conventional methods. The proposed
simplified modulation technique paves the way for more straightforward and
efficient control of multilevel inverters, enabling their widespread adoption and
integration into modern power electronic systems. Through the amalgamation of
sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) with a high-frequency square wave
pulse, this controlling technique attains energy equilibrium across the coupling
capacitor. The modulation scheme incorporates a simplified switching pattern
and a decreased count of voltage references, thereby simplifying the control
algorithm.
A review on features and methods of potential fishing zoneIJECEIAES
This review focuses on the importance of identifying potential fishing zones in seawater for sustainable fishing practices. It explores features like sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height (SSH), along with classification methods such as classifiers. The features like SST, SSH, and different classifiers used to classify the data, have been figured out in this review study. This study underscores the importance of examining potential fishing zones using advanced analytical techniques. It thoroughly explores the methodologies employed by researchers, covering both past and current approaches. The examination centers on data characteristics and the application of classification algorithms for classification of potential fishing zones. Furthermore, the prediction of potential fishing zones relies significantly on the effectiveness of classification algorithms. Previous research has assessed the performance of models like support vector machines, naïve Bayes, and artificial neural networks (ANN). In the previous result, the results of support vector machine (SVM) were 97.6% more accurate than naive Bayes's 94.2% to classify test data for fisheries classification. By considering the recent works in this area, several recommendations for future works are presented to further improve the performance of the potential fishing zone models, which is important to the fisheries community.
Electrical signal interference minimization using appropriate core material f...IJECEIAES
As demand for smaller, quicker, and more powerful devices rises, Moore's law is strictly followed. The industry has worked hard to make little devices that boost productivity. The goal is to optimize device density. Scientists are reducing connection delays to improve circuit performance. This helped them understand three-dimensional integrated circuit (3D IC) concepts, which stack active devices and create vertical connections to diminish latency and lower interconnects. Electrical involvement is a big worry with 3D integrates circuits. Researchers have developed and tested through silicon via (TSV) and substrates to decrease electrical wave involvement. This study illustrates a novel noise coupling reduction method using several electrical involvement models. A 22% drop in electrical involvement from wave-carrying to victim TSVs introduces this new paradigm and improves system performance even at higher THz frequencies.
Electric vehicle and photovoltaic advanced roles in enhancing the financial p...IJECEIAES
Climate change's impact on the planet forced the United Nations and governments to promote green energies and electric transportation. The deployments of photovoltaic (PV) and electric vehicle (EV) systems gained stronger momentum due to their numerous advantages over fossil fuel types. The advantages go beyond sustainability to reach financial support and stability. The work in this paper introduces the hybrid system between PV and EV to support industrial and commercial plants. This paper covers the theoretical framework of the proposed hybrid system including the required equation to complete the cost analysis when PV and EV are present. In addition, the proposed design diagram which sets the priorities and requirements of the system is presented. The proposed approach allows setup to advance their power stability, especially during power outages. The presented information supports researchers and plant owners to complete the necessary analysis while promoting the deployment of clean energy. The result of a case study that represents a dairy milk farmer supports the theoretical works and highlights its advanced benefits to existing plants. The short return on investment of the proposed approach supports the paper's novelty approach for the sustainable electrical system. In addition, the proposed system allows for an isolated power setup without the need for a transmission line which enhances the safety of the electrical network
Bibliometric analysis highlighting the role of women in addressing climate ch...IJECEIAES
Fossil fuel consumption increased quickly, contributing to climate change
that is evident in unusual flooding and draughts, and global warming. Over
the past ten years, women's involvement in society has grown dramatically,
and they succeeded in playing a noticeable role in reducing climate change.
A bibliometric analysis of data from the last ten years has been carried out to
examine the role of women in addressing the climate change. The analysis's
findings discussed the relevant to the sustainable development goals (SDGs),
particularly SDG 7 and SDG 13. The results considered contributions made
by women in the various sectors while taking geographic dispersion into
account. The bibliometric analysis delves into topics including women's
leadership in environmental groups, their involvement in policymaking, their
contributions to sustainable development projects, and the influence of
gender diversity on attempts to mitigate climate change. This study's results
highlight how women have influenced policies and actions related to climate
change, point out areas of research deficiency and recommendations on how
to increase role of the women in addressing the climate change and
achieving sustainability. To achieve more successful results, this initiative
aims to highlight the significance of gender equality and encourage
inclusivity in climate change decision-making processes.
Voltage and frequency control of microgrid in presence of micro-turbine inter...IJECEIAES
The active and reactive load changes have a significant impact on voltage
and frequency. In this paper, in order to stabilize the microgrid (MG) against
load variations in islanding mode, the active and reactive power of all
distributed generators (DGs), including energy storage (battery), diesel
generator, and micro-turbine, are controlled. The micro-turbine generator is
connected to MG through a three-phase to three-phase matrix converter, and
the droop control method is applied for controlling the voltage and
frequency of MG. In addition, a method is introduced for voltage and
frequency control of micro-turbines in the transition state from gridconnected mode to islanding mode. A novel switching strategy of the matrix
converter is used for converting the high-frequency output voltage of the
micro-turbine to the grid-side frequency of the utility system. Moreover,
using the switching strategy, the low-order harmonics in the output current
and voltage are not produced, and consequently, the size of the output filter
would be reduced. In fact, the suggested control strategy is load-independent
and has no frequency conversion restrictions. The proposed approach for
voltage and frequency regulation demonstrates exceptional performance and
favorable response across various load alteration scenarios. The suggested
strategy is examined in several scenarios in the MG test systems, and the
simulation results are addressed.
Enhancing battery system identification: nonlinear autoregressive modeling fo...IJECEIAES
Precisely characterizing Li-ion batteries is essential for optimizing their
performance, enhancing safety, and prolonging their lifespan across various
applications, such as electric vehicles and renewable energy systems. This
article introduces an innovative nonlinear methodology for system
identification of a Li-ion battery, employing a nonlinear autoregressive with
exogenous inputs (NARX) model. The proposed approach integrates the
benefits of nonlinear modeling with the adaptability of the NARX structure,
facilitating a more comprehensive representation of the intricate
electrochemical processes within the battery. Experimental data collected
from a Li-ion battery operating under diverse scenarios are employed to
validate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology. The identified
NARX model exhibits superior accuracy in predicting the battery's behavior
compared to traditional linear models. This study underscores the
importance of accounting for nonlinearities in battery modeling, providing
insights into the intricate relationships between state-of-charge, voltage, and
current under dynamic conditions.
Smart grid deployment: from a bibliometric analysis to a surveyIJECEIAES
Smart grids are one of the last decades' innovations in electrical energy.
They bring relevant advantages compared to the traditional grid and
significant interest from the research community. Assessing the field's
evolution is essential to propose guidelines for facing new and future smart
grid challenges. In addition, knowing the main technologies involved in the
deployment of smart grids (SGs) is important to highlight possible
shortcomings that can be mitigated by developing new tools. This paper
contributes to the research trends mentioned above by focusing on two
objectives. First, a bibliometric analysis is presented to give an overview of
the current research level about smart grid deployment. Second, a survey of
the main technological approaches used for smart grid implementation and
their contributions are highlighted. To that effect, we searched the Web of
Science (WoS), and the Scopus databases. We obtained 5,663 documents
from WoS and 7,215 from Scopus on smart grid implementation or
deployment. With the extraction limitation in the Scopus database, 5,872 of
the 7,215 documents were extracted using a multi-step process. These two
datasets have been analyzed using a bibliometric tool called bibliometrix.
The main outputs are presented with some recommendations for future
research.
Use of analytical hierarchy process for selecting and prioritizing islanding ...IJECEIAES
One of the problems that are associated to power systems is islanding
condition, which must be rapidly and properly detected to prevent any
negative consequences on the system's protection, stability, and security.
This paper offers a thorough overview of several islanding detection
strategies, which are divided into two categories: classic approaches,
including local and remote approaches, and modern techniques, including
techniques based on signal processing and computational intelligence.
Additionally, each approach is compared and assessed based on several
factors, including implementation costs, non-detected zones, declining
power quality, and response times using the analytical hierarchy process
(AHP). The multi-criteria decision-making analysis shows that the overall
weight of passive methods (24.7%), active methods (7.8%), hybrid methods
(5.6%), remote methods (14.5%), signal processing-based methods (26.6%),
and computational intelligent-based methods (20.8%) based on the
comparison of all criteria together. Thus, it can be seen from the total weight
that hybrid approaches are the least suitable to be chosen, while signal
processing-based methods are the most appropriate islanding detection
method to be selected and implemented in power system with respect to the
aforementioned factors. Using Expert Choice software, the proposed
hierarchy model is studied and examined.
Enhancing of single-stage grid-connected photovoltaic system using fuzzy logi...IJECEIAES
The power generated by photovoltaic (PV) systems is influenced by
environmental factors. This variability hampers the control and utilization of
solar cells' peak output. In this study, a single-stage grid-connected PV
system is designed to enhance power quality. Our approach employs fuzzy
logic in the direct power control (DPC) of a three-phase voltage source
inverter (VSI), enabling seamless integration of the PV connected to the
grid. Additionally, a fuzzy logic-based maximum power point tracking
(MPPT) controller is adopted, which outperforms traditional methods like
incremental conductance (INC) in enhancing solar cell efficiency and
minimizing the response time. Moreover, the inverter's real-time active and
reactive power is directly managed to achieve a unity power factor (UPF).
The system's performance is assessed through MATLAB/Simulink
implementation, showing marked improvement over conventional methods,
particularly in steady-state and varying weather conditions. For solar
irradiances of 500 and 1,000 W/m2
, the results show that the proposed
method reduces the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the injected current
to the grid by approximately 46% and 38% compared to conventional
methods, respectively. Furthermore, we compare the simulation results with
IEEE standards to evaluate the system's grid compatibility.
Enhancing photovoltaic system maximum power point tracking with fuzzy logic-b...IJECEIAES
Photovoltaic systems have emerged as a promising energy resource that
caters to the future needs of society, owing to their renewable, inexhaustible,
and cost-free nature. The power output of these systems relies on solar cell
radiation and temperature. In order to mitigate the dependence on
atmospheric conditions and enhance power tracking, a conventional
approach has been improved by integrating various methods. To optimize
the generation of electricity from solar systems, the maximum power point
tracking (MPPT) technique is employed. To overcome limitations such as
steady-state voltage oscillations and improve transient response, two
traditional MPPT methods, namely fuzzy logic controller (FLC) and perturb
and observe (P&O), have been modified. This research paper aims to
simulate and validate the step size of the proposed modified P&O and FLC
techniques within the MPPT algorithm using MATLAB/Simulink for
efficient power tracking in photovoltaic systems.
Adaptive synchronous sliding control for a robot manipulator based on neural ...IJECEIAES
Robot manipulators have become important equipment in production lines, medical fields, and transportation. Improving the quality of trajectory tracking for
robot hands is always an attractive topic in the research community. This is a
challenging problem because robot manipulators are complex nonlinear systems
and are often subject to fluctuations in loads and external disturbances. This
article proposes an adaptive synchronous sliding control scheme to improve trajectory tracking performance for a robot manipulator. The proposed controller
ensures that the positions of the joints track the desired trajectory, synchronize
the errors, and significantly reduces chattering. First, the synchronous tracking
errors and synchronous sliding surfaces are presented. Second, the synchronous
tracking error dynamics are determined. Third, a robust adaptive control law is
designed,the unknown components of the model are estimated online by the neural network, and the parameters of the switching elements are selected by fuzzy
logic. The built algorithm ensures that the tracking and approximation errors
are ultimately uniformly bounded (UUB). Finally, the effectiveness of the constructed algorithm is demonstrated through simulation and experimental results.
Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed controller is effective with small synchronous tracking errors, and the chattering phenomenon is
significantly reduced.
Remote field-programmable gate array laboratory for signal acquisition and de...IJECEIAES
A remote laboratory utilizing field-programmable gate array (FPGA) technologies enhances students’ learning experience anywhere and anytime in embedded system design. Existing remote laboratories prioritize hardware access and visual feedback for observing board behavior after programming, neglecting comprehensive debugging tools to resolve errors that require internal signal acquisition. This paper proposes a novel remote embeddedsystem design approach targeting FPGA technologies that are fully interactive via a web-based platform. Our solution provides FPGA board access and debugging capabilities beyond the visual feedback provided by existing remote laboratories. We implemented a lab module that allows users to seamlessly incorporate into their FPGA design. The module minimizes hardware resource utilization while enabling the acquisition of a large number of data samples from the signal during the experiments by adaptively compressing the signal prior to data transmission. The results demonstrate an average compression ratio of 2.90 across three benchmark signals, indicating efficient signal acquisition and effective debugging and analysis. This method allows users to acquire more data samples than conventional methods. The proposed lab allows students to remotely test and debug their designs, bridging the gap between theory and practice in embedded system design.
Detecting and resolving feature envy through automated machine learning and m...IJECEIAES
Efficiently identifying and resolving code smells enhances software project quality. This paper presents a novel solution, utilizing automated machine learning (AutoML) techniques, to detect code smells and apply move method refactoring. By evaluating code metrics before and after refactoring, we assessed its impact on coupling, complexity, and cohesion. Key contributions of this research include a unique dataset for code smell classification and the development of models using AutoGluon for optimal performance. Furthermore, the study identifies the top 20 influential features in classifying feature envy, a well-known code smell, stemming from excessive reliance on external classes. We also explored how move method refactoring addresses feature envy, revealing reduced coupling and complexity, and improved cohesion, ultimately enhancing code quality. In summary, this research offers an empirical, data-driven approach, integrating AutoML and move method refactoring to optimize software project quality. Insights gained shed light on the benefits of refactoring on code quality and the significance of specific features in detecting feature envy. Future research can expand to explore additional refactoring techniques and a broader range of code metrics, advancing software engineering practices and standards.
Smart monitoring technique for solar cell systems using internet of things ba...IJECEIAES
Rapidly and remotely monitoring and receiving the solar cell systems status parameters, solar irradiance, temperature, and humidity, are critical issues in enhancement their efficiency. Hence, in the present article an improved smart prototype of internet of things (IoT) technique based on embedded system through NodeMCU ESP8266 (ESP-12E) was carried out experimentally. Three different regions at Egypt; Luxor, Cairo, and El-Beheira cities were chosen to study their solar irradiance profile, temperature, and humidity by the proposed IoT system. The monitoring data of solar irradiance, temperature, and humidity were live visualized directly by Ubidots through hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) protocol. The measured solar power radiation in Luxor, Cairo, and El-Beheira ranged between 216-1000, 245-958, and 187-692 W/m 2 respectively during the solar day. The accuracy and rapidity of obtaining monitoring results using the proposed IoT system made it a strong candidate for application in monitoring solar cell systems. On the other hand, the obtained solar power radiation results of the three considered regions strongly candidate Luxor and Cairo as suitable places to build up a solar cells system station rather than El-Beheira.
An efficient security framework for intrusion detection and prevention in int...IJECEIAES
Over the past few years, the internet of things (IoT) has advanced to connect billions of smart devices to improve quality of life. However, anomalies or malicious intrusions pose several security loopholes, leading to performance degradation and threat to data security in IoT operations. Thereby, IoT security systems must keep an eye on and restrict unwanted events from occurring in the IoT network. Recently, various technical solutions based on machine learning (ML) models have been derived towards identifying and restricting unwanted events in IoT. However, most ML-based approaches are prone to miss-classification due to inappropriate feature selection. Additionally, most ML approaches applied to intrusion detection and prevention consider supervised learning, which requires a large amount of labeled data to be trained. Consequently, such complex datasets are impossible to source in a large network like IoT. To address this problem, this proposed study introduces an efficient learning mechanism to strengthen the IoT security aspects. The proposed algorithm incorporates supervised and unsupervised approaches to improve the learning models for intrusion detection and mitigation. Compared with the related works, the experimental outcome shows that the model performs well in a benchmark dataset. It accomplishes an improved detection accuracy of approximately 99.21%.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
A SYSTEMATIC RISK ASSESSMENT APPROACH FOR SECURING THE SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEMSIJNSA Journal
The smart irrigation system represents an innovative approach to optimize water usage in agricultural and landscaping practices. The integration of cutting-edge technologies, including sensors, actuators, and data analysis, empowers this system to provide accurate monitoring and control of irrigation processes by leveraging real-time environmental conditions. The main objective of a smart irrigation system is to optimize water efficiency, minimize expenses, and foster the adoption of sustainable water management methods. This paper conducts a systematic risk assessment by exploring the key components/assets and their functionalities in the smart irrigation system. The crucial role of sensors in gathering data on soil moisture, weather patterns, and plant well-being is emphasized in this system. These sensors enable intelligent decision-making in irrigation scheduling and water distribution, leading to enhanced water efficiency and sustainable water management practices. Actuators enable automated control of irrigation devices, ensuring precise and targeted water delivery to plants. Additionally, the paper addresses the potential threat and vulnerabilities associated with smart irrigation systems. It discusses limitations of the system, such as power constraints and computational capabilities, and calculates the potential security risks. The paper suggests possible risk treatment methods for effective secure system operation. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the significant benefits of implementing smart irrigation systems, including improved water conservation, increased crop yield, and reduced environmental impact. Additionally, based on the security analysis conducted, the paper recommends the implementation of countermeasures and security approaches to address vulnerabilities and ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. By incorporating these measures, smart irrigation technology can revolutionize water management practices in agriculture, promoting sustainability, resource efficiency, and safeguarding against potential security threats.
Understanding Inductive Bias in Machine LearningSUTEJAS
This presentation explores the concept of inductive bias in machine learning. It explains how algorithms come with built-in assumptions and preferences that guide the learning process. You'll learn about the different types of inductive bias and how they can impact the performance and generalizability of machine learning models.
The presentation also covers the positive and negative aspects of inductive bias, along with strategies for mitigating potential drawbacks. We'll explore examples of how bias manifests in algorithms like neural networks and decision trees.
By understanding inductive bias, you can gain valuable insights into how machine learning models work and make informed decisions when building and deploying them.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
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The experiments performed by Dominic and Hanim (2013) used Fuzzy AHP with Extent Analysis (EA)
methods on the quality of university websites in Malaysia based on usability criteria [1]. The deficiency of
most FAHP applications using the EA method proposed by Chang (1996) is considered invalid and the
weight obtained by this method does not represent the relative importance of the criterion or decision criteria
[12]-[16]. To address the deficiencies of the FAHP method with EA, then Mikhailov (2004) proposed the
Fuzzy Preference Programming (FPP) method to derived the crisp weight of the pairwise matrix comparison
[17]. Nevertheless, there are some shortcomings of FPP methods proposed by Mikhailov (2004). The lack of
the FPP method are (1) Negative membership degree makes no sense, (2) FPP model produces multiple
optimal solutions when there exists strong inconsistency among the fuzzy judgments, (3) The priority vectors
derived by using the upper or lower triangular elements of a fuzzy pairwise comparison matrix are not the
same, even significantly different [18].
The non linear based Logarithmic Fuzzy Preference Programming (LFPP) is the improved FPP that
aims to resolve the negative membership degree result and multiple optimal solutions when there exists
significant inconsistency among the fuzzy judgments [18]. This method uses logarithmic elements of natural
numbers that can produce a single solution in determining the value of importance weights. This research has
been integrating LFPP method to rank the quality of University websites. By using this method, it is expected
that quality ranking of University website can be made better. This paper is organized as follows. Section 2
discusses literature study; Section 3 describes the result and discussion, and Section 4 presents the
conclusions and suggests some areas for further investigation.
2. LITERATURE STUDY
2.1. University website rank
Some studies create a method to measure the quality of university websites, such as webometric,
uniRank™ and eduroute. Table 1 summarizes the university website quality ranking methodology.
Table 1. Methodology
Criteria Webometrics Unirank Eduroute
First Release 2004 2005 2011
URL Web http://www.webometrics.info http://www.4icu.org/ http://www.eduroute.info/
Univ's analyzed 16000 13000 1000
Univ's ranked 5000+ 200 500
Size Web size (20%) Volume (20%)
Research output Rich Files (15%) Online Scientific information
(10%)
Google Scholar (15%)
Impact (Link) Visibility (50%) Majestic Reffering Domains,
Majestic Trust Flow,
Alexa Global Rank,
Similar web Global Rank,
Moz domain authority
Links quantity (30%),
Quality of links and content
(20%)
Isidro and the research group from Cybermetrics Lab, Spain, initiate university web ranking based
on four criteria called webometrics. Since 2004, every six months, they released the rank based on web
presence and impact. Webometrics analyzes 16.000 universities from various place in the world and ranks
over 5.000 universities. Webometrics uses google, google scholar, Majestic SEO and ahrefs website tools to
retrieve the data [4]. In 2005, the uniRank™ University Ranking from Australia launched a relative
popularity ranking of world Universities and Colleges based on the popularity of their websites regarding
traffic, trust and quality link popularity [19]. The uniRank position supports the international students and
teachers to understand the university popularity in a foreign country. Eduroute released the university web
ranking in 2011 but it did not continue until now. Eduroute focuses on studying and evaluating school
websites based on volume, links quantity, quality of links and content, and online scientific information [20].
The uniRank™ and eduroute use the popularity of websites to rank. The uniRank™ and eduroute
lead to their method of having full dependence on search engine algorithms. Unfortunately, we do not know
exactly how the search engines work. Search engine developers hide their algorithms in indexing or crawling
websites [21]. Webometrics studies the building and using information resources, web structures and
technologies with bibliometric and infometric approaches. Webometrics does not aim to evaluate web design,
usability or popularity of contents against the number of visitors [22]. Meanwhile, uniRank™ also has one
main weakness in which its judgment is developed based solely on the popularity and usage of the website
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only and does not see the content of the site. The disadvantages of eduroute rating are the unclear method of
ranking calculation they have and the tools used for data collection. Based on the problems above, it is
necessary to conduct further study in order to investigate the quality factor of university websites.
2.2. Website quality study
There are a lot of discussions about the factor quality of websites. Certain factor, such as
performance, is important to evaluate [1], [5], [23]. A research on 71 Bangladeshi college websites reveals
that the important criteria of web presence are the number of web page, simple web impact factor, self-link
web impact factor and external link web impact factor [24]. Another study shows that based on web
developer or administrator and user assessment, the websites performance factor represented by accessibility
and usability [1].
The accessibility of a website can be represented by its response time. There are three responses of
time limit; the first is 0.1 seconds limit that make the users think that the system react immediately. The
second limit is 1.0 seconds that leads the usesrs thought stay for a while and interrupted. The ultimate limit is
10 seconds that keeps the users' attention focused on the dialogue. Amerson says that the average server
response time must be less than 0.5 sec [1], [23], [25].
Studies of website usability have shown that slow page rendering is typically caused by not big
images. But also server delay (because of complex data processing) or overly fancy page widgets. The
number of a component such as a widget, images, video and sounds that embedded to the websites are also
the significant factor to be investigated [26].
The other criterion of site quality is its loading time. The quality standard of the web page loading
time must be less than 30 seconds with average server response time must less than 0.5 seconds [27].
Loading time is time median required to load a web page on the browser of the users concretely.
Stickiness is a capability to ensure that each user has been stuck on a page of the website in the
period of time. A pleasurable site will attract the users to revisit later emerging a positive impact that is traffic
impact. A backlink is measured from the number of links referring to the main page. It shows the credibility
of a website for being correlated to the prestige and popularity of a website [1], [5], [23]. Thus, this research
test three criteria of accessibility and usability, namely stickiness, backlink, and web page loading time.
2.3. Analytical hierarchy process (AHP)
AHP is a decision support model developed by Thomas L. Saaty. This decision support model would
describe multi-criteria problems into particular hierarchy. The first level of the hierarchy is the goal, which is
followed by the level, criteria, sub-criteria, and so on down to the last stage of the alternative. With certain
structure, a complex problem can be broken down into groups that are then organized into a hierarchical form
so that the problem will seem more structured and systematic [28]. The AHP weakness lies in the use of
unproportionate evaluation scales and is unable to handle the uncertainty of pairwise comparison processes
[29]. Decision makers are usually involved in making the right choice in fixed judgment. They prefer to use
interval sense to overcome the comparison process to be more accurate. The AHP method used a crisp
number to represent human judgment. Along with the increased complexity of the problem, the researchers
combine the concept of fuzzy logic with AHP which is known as Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process
(FAHP) [30], [31]-[36]. The number used is no longer the crisp number but the fuzzy number.
2.4. Fuzzy number
Chang [37] defined a fuzzy number A on R to be a triangular fuzzy number if its membership
function 1,0:)( RxA is equal to
otherwise,0
,,,
)(
)(
,,,
)(
)(
)( umx
mu
xu
mlx
lm
lx
xA
(1)
Where uml , l and u stand for the lower and upper value of the support of A respectively,
and for the modal value. The triangular fuzzy number (TFN) can be denoted by ),,( uml . The
membership function of TFN can be seen in Figure 1 [14], [15], [38].
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3352
l m u
0,0
1,0
μA(x)
Figure 1. A Triangular Fuzzy Number of A
Consider two triangular fuzzy numbers 1A and 2A , ),,( 1111 umlA , and ),,( 2222 umlA then
),,(),,(),,( 21212122211121 uummllumlumlAA (2)
0,0,021212122211121 iii um),lu,um,ml(l),u,m(l),u,m(lAA (3)
),,(),,(),,( 21212122211121 uummllumlumlAA (4)
0,0,021212122211121 iii um),luu,mm,ll(),u,m(l),u,m(lAA (5)
0,0,0),1,1,1(),,( 111111
1
1
iii umllmuumlA (6)
We used the TFN to constructed fuzzy evaluation matrix on AHP method. If the strong importance
of element j over element i holds, then the pairwise comparison scale can be represented by the fuzzy
number
lmu
aij
1
,
1
,
11 .
2.5. Fuzzy linguistic variables
Linguistic variables can be defined as a variable that represents different aspects of human language.
It can be displayed by fuzzy numbers that suitable to constitute a degree of subjective judgment. Meanwhile,
assessment weights are expressed in linguistic variables with values; “Very unimportant”, “Unimportant”,
“Fair”, “Important”, “Very important” or “Very Poor”, “Poor”, “Fair”, “Good”, and “Very Good” [39]-[41].
Table 2 shows the nine basic linguistic terms that are used in this research. Each membership function (scale
of fuzzy number) is defined by three parameters of the symmetric triangular fuzzy number, the lower point,
middle point, and upper point of the range over which the function is defined.
Table 2. Membership Function Linguistic Scale [23]
Convert from AHP scale to Fuzzy number Linguistic expressions
1 = (1,1,1) Equal
2 = (1,2,3) Equal-moderate
3 = (2,3,4) Moderate
4 = (3,4,5) Moderate-fairly strong
5 = (4,5,6) Fairly strong
6 = (5,6,7) Fairly strong-very strong
7 = (6,7,8) Very strong
8 = (7,8,9) Very strong-absolute
9 = (8,9,9) Absolute
2,4,6,8 Values between two adjacent assessments
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2.6. Logarithmic fuzzy preference programming
Wang explained that LFPP method is a refinement of the FPP process. In FPP method, a few cases
resulted in the final value of the negative course this makes the solution is expected to be less valid [18].
LFPP method involves a logarithmic function original to correct deficiencies FPP method.
We used a fuzzy numbers in the assessment in questionnaires by users who have knowledge of the
issues to be tested, in this case, university website quality ranking. Then a fuzzy pairwise comparison matrix
can be expressed as
1),,(),,(
),,(1),,(
),,(),,(1
)~(
~
222111
222212121
111121212
kkkkkk
kkk
kkk
kkji
umluml
umluml
umluml
aA
(7)
where
jiijjiijjiij lummul 1,1,1
and ijijij uml 0
for all ijkji ,,...,2,1, (8)
To find a crisp priority vector 0),...,,( 21 T
kwwwW with
k
i
iw
1
1 for the fuzzy pairwise
comparison matrix [18]. The approximate equation uses natural logarithmic numbers for the improvement of
a paired matrix of fuzzy (7).
.,...,2,1,),ln,ln,(lnln kjiumla ijijijij
(9)
The membership function of triangular fuzzy judgment can accordingly be defined as
,lnln,
lnln
lnln
,lnln,
lnln
lnln
ln
ijji
ijij
jiij
ijji
ijij
ijji
jiij
mww
mu
wwu
mww
lm
lww
ww
(10)
where jiij wwln is the membership degree of ji wwln belonging to the approximate triangular
fuzzy judgment ),,ln(ln ijijijij umla . To maximize the minimum membership degree, can be found by
the crisp priority vector
,...,ki;j,...,k,iwwμλ jiij
1121lnmin
. The resultan model can be
constructed as
Maximize
Subject to
,...,k,,,iw
,...,k,i;j,...,k,λ,iwwμ
i
jiij
210
1121ln
(11)
or as
Maximize λ1
Subject to
,...k.,,iw
,...,k,i;j,...,k,,iumuww
,...,k,i;j,...,k,,illmλww
i
ijijijji
ijijijji
210
1121lnlnlnln
1121lnlnlnln
(12)
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3354
The normalization constraint
1
1
k
i
iw
is not included int the above two equivalent models. This is
because the models will become computationally complicated if the normalization constraint is included.
Before normalization, without loss of generality, can be assummed that
1iw for all ,...k,i 21 such that
0ln iw for ,...k,i 21 . The nonnegative assumption for
),...,2,1(0ln kiwi is not essential. A
negative value for produced because there are no weights that can meet all the fuzzy judgments in
within their support intervals. That is to say, not all the inequalities
ijijijji llmλww lnlnlnln
or
ijijijji umuλww lnlnlnln
can hold at the same time. To avoid from taking a negative
value, Wang, 2011 [18] introduced nonnegative deviation variables ij and ij for 1,...,2,1 ki , and
kij ,...,1 such that they meet the following inequalities :
,...,k,i;j,...,k,,ilδ
l
m
λww ijij
ij
ij
ji 1121lnlnlnln
,...,k.i;j,...,k,,iuη
m
u
λww ijij
ij
ij
ji 1121lnlnlnln
The LFPP method formulated as
Minimize
1
1 1
222
)1(
k
i
k
ij
ijij ηδPλJ
(13)
Subject to
,...,k,i;j,...k,,i,ηδ
,...,k,,,iλ,x
,...,k,i;j,...,k,,iuηmuλxx
,...,k,i;j,...,k,,ilδlmλxx
ijij
i
ijijijijji
ijijijijji
11210
210
1121lnln
1121lnln
Let ),...,2,1(*
kixi be the optimal solution to model. The normalized priorities for fuzzy pairwise
comparison matrix kxkijaA )~(
~
can be obtained as
(14)
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
This study is an experimental research involving website developer to evaluate websites. The
alternative websites consists of five Indonesian university websites and their url address were : UGM
(http://ugm.ac.id/), ITB (https://www.itb.ac.id/), UI (http://www.ui.ac.id/), UB (https://ub.ac.id/), and IPB
(http://ipb.ac.id/). The data of the website quality was taken from 20 to 30 March 2017. The criteria of the
website quality is taken though the web diagnostic tools http://alexa.com for page loading time, stickiness
and backlink. The decided hierarchy for selecting the best university based on the quality of site can be seen
in Figure 2.
wi
*
=
exp xi
*
( )
exp xj
*
( )
j=1
k
å
, i =1,2,...,k
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Selecting the best
university websites
C1 (Stickiness) C2 (Backlink) C3 (Load time)
UGM ITB UBUI IPB
Figure 2. Hierarchical structure for university websites selection problem
Table 3 shows the pair wise comparison matrix for ranking university websites. The goal of this study to
select the best university websites. There are three selection criteria, C1 (Stickiness), C2 (Backlink), and C3
(Load time).
Table 3. Fuzzy Pairwise Comparison Matrix of three selection Criteria
Criteria
1C 2C 3C
C1
(1, 1, 1) (5, 6, 7) (1, 2, 3)
2C (1/7, 1/6, 1/5) (1, 1, 1) (1/4, 1/3, 1/2)
3C (1/3, 1/2, 1) (2, 3, 4) (1, 1, 1)
Minimize
2
1
3
1
222
1
i ij
ijijPJ
Subject to
,ηλxx
,δλxx
,ηλxx
,δλxx
,ηλxx
,δλxx
)21ln()23ln(
)41ln()34ln(
)3ln()23(ln
)1ln()2ln(
)7ln()67ln(
)5ln()56ln(
2332
2332
1331
1331
1221
1221
By solving model (13) for this fuzzy pairwise comparison matrix, we obtain the optimal solution as
*
= 0.999,
*
12 = -2.564*10-10
,
*
12 = -2.859*10-10
, 1x = 1.564,
*
13 = 3.810*10-11
,
*
13 = 1.121*10-10
, 2x = -0.227,
*
23 = 1.663*10-10
,
*
23 = -9.421*10-11
, 3x = 0.871.
Based on which, we have normalized LFPP priorities as
,3.0))871.0exp()227.0exp()564.1/((exp()871.0exp(
,1.0))871.0exp()227.0exp()564.1/((exp()227.0exp(
,6.0))871.0exp()227.0exp()564.1/((exp()564.1exp(
*
3
*
2
*
1
w
w
w
8. ISSN: 2088-8708
Int J Elec & Comp Eng, Vol. 8, No. 5, October 2018 : 3349 – 3358
3356
From the equation above, we produce 1999.0*
, it means that this set of priority match fuzzy
pairwise comparison matrix of three selection criteria in Table 3 has high consistency. Using the same way,
the weighted assessment criteria pairwise comparisons between alternatives can calculated. Table 4 shows
the data of quality criteria in five university websites. Measurement units for the criterion of load time and
stickiness were second, and backlink was number.
Table 4. Original Data
Criteria UGM ITB UI UB IPB
C1 – Stickiness (second) 256 268 346 272 268
C2 – Backlink (number) 8653 4758 6830 4415 4954
C3 – Load time (second) 1.745 1.455 1.507 1.535 1.779
Table 5 shows the results of the normalized data measurement using Simple Additive Weighting
(SAW) for five alternative websites in higher institution. SAW methods are used to generate the greatest
value to be selected as the best alternative. This method requires the process of normalizing the matrix to a
scale comparable to all current alternative ratings. The normalization results ranged from 0 to 1.
Table 5. Normalized Data
Criteria UGM ITB UI UB IPB Weight
C1 0.833 1 0.965 0.947 0.817 0.6
C2 0.739 0.774 1 0.786 0.774 0.1
C3 1 0.549 0.789 0.510 0.572 0.3
Table 6 shows multiplication of values by weights generates the aggregation of the local priorities and rank;
the result represents that UI as the first rank and IPB as the fifth rank. The alternatives ranked as follow:
UI>UGM>ITB>UB>IPB.
Table 6. Aggregation of the local priorities
No Criteria
University websites
UGM ITB UI UB IPB
1 C1 0.4998 0.6000 0.5790 0.5682 0.4902
2 C2 0.0739 0.0774 0.1000 0.0786 0.0774
3 C3 0.3000 0.1647 0.2367 0.1530 0.1716
Sum 0.8737 0.8421 0.9157 0.7998 0.7392
Rank 2 3 1 4 5
4. CONCLUSION
The rank and performance of a university can be viewed from its academic activities on the internet
that are reflected in the university website. Therefore, university website quality is important to show the
credibility of a college. Based on the obtained data, it can be arranged that the site quality is ranked due to its
stickiness, backlinks and load time by the LFPP method. The equation of model achieve high consistency of
the set priority matching to fuzzy pairwise comparison matrix of three selection criteria. The results of this
study show that stickiness is the most important factor that affects website's quality. For further study, criteria
and alternatives to test whether the method works well can be added.
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BIOGRAPHIES OF AUTHORS
Retantyo Wardoyo, is a lecturer and a researcher at Department of Computer Science Universitas
Gadjah Mada. He obtained his bachelor degree from Mathematics in Universitas Gadjah Mada,
Indonesia (1982). He obtained his master degree from Computer Science in University of
Manchester, UK (1990) and his doctoral degree from Computation in University of Manchester
Institute of Sciences and Technology, UK (1996). His research interests include Intelligent
Systems, Reasoning Systems, Expert Systems, Fuzzy Systems, Vision Systems, Group DSS &
Clinical DSS, Medical Computing & Computational Intelligence.
Tenia Wahyuningrum, currently is pursuing her doctoral program in Department of Computer
Science and Electronics, Faculty of Mathematics & Natural Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Yogyakarta, Indonesia. She took her undergraduate (S.Kom) at STMIK Widya Utama and Master
(M.T) in Department of Electrical Engineering at Institut Teknologi Bandung in 2010. Her
research areas of interest are Human Computer Interaction, Software Quality, and Software
Engineering.